2024年3月13日发(作者：)

图忸-1整体骨骼侧面观 The skeleton. Lateral View

1肋骨rib

2 胸椎 thoracic vertebra

3 颈椎 cervical vertebra

4 颅骨 cranium

5肩胛骨scapula

6 肱骨 hiimeius

7 桡骨 radius

8尺骨ulna

9 掌骨 metacarpal bone

10 指骨 digital bone

11 腰椎 lumbar vertebra

12 髂骨 ilium

13 尾骨 coccyx

14 股骨 femur

15 髌骨 patella

16 腓骨 fubula

17 胫骨 tibia

跖骨 metatarsal bone

图忸-2整体骨骼左前面观 The skeleton. Left anterior view

19 趾骨 digital bone

图忸-3 头骨背面 The skull . Dorsal aspect

图忸-4 头骨侧面 The skull. Lateral aspect

图忸-5 头骨腹面 The skull. Ventral aspect

图忸-6 下颌骨侧面 The mandible. Lateral aspect

1 枕骨 occipital bone

2 顶间骨 interparietal bone

3 矢状缝 sagittal suture

4 颧骨 malar bone

5 上颌骨 maxillary bone

6 前颌骨 premaxillary bone

7 枕外嵴 external occipital creat

8 顶骨 parietal bone

9 额骨 frontal bone

10 鼻骨 nasal bone

11 鼻间缝 in ternasal suture

12 前筛孑L preethmoid pore

13 蝶腭孑L sphenopalatine foramen

14 门齿 incisor tooth

15 下颌骨 mandible

16 视神经孔 optic foramen

17 枕骨 occipital bone

18 茎突 styloid process

19 夕卜耳道 external acoustic

meatus

20 颞骨 temporal bone

21 腭裂 patoschisis

22 臼齿 molar tooth

23 腭骨 palatine bone

24 翼孑L pterygoid apertures

25 破裂孑L foramen lacerum

26 枕大孑L foramen magnum

27 月腭后孑L posterior palatine

foramen

28 鼻后孑L posterior nasal apertures

29 卵圆孔 foramen ovale

30 鼓骨 tympanic bone

31 舌下神经孑L hypoglossal

foramen

32 下颌联合 mandibular symphysis

33 颏孑L mental foramen

34 冠状突 coronoid process

35 下颌支 ramus of mandible

36 角状突 process of horn

37 下颌孑L mandibular foramen

38 翼肌窝 pterygoid fossa

髁突 condylar process

图忸-7颈椎与胸椎背面 The cervical

vertebra and thoracic

aspect

图忸-9前肢骨背面 The bone of

an terior aspect

图忸-8前肢骨外侧面 The bone of anterior

limb. Lateral aspect

1枢椎axis 2

3 第 6 颈椎 6th cervical vertebra

5 第 4 胸椎 4th thoracic vertebra

7 第 3 颈椎 3rd cervical vertebra

9 第 7 颈椎 7th cervical vertebra l1

肱骨体 shaft of humcrus

13 尺骨 ulna 14

15 掌骨 metacarpal bone

l7 肘突 cubital process

18 指骨 digital bone

第 4 颈椎 4th cervical vertebra

4 第 1 胸椎 1st thoracic vertebra

6寰椎axis

8 第 5 颈椎 5th cervical vertebra

10 第 3 胸椎 3rd thoracic vertebra

12 桡骨 radius

尺骨茎突 styloid process of ulna

16 肱骨头 head of hurnerus

18 腕骨 carpal bone

图VM -10股骨前面 The femur.

An terior aspect

图W- 11胫骨与腓骨前面 The tibia

and fibula. Anterior aspect

图忸-12 整体肌侧面观 The muscles. Lateral view

1 大转子 greater trochanter

2 股骨颈 neck of femur

3 第三转子 third trochanter

4 髌骨 patella

5 股骨头 femoral head

G 小转子 lesser trochanter

7 股骨体 shaft of femur

8 股骨内侧髁 medial condyle of femur

9 外侧髁 lateral condyle

10 腓骨 fibula

11 外踝 lateral malleolus

12 跗骨 tarsal bone

13 胫骨内侧髁 medial condyle of tibia

14 径骨粗隆 tibial tuberosity

15 胫骨 tibia

16 内踝 medial mallcolus

17 跖骨 metatarsal bone

18 斜方肌 trapezius muscle

19 臀浅肌 glutoeus super(icialis muscle

20 股直肌 rectus femoris muscle

21 腹外斜肌 external oblique muscle of abdomen

22 背阔肌 latissimus dorsi muscle

23 肩斜方肌 shoulder-trapezius muscle

24 大圆肌 teres major muscle

25 肩三角肌 shoulder-deltoid muscle

26 前锯肌 serratus anterior muscle

图 W -13 整体肌背面观 The muscles. Dorsal view

图忸-14 整体肌腹面观 The muscles. Ventral view

1 锁骨提肌 levator clavicle muscle

2 肩三角肌 shoulder-deltoid muscle

3 肱三头肌 triceps brachii muscle

4 臀浅肌 gluteus suferficidlis muscle

5 股直肌 rectus femoris muscle

6 腓肠肌 gastrocnemius muscle

7 夹肌 splenius muscle

8 颈菱形肌 rhomboideus cervicis muscle

9 胸菱形肌 rhomboideus pectoralis muscle

10 背阔肌 latissimus dorsi muscle

11 腹外斜肌 external oblique muscle of abdomen

12 股二头肌 biceps femoris muscle

13 半腱肌 semitendinosus muscle

14 二腹肌前腹 anterior belly of digastric muscle

15 二腹肌后腹 posterior belly of digastric muscle

16 胸骨舌骨肌 sternohyoid muscle

17 肱二头肌 biceps brachii muscle

18 腹直肌 rectus abdominis muscle

19 股动、静脉 femoral artery and femoral vein

20 阴囊 scrotum

21 咬肌 masseter muscle

22 胸乳突肌 sternomastoideus muscle

23 肩三角肌 shoulder-deltoid muscle

24 桡侧腕伸肌 extensor carpi radialis muscle

25 指总伸肌 exte nsor digitorum com munis

muscle

26 尺侧腕伸肌 extensor carpi ulnaris muscle

27 胸浅肌 pectoral superficialis muscle

28 前锯肌 serratus anterior muscle

29 股内侧肌 vastus medialis muscle

30 耻骨肌 pectineus muscle

31 长收肌 adductor Iongus muscle

股薄肌 gracilis muscle

图忸-15 头、颈部侧面 The head and neck. Lateral aspect

1 颞浅动、静脉 superficial temporal artery and vein 2 眶上静脉 supraorbitalvein

3 面横动、静脉 tran sverse facial artery and vein 4 下颌缘神经 margin alma ndibular nerv e

5

面后静脉 posterior facial vein

6 面前静脉 anterior facial vein

7 颈外静脉 external jugular vein

图

W-

16 口腔(1)The oral cavity (1)

I 颞浅动、静脉 superficial temporal artery and vein 2 眶上静脉 supraorbitalvein

3 面横动、静脉 tran sverse facial artery and vein 4 下颌缘神经 margin alma ndibular nerve

5 面后静脉 posterior facial vein

7 颈外静脉 external jugular vein

9 臼齿 molar tooth

II 软腭 soft palate

13 舌体 body of tongue

6 面前静脉 anterior facial vein

8 硬腭褶 fold of hard palate

10 门齿 incisor tooth

12 舌根 root of tongue

14 舌尖 apex of tongue

图

W-

17 口腔(2)The oral cavity (2)

图忸-18脑与脊髓背面 The brain and

spinal aspect

图忸-19脑与脊髓腹面 The brain and

spinal cordVe ntral aspect

4 硬腭褶 fold of hard palate

6 会厌

epiglottis

8 舌体 body

of tongue

10 中央纵裂

central

longitudina

l fissue 颈

膨大

cervical

enlargeme

nt

1 喉口 aperture of larynx

2 舌根 root of tongue

3 舌尖 apex of tongue

5 软腭 soft palate

7 臼齿 molar tooth

9 嗅球 olfactory bulb

1l 绒球 flocculus 12

13 腰膨大 lumbar enlargement

15 大脑 cerebrum 16

17 脊髓圆锥 courts medullaris

19 脑桥 pons 20

21 嗅束 olfactory tract

23 三叉神经 trigeminal nerve

14 外侧纵沟 lateral Iongitudinal sulcus 小脑

(中央部) cerebellum (central part)

18 脑垂体 pituitary gland 延髓 myele ncephal

on

22 视神经 optic nerve

图 VM -20 磁共振冠状面定位像(1)The scout view of c

W

414

L

453

Z

2 50 A

*0.0 cm

*0 0 cm

59 L

83SP

CLOSED CONTRAST

12 4 F

fiAR OXM

ECHO 1/1 SLICE 2/9

图 W -21 磁共振冠状面定位像(2) The scout view of coronal images (2)

Twiivi Fin

R*t

b

4 Q

1Z3 08

MSA 4

APR1

RQ2?

RP

TE 20.0

TR 500

FOV 13 5

THCK: 3.0

RES 192x2Sfi

PS 0402

FLIP 90 00:03 10

NSA 4

CONTRAST CtOSED

iSAR 0 04

1 眼球 eyeball

2 嗅脑 rhinencephalon

3 大脑皮层 cerebral cortex

4 大脑镰 cerebral faix

5 鼻旁窦 para nasal sinus

6 纵裂 Iongitudinal fissure

冠状面T

1

加权像，颞颌关节线圈，

SE序列，层厚3.0mm，无间隔,

TR=500rns， TE=20ms。

扫描方向：从背侧向腹侧。

图忸-22磁共振冠状面定位像（3） The scout view of coronal images

⑶

丹

MS L

934

Z

Z.50 *1

d rtri

m

：

i

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rm

Rf

FOV 13 5 T HCK 3 0

RES

PS 0 49? FIP

IQ

NSA 4

CONTRAST CLCkfitD

6AR 0,04

图忸-23磁共振冠状面定位像（4）The scout view of coronal images

⑷

图忸-23磁共振冠状面定位像（3） The scout view of coronal images

⑶

图忸-24磁共振冠状面定位像（5）The scout view of coronal images

⑸

1 海马结构 hippocampal formation

2 中脑 midbrain

3 天幕 tentorium

4 额顶叶皮层 frontoparietal cortex

5 颞叶皮层 temporal cortex

G 小脑 cerebellum

7 颞骨 lemporal bone

8脑桥pons

9 舌 tongue

10 咬肌 masseter muscle

11 下颌骨 mandible

12 咽 pharynx

图 VM -25 颈肌与胸肌(1)The muscle of neck and pectoral muscle (1)

图忸-26 颈肌与胸肌（2） The muscle of neck and pectoral muscle

⑵

I 二腹肌前腹 anterior belly of digastrc muscle 2

3 胸浅肌 pectoral suferficialis muscle 4

5 咬肌 masseter muscle

7 淋巴结 lymph no des

9 桡神经 radial nerve

II 背阔肌 latissimus dorsi muscle

腋神经 axillary nerve

胸骨舌骨肌 sternohyoid muscle

6 胸乳突肌 stemomastoideus muscle

8 肱二头肌 biceps brachii muscle

10 正中神经 median nerve

12 肩胛舌骨肌 omohyoid muscle

14 胸深肌 pectoral profundus muscle

二腹肌后腹 posterior belly of digastric muscle

图忸-27 腹肌 The abdominal muscle

图忸-28 胸、腹腔器官 The organs in the thoracic

and abdominal cavities

1 腹直肌 rectus abdominis muscle

2 股动、静脉 femoral artery. femoral vein

3阴茎penis

4 阴囊 scrotum

5 胸浅肌 pectoral suferficialis muscle

6 腹外斜肌 external oblique muscle of abdomen

7 股直肌 rectus femoris muscle

8 股内侧肌 vastus medialis muscle

9 耻骨肌 pectineus muscle

10 长收肌 adductor Iongus muscle

11 股薄肌 gracilis muscle

12 半腱肌 semitendinous muscle

13 咬肌 masseter muscle

14 胸骨舌骨肌 sternohyoid muscle

15 胸乳突肌 sternomastoideus muscle

16 肩胛横肌 transverses scapulae muscle

17 胸腺 thymus

18 心 heart

19 肺 lung

20 膈 diaphragm

21 十二指肠 duode num

22 空肠 jejunmn

23 膀胱 urinary bladder

24 二腹肌后腹 posterior belly of digastric muscle

25 脾 spleen

26 结肠 colon

27 回肠 ileum

28 股静脉 femoral vein

29 前列腺 prostate

图忸-29 心腹面 The heart. Ventral aspect

1 右颈内动脉 right internal carotid artery

2 右颈外动脉 right external carotid artery

3 右锁骨下动脉 right subclavian artery

4 右心房 right atrium

5 冠状沟 coronary sulcus

6 右心室 right ventricle

7 心尖 cardiac apex

8 左颈内动脉 left internal cartoid artery

9 左颈外动脉 left external cartoid artery

10主动脉弓aortic arch

11 左心房 left atrium

12 左心室 left ventricle

图忸-30 心背面 The heart. Dorsal aspect

3 右锁骨下动脉 right subclavian artery

4 右心房 right atrium

5 冠状沟 coronary sulcus

6 右心室 right ventricle

7 心尖 cardiac apex

8 左颈内动脉 left internal cartoid artery

9 左颈外动脉 left external cartoid artery

10主动脉弓aortic arch

11 左心房 left atrium

12 左心室 left ventricle

13 肺动脉右支 right branch of pulmonary artery

14 肺静脉 pulmonary vein

15 前腔静脉 precavalvein

16 肺动脉左支 left branch of pulmonary art 7tery

后腔静脉 postcaval vein

图忸-31 左心房与左心室 The left atrium and left ventricle

11 左心房 left atrium

12 左心室 left ventricle

13 肺动脉右支 right branch of pulmonary artery

14 肺静脉 pulmonary vein

15 前腔静脉 precavalvein

16 肺动脉左支 left branch of pulmonary art 7tery

17 后腔静脉 postcaval vein

18 心中静脉 middle cardiac vein

19 头臂动脉 brachiocephalic artery

20主动脉弓aortic arch

21 孚L头肌 papillary muscles

22 左颈总动脉 left common carotid artery

23 左锁骨下动脉 left subclavian artery

24 右前腔静脉 right precaval vein

25 心外膜 extracardium

图忸-32 右心房和右心室 The right atrium and right ventricle

4 右心房 right atrium

5 冠状沟 coronary sulcus

6 右心室 right ventricle

7 心尖 cardiac apex

8 左颈内动脉 left internal cartoid artery

9 左颈外动脉 left external cartoid artery

10主动脉弓aortic arch

11 左心房 left atrium

12 左心室 left ventricle

13 肺动脉右支 right branch of pulmonary artery

14 肺静脉 pulmonary vein

15 前腔静脉 precavalvein

16 肺动脉左支 left branch of pulmonary art 7tery

17 后腔静脉 postcaval vein

18 心中静脉 middle cardiac vein

19 头臂动脉 brachiocephalic artery

20主动脉弓aortic arch

21 孚L头肌 papillary muscles

22 左颈总动脉 left common carotid artery

23 左锁骨下动脉 left subclavian artery

24 右前腔静脉 right precaval vein

心外膜 extracardium

25 肺动脉 pulmonary artery

26 心内膜 endocardiurn

心肌层 myocardium

图忸-33 颈总动脉 The common carotid artery

图忸-34主动脉弓 The aorta arch

1 舌动脉 lingual artery

2 甲状腺 thyroid gland

3 迷走交感神经链 vagosympathetic cha in

4 颈外静脉 external jugular vein

5 颈总动脉 com mon carotid artery

6 锁骨下动脉 subclavian artery

7 无名动脉 anonyma artery

8主动脉弓 aorta arch

9 颌外动脉 external maxillary artery

10 耳前动脉 anterior auricular artery

11 甲状腺上动脉 superior thyroid artery

12 颈动脉干 carotiq trunk

13 腋动脉 axillary artery

14 左心耳 left auricle

15 前腔静脉 precaval vein

16 面后静脉 posterior facial vein

17 面前静脉 anterior facial vein

18 臂神经丛 brachial plexus

19 胸外侧动脉 external thoracicartery

20 椎动脉 vertebral artery

肋颈动脉干 costocervicaltrunk

图忸-35 胸主动脉 The thoracic aorta

2迷走交感神经链 vagosympathetic chain

4 锁骨下动脉 subclavian artery

6 前腔静脉 precaval vein

8 月膈 diaphragm

10 臂神经丛 brachial plexus

I 甲状腺 thyroid gland

14

16

肋

12 胸外侧动脉 lateral

thoracic artery

3 颈总动脉 com mon carotid artery

肋颈动脉干 costocervical trunk

5 无名动脉 innominate artery

肺动脉 pulmonary artery

7 后腔静脉 postcaval vein

9 颈动脉干 carotid trunk

II 腋动脉 axillary artery

13 椎动脉 vertebral artery

15主动脉弓aorta arch

17 胸主动脉 thoracic aorta

19 食管 esophagus

间动脉 intercostal artery

图忸-37 腹腔器官(2) The organs in the abdominal cavity (2)

图忸-37 腹腔器官(2) The organs in the abdominal cavity (3)

I 肝右中叶 right middle lobe of liver

3 横结肠 transverse colon

5 空肠 jejunum 6

7 肝左中叶 left middle lobe of liver

9 胃 stomach 10

II 脂肪 fat 12

13 胰 pancreas 14

2 肝右外叶 right lateral lobe of liver

4 大网膜 greater omentnm

剑突 xiphoid process

8 肝左外叶 left lateral lobe of liver

脾 spleen

肝 liver

结肠colon

图忸-37 腹腔器官(2) The organs in the abdominal cavity (4)

图忸-37 腹腔器官(2) The organs in the abdominal cavity (5)

I 肝右中叶 right middle lobe of l iver

3 小肠 small in test ine

5 结肠 col on 6

7 肺 lung 8

9 月膈 diaphragm

II 肝左外叶 left lateral lobe of liver

13 脾 spleen 14

15 睾丸 testis 16

17 股动、静脉 femoral artery and vein

2 肝右外叶 right lateral lobe of liver

4 大网膜 greater omentum 胸腺

thymus 心 heart

l0 肝左中叶 left middle lobe of liver

12 胃 stomach

附睾 epididymis 阴茎penis

图忸-41 腹腔器官（6）The organs in the abdominal cavity

⑹

2

图忸-42 胃 The stomach 图忸-43 胃壁内面 The wall of stomach. Inner surface

1 月膈 diaphragm

2 前腔静脉 precaval vein

3 胸腺 thymus

4 肺 lung

5 心 heart

6 肾上腺 adrenal gland

7 肾 kid ney

8 肾门静脉 renal portal vein

9 精索内静脉 internal spermatic vein

10 髂腰静脉 iliolumbar vein

11 膀胱 urinary bladder

12 十二指肠 duode num

13 幽门 pylorus

14 胃大弯 greater curvature of stomach

15 食管 esophagus

16 胃底 fundus of stomach

17 胃小弯 lesser curvature of stomach

18 胃体 body of stomach

19 贲门 pylorus

20 胃粘膜皮区 cutaneous part of gastric mucous

胃粘膜腺区 glandular part of gastric mucous

图 Vffi -44 空肠、回肠与盲肠腹面观 The jejunum, ileum and cecum. Ventral view

图忸-45 空肠、回肠与盲肠背面观 The jejunum, ileum and cecum. Dorsal view

1 空肠 jejunum

2 横结肠 transverse colon

3 升结肠 ascending colon

4盲肠cecum

5 腹壁浅动脉 superficial epigastric artery

6 隐动脉 saphenous artery

7 隐大静脉 great saphenous vein

8 肝 liver

9 胃 stomach

10 脾 spleen

11 降结肠 descending colon

12 膀胱 urinary bladder

13 尾中动脉 middle coccygeal artery

14 回肠 ileum

15 盲肠尖 apex of cecum

16 盲肠体 body of cecum

盲肠基部 base of cecum

图忸-46 生殖器官(早)(1) The genital organs (早)(1)

图忸-47 生殖器官(早)(2)The genital organs (?) (2)

1 小肠 small in test ine

3 脂肪 fat 4

5 子宫角 horn of uterus

7 膀胱 urinary bladder

9 子宫体 body of uterus

2 输卵管 uteri ne tube

胃 stomach

6 直肠 rectum

8 脾 spleen

图忸-50 生殖器官(

S)

(3) The genital organs (父)(3)

图忸-51 生殖器官(父)(4)The genitai organs (令)(4)

1 直肠 rectum 2

3 肾 kid ney 4

5 精囊 seminal vesicle

7 阴茎 penis 8

9 精索 spermatic cord

膀胱 urinary bladder

脂肪 fat

6 前歹U腺 prostate

附睾 epididymis

图W -52 生殖器官(S) (5) The genital organs ( S)

⑸

图忸-53 腹主动脉及其分支 The abdominal aorta and

branches

1 直肠 rectum

2 精囊 seminal vesicle

3 膀胱 urinary bladder

4前列腺prostate

5 精索 spermatic cord

6阴茎penis

7 附睾 epididymis

8 睾丸 testis

9 月膈 diaphragm

10 后腔静脉 postcaval vein

腹腔动脉 celiac artery

11 肾动脉 renal artery

12 右肾 right kidkey

13 前肠系膜动脉 anterior mesenteric artery

14 精索内动脉 internal spermatic artery

16输尿管ureter

17 髂腰动、静脉 iliolumbar artery and vein

18 髂总动脉 com mon iliac artery

19 贮精囊 vesicula seminalis

20 隐动脉 saphenous artery

21 食管 esophagus

22 月膈下动脉 inferior phrenic artery

23 肾上腺 adrenal glands

24 肾上腺上动脉 superior adrenal artery

25 左肾 left kidney

26 后肠系膜动脉 posterior mesenteric artery

27 髂外动脉 external iliac artery

28 股动脉 femoral artery

29 腹壁阴部动脉干 arterial epigastro-pudendal trunk

输精管 ductus deferens

图忸-56 前肢内侧面 The anterior limb. Medial aspect

图忸-57 后肢内侧面(1)The posterior limb. Medial aspect (1)

I 腋神经 axillary nerve

3 头静脉 cephalic vein

5 正中动脉 median artery

7 尺神经 ulnar nerve

9 胸长神经 long thoracic nerve

II 颈总动脉 com mon carotid artery

13 左心耳 left auricle

15 食管 esophagus 16

17 腹壁浅动脉 superficial epigastric artery

19 隐动脉 saphenous artery

18

2 桡神经 radial nerve

4 正中神经 median nerve

6 肌支 muscular branch

8 臂动脉 brachial artery

10 胸外侧动脉 external thoracic artery

12主动脉弓aorta arch

14 右心耳 right auricle

胸主动脉 thoracic aorta

腹壁浅静脉 superficial epigastric vein

隐大静脉 great saphenous vein

图区-1整体骨骼侧面观 The skeleton. Lateral view

图区-2整体骨骼背面观 The skeleton. Dorsal view

I 背肋 dorsal rib

3 颈椎 cerical vertebra

5 顶骨 parietal bone

7 鼻骨 nasal bone

9 肩胛骨 scapula 10

II 髌骨 patella 12

13 荐椎 sacral vertebra

15 坐骨 ischium 16

17 股骨 femur 18

19 胫骨 tibia 20

20 趾骨 digital bone

23 头骨 skull 24

25 桡骨 radius

2 胸椎 thoracic vertebra

4 顶间骨 interparietal bone

6 额骨 frontal bone

8 锁骨 clavicle

肱骨 hemerus

腰椎 lumbar vertebra

14 尾椎 caudal vertebra 髂

骨ilium 腓骨fibula 跖骨

metatarsal bone

胸肋 sternal rib 指骨 digital

bone

图IX -3 背柱背面 The vertebral column. Dorsal aspect

图 IX -4 胸廓背面 The thorax . Dorsal aspect