2024年4月28日发(作者：)

2020考研英语二阅读理解真题及解析

出国网考研英语真题频道为大家提供2014考研英语二阅读理解

真题及解析，欢迎大家参考借鉴!

2014考研英语二阅读理解真题及解析

PartA

Directions:

thequestionsbeloweachtex

tbychoosingA,B,uranswersonANSWERSHEET.(40points)

Text1

Whatwouldyoudowith590m?ThisisnowaquestionforGloriaMacken

zie,an84-year-oldwidowwhorecentlyemergedfromhersmall,tin-

roofedhouseinFloridatocollectthebiggestundividedlotteryjack

opeshernew-

foundfortunewillyieldlastingfeelingsoffulfillment,shecouldd

oworsethanreadHappyMoneybyElizabethDumnandMichaelNorton.

Thesetwoacademicsuseanarrayofbehavioralresearchtoshowtha

asiesofgreatwealthofteninvolvevisionsoffancycarsandextravag

isfactionwiththesematerialpurchaseswearsofff

airlyquicklywhatwasonceexcitingandnewbecomesold-

hat;rbettertospendmoneyonexperiences,s

ayMsDumnandMrNorton,likeinterestingtrips,uniquemealsoreveng

urchasesoftenbecomemorevaluablewithti

me-asstoriesormemories-

particularlyiftheyinvolvefeelingmoreconnectedtoothers.

Thisslimvolumeispackedwithtipstohelpwageslavesaswellaslo

tterywinnersgetthemost"happinessbangforyourbuck."Itseemsmos

tpeoplewouldbebetteroffiftheycouldshortentheircommutestowor

k,spendmoretimewithfriendsandfamilyandlessofitwatchingtelev

ision(somethingtheaverageAmericanspendsawhoppingtwomonthsay

eardoing,andishardlyjollierforit).Buyinggiftsorgivingtochar

ityisoftenmorepleasurablethanpurchasingthingsforoneself,and

apparentlythereasonMacDonald'srestrictstheavailabilityofits

popularMcRib-

amarketingtrickthathasturnedtheporksandwichintoanobjectofob

session.

Readersof“HappyMoney”areclearlyaprivilegedlot,anxiousa

boutfulfillment,aynotquitebuyhappiness,butp

eopleinwealthiercountriesaregenerallyhappierthanthoseinpoor

linkbetweenfeelinggoodandspendingmoneyonothersca

nbeseenamongrichandpoorpeoplearoundtheworld,andscarcityenha

ryonewillagr

eewiththeauthors’policyideas,whichrangefrommandatingmoreho

stpeoplewillcomeawayfromthisbookbelievingitwasmoneywellspen

t。

ingtoDumnandNorton,whichofthefollowingisthemost

rewardingpurchase?

[A]Abighouse

[B]Aspecialtour

[C]Astylishcar

[D]Arichmeal

hor’sattitudetowardAmericans’watchingTVis

[A]critical

[B]supportive

[C]sympathetic

[D]ambiguous

ismentionedinparagraph3toshowthat

[A]consumersaresometimesirrational

[B]popularityusuallycomesafterquality

[C]marketingtricksareaftereffective

[D]raritygenerallyincreasespleasure

ingtothelastparagraph,HappyMoney

[A]hasleftmuchroomforreaders’criticism

[B]mayprovetobeaworthwhilepurchase

[C]haspredictedawiderincomegapintheus

[D]maygiveitsreadersasenseofachievement

xtmainlydiscusseshowto

[A]balancefeelinggoodandspendingmoney

[B]spendlargesumsofmoneywoninlotteries

[C]obtainlastingsatisfactionfrommoneyspent

[D]becomemorereasonableinspendingonluxuries

Text2

AnarticleinScientificAmericahaspointedoutthatempiricalre

searchsaysthat,actually,youthinkyou’remorebeautifulthanyou

adeep-

seatedneedtofeelgoodaboutourselvesandwenaturallyemployanumb

erofself-

enhancingstrategiestoresearchintowhatthecallthe“aboveavera

geeffect”,or“illusorysuperiority”,andshownthat,forexampl

e,70%ofusrateourselvesasaboveaverageinleadership,93%indrivi

ngand85%atgettingonwellwithothers—

allobviouslystatisticalimpossibilities.

Werosetintourmemoriesandputourselvesintoself-

medefensivewhencriticized,andappl

ynegativestereotypestootherstoboostourownesteem,westalkarou

ndthinkingwe’rehotstuff.

PsychologistandbehavioralscientistNicholasEpleyoversawak

eystudyingintoself-

thathavepeoplesimplyrate

theirbeautycompresswithothers,heaskedthemtoidentifyanorigin

alphotograghofthemselves’fromalineupincludingversionsthath

recognitio

n,readsthestudy,is“anautomaticpsychologicalprocessoccurrin

grapidlyandintuitivelywithlittleornoapparentconsciousdelibe

ration”.Ifthesubjectsquicklychoseafalselyflatteringimage-

whichmustdid-

oundnos

thereanyevidenc

ethat,thosewhoself-

enhancethemust(thatis,theparticipantswhothoughtthemostposit

ivelydoctoredpicturewerereal)weredoingsotomakeupforprofound

thosewhothoughtthattheimageshigherupthea

ttractivenessscalewererealdirectlycorrespondedwiththosewhos

howedothermakersforhavinghigherself-

esteem.“Idon’tthinkthefindingsthatwehavinghaveareanyevide

nceofpersonaldelusion”,saysEpley.“It’sareflectionsimplyo

fpeoplegenerallythinkingwellofthemselves’.Ifyouaredepresse

d,youwon’tbeself-

gtheresultsofEpley‘sstudy,itmakessensethat

whypeopleheatphotographsofthemselvesViscerally-

ononelevel,theydon’tevenrecognisethepersoninthepictureasth

emselves,Facebooktherefore,isaself-

enhancer’sparadise,wherepeoplecanshareonlythemostflatterin

gphotos,thecreamoftheirwit,style,beauty,intellectandlifesty

leit’snotthatpeople’sprofilesaredishonest,sayscatalinatom

aofWiscon—

Madisonuniversity,”buttheyportrayanidealizedversionofthems

elves.

ingtothefirstparagraph,socialpsychologisthavefo

undthat______.

[A]ourself-ratingsareunrealisticallyhigh

[B]illusorysuperiorityisbaselesseffect

[C]ourneedforleadershipisunnatural

[D]self-enhancingstrategiesareineffective

recognitionisbelievedtobepeople’s______

[A]rapidwatching

[B]consciouschoice

[C]intuitiveresponse

[D]automaticself-defence

oundthatpeoplewithhigherself-

esteemtendedto______

[A]underestimatetheirinsecurities

[B]believeintheirattractiveness

[C]coveruptheirdepressions

[D]oversimplifytheirillusions

d“Viscerally”(Line2,para.5)isclosestinmeaning

to_____.

[A]instinctively

[B]occasionally

[C]particularly

[D]aggressively

einferredthatFacebookisself-

enhancer’sparadisebecausepeoplecan_____.

[A]presenttheirdishonestprofiles

[B]definetheirtraditionallifestyles

[C]sharetheirintellectualpursuits

[D]withholdtheirunflatteringsides

Text4

Whenthegovernmenttalksaboutinfrastructurecontributingtot

heeconomythefocusisusuallyonroads,railways,broadbandandener

gisseldommentioned.

Whyisthat?Tosomeextentthehousingsectormustshoulderthebla

notbeengoodatcommunicatingtherealvaluethathousingc

ereisthescaleofthetypica

rdtoshoveforattentionamongmultibillio

n-

poundinfrastructureproject,soitisinevitablethattheattention

hapsthemostsignificantreasonisthat

theissuehasalwaysbeensopoliticallycharged.

Nevertheless,

itinglistsincreaseallthetimeandwearesimplynotbuildingenough

newhomes.