2024年1月24日发(作者：)

2018年12月大学生英语六级真题试卷及答案（第三套）

目录

2018年12月大学生英语六级真题试题三(完整版) ......................................................................................................... 1

2018年12月大学生英语六级真题试卷参考答案 .......................................................................................................... 16

2018年12月大学生英语六级真题试题三(完整版)

Part I Writing (30 minutes)

(请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an a short easy on how to balance

academic study and extracurricular can cite examples to illustrate your

views. you should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)

Section A

Directions:

In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you

will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear

a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark

the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

1. A) Stop worrying about him. C) Take a picture of him.

B) Keep away from the statue. D) Put on a smile for the photo.

2. A) Gaining great fame on the Internet.

B) Publishing a collection of his photos.

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C) Collecting the best photos in the world.

D) Becoming a professional photographer.

3. A) Surfing various websites and collecting photos.

B) Editing his pictures and posting them online.

C) Following similar accounts to compare notes.

D) Studying the pictures in popular social media.

4. A) They are far from satisfactory.

B) They are mostly taken by her mom.

C) They make an impressive album.

D) They record her fond memories.

Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

5. A) A journal reporting the latest progress in physics.

B) An introductory course of modem physics.

C) An occasion for physicists to exchange ideas.

D) A series of interviews with outstanding physicists.

6. A) The future of the physical world.

B) The origin of the universe.

C) Sources of radiation.

D) Particle theory.

7. A) How matter collides with anti-matter.

B) Whether the universe will turn barren.

C) Why there exists anti-matter.

D) Why there is a universe at all.

8. A) Matter and anti-matter are opposites of each other.

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B) Anti-matter allowed humans to come into existence.

C) The universe formed due to a sufficient amount of matter.

D) Anti-matter exists in very high-temperature environments.

Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear

three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a

question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the

corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Questions9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.

9. A) She found herself speaking a foreign language.

B) She woke up speaking with a different accent.

C) She found some symptoms of her illness gone.

D) She woke up finding herself in another country.

10. A) It is usually caused by a stroke or brain injury.

B) It has not yet found any effective treatment.

C) It leaves the patient with a distorted memory.

D) It often happens to people with speech defects.

11. A)British. C)Russian.

B)Irish. D) Australian.

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.

12. A) Water sports. C) Stories about women swimmers.

B) Racing in rivers. D) Books about swimming.

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13. A) She succeeded in swimming across the English Channel.

B) She published a guide to London's best swimming spots.

C) She told her story of adventures to some young swimmers.

D) She wrote a book about the history of swimwear in the UK.

14. A) They loved vacationing on the seashore.

B) They had a unique notion of modesty.

C) They were prohibited from swimming.

D) They were fully dressed when swimming.

15. A) She designed lots of appropriate swimwear for women.

B) She once successfully competed against men in swimming.

C) She was the first woman to swim across the English Channel.

D) She was an advocate of women's right to swim in public pools.

Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or

four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the

best answer from the four choices marked A), B)，C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on

Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.

16. A) Build a machine that can detect lies.

B) Develop a magnetic brain scanner.

C) Test the credibility of court evidence.

D) Win people's complete trust in them.

17. A) They are optimistic about its potential.

B) They are sceptical of its reliability.

C) They think it is but business promotion.

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D) They celebrate it with great enthusiasm.

18. A)It is not to be trusted at all.

B) It does not sound economical.

C) It may intrude into people's privacy.

D) It may lead to overuse in court trials.

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.

19. A) Most of its residents speak several languages.

B) Some of its indigenous languages are dying out.

C) Each village there speaks a totally different language.

D) Its languages have interested researchers the world over.

20. A) They are spread randomly across the world.

B) Some are more difficult to learn than others.

C) More are found in tropical regions than in the mild zones.

D) They enrich and impact each other in more ways than one.

21. A) They used different methods to collect and analyze data.

B) They identified distinct patterns of language distribution.

C) Their conclusions do not correspond to their original hypotheses.

D) There is no conclusive account for the cause of language diversity.

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.

22. A) Its middle-class is disappearing.

B) Its wealth is rationally distributed.

C) Its population is rapidly growing.

D) Its cherished dream is coming true.

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23. A) Success was but a dream without conscientious effort.

B) They could realize their dreams through hard work.

C) A few dollars could go a long way.

D) Wealth was shared by all citizens.

24. A) Better working conditions.

B) Better-paying jobs.

C) High social status.

D) Full employment.

25. A) Reduce the administrative costs.

B) Adopt effective business models.

C) Hire part-time employees only.

D) Make use of the latest technology.

Part Ⅲ

Section A

Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for

each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through

carefully before making your choices, Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the

corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not

use any of the words in the bank more than once.

In what's probably the craziest headline I've ever written, I've reported that (26)_______ in livestock

protection are happening with scientists painting eyes on the butts of cows. The experiment is based upon

the idea that farmers who're protecting their herd from lions would shoot and kill lions in an effort to

protect their livestock. While this makes a lot of sense, it results in many lion deaths that (27)_______

would have been unnecessary. Researchers in Australia have been (28)_______ and testing a method of

trickery to make lions think they are being watched by the painted eyes on cow butts.

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This idea is based on the principle that lions and other (29)_______ are far less likely to attack when

they feel they are being watched. As conservation areas become smaller, lions are increasingly coming

into contact with human populations, which are expanding to the (30)_______ of these protected areas.

Efforts like painting eyes on cow butts may seem crazy at first, but they could make actual headway

in the fight for conservation. “If the method works, it could provide farmers in Botswana — and

(31)_______ — with a low-cost, sustainable tool to protect their livestock, and a way to keep lions safe

from being killed.”

Lions are (32)_______ ambush (埋伏）hunters, so when they feel their prey has (33)_______ them,

they usually give up on the hunt. Researchers are (34)_______ testing their idea on a select herd of cattle.

They have painted half of the cows with eyes and left the other half as normal. Through satellite tracking

of both the herd and the lions in the area, they will be able to (35)_______ if their psychological trickery

will work to help keep farmers from shooting lions.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

A) advances

E) determine

I) otherwise

M) spotted

B) boundaries

F) devising

J) predators

N) testimonies

C) challenging

G) elsewhere

K) primarily

O) wrestle

D) currently

H) nevertheless

L) retorted

Section B

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each

statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the

information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a

letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

Resilience Is About How You Recharge, Not How You Endure

[A] As constant travelers and parents of a 2-year-old, we sometimes fantasize about how much work we

can do when one of us gets on a plane, undistracted by phones, friends, or movies. We race to get all our

ground work done: packing, going through security, doing a last-minute work call, calling each other,

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then boarding the plane. Then, when we try to have that amazing work session in flight, we get nothing

done. Even worse, after refreshing our email or reading the same studies over and over, we are too

exhausted when we land to soldier on with (继续处理） the emails that have inevitably still piled up.

[B] Why should flying deplete us? We're just sitting there doing nothing. Why can't we be tougher —more resilient (有复原力的）and determined in our work so we can accomplish all of the goals we set

for ourselves? Based on our current research, we have come to realize that the problem is not our hectic

schedule or the plane travel itself; the problem comes from a misconception of what it means to be

resilient, and the resulting impact of overworking.

[C] We often take a militaristic, “tough” approach to resilience and determination like a Marine pulling

himself through the mud, a boxer going one more round, or a football player picking himself up off the

ground for one more play. We believe that the longer we tough it out, the tougher we are, and therefore

the more successful we will be. However, this entire conception is scientifically inaccurate.

[D] The very lack of a recovery period is dramatically holding back our collective ability to be

resilient and successful. Research has found that there is a direct correlation between lack of recovery

and increased incidence of health and safety problems. And lack of recovery — whether by disrupting

sleep with thoughts of work or having continuous cognitive arousal by watching our phones — is

costing our companies $ 62 billion a year in lost productivity.

[E] And just because work stops, it doesn't mean we are recovering. We “stop” work sometimes at 5pm,

but then we spend the night wrestling with solutions to work problems, talking about our work over

dinner, and falling asleep thinking about how much work we'll do tomorrow. In a study just released,

researchers from Norway found that 7.8% of Norwegians have become workaholics (工作狂）.The

scientists cite a definition of workaholism ” as “ being overly concerned about work, driven by an

uncontrollable work motivation, and investing so much time and effort in work that it impairs other

important life areas.”

[F] We believe that the number of people who fit that definition includes the majority of American

workers, which prompted us to begin a study of workaholism in the U.S. Our study will use a large

corporate dataset from a major medical company to examine how technology extends our working hours

and thus interferes with necessary cognitive recovery, resulting in huge health care costs and turnover

costs for employers.

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[G] The misconception of resilience is often bred from an early age. Parents trying to teach their children

resilience might celebrate a high school student staying up until 3am to finish a science fair project.

What a distortion of resilience! A resilient child is a well-rested one. When an exhausted student goes to

school, he risks hurting everyone on the road with his impaired driving; he doesn't have the cognitive

resources to do well on his English test; he has lower self-control with his friends; and at home, he is

moody with his parents. Overwork and exhaustion are the opposite of resilience and the bad habits we

acquire when we're young only magnify when we hit the workforce.

[H] As Jim Loehr and Tony Schwartz have written, if you have too much time in the performance zone,

you need more time in the recovery zone, otherwise you risk burnout. Gathering your resources to “ try

hard” requires burning energy in order to overcome your currently low arousal level. It also worsens

exhaustion. Thus the more imbalanced we become due to overworking, the more value there is in

activities that allow us to return to a state of balance. The value of a recovery period rises in proportion

to the amount of work required of us.

[I] So how do we recover and build resilience? Most people assume that if you stop doing a task like

answering emails or writing a paper, your brain will naturally recover, so that when you start again later

in the day or the next morning, you'll have your energy back. But surely everyone reading this has had

times when you lie in bed for hours, unable to fall asleep because your brain is thinking about work. If

you lie in bed for eight hours, you may have rested, but you can still feel exhausted the next day. That's

because rest and recovery are not the same thing.

[J] If you're trying to build resilience at work, you need adequate internal and external recovery periods.

As researchers ZijIstra, Cropley and Rydstedt write in their 2014 paper: “Internal recovery refers to the

shorter periods of relaxation that take place within the frames of the work day or the work setting in the

form of short scheduled or unscheduled breaks, by shifting attention or changing to other work tasks

when the mental or physical resources required for the initial task are temporarily depleted or exhausted.

External recovery refers to actions that take place outside of work—e.g. in the free time between the

work days, and during weekends, holidays or vacations.” If after work you lie around on your bed and

get irritated by political commentary on your phone or get stressed thinking about decisions about how

to renovate your home, your brain has not received a break from high mental arousal states. Our brains

need a rest as much as our bodies do.

[K] If you really want to build resilience, you can start by strategically stopping. Give yourself the

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resources to be tough by creating internal and external recovery periods. Amy Blankson describes how

to strategically stop during the day by using technology to control overworking. She suggests

downloading the Instant or Moment apps to see how many times you turn on your phone each day. You

can also use apps like Offtime or Unplugged to create tech free zones by strategically scheduling

automatic airplane modes. The average person turns on their phone 150 times every day. If every

distraction took only 1 minute, that would account for 25 hours a day.

[L] In addition, you can take a cognitive break every 90 minutes to charge your batteries. Try to not have

lunch at your desk, but instead spend time outside or with your friends — not talking about work. Take

all of your paid time off, which not only gives you recovery periods, but raises your productivity and

likelihood of promotion.

[M] As for us, we've started using our plane time as a work-free zone, and thus time to dip into the

recovery phase. The results have been fantastic. We are usually tired already by the time we get on a

plane, and the crowded space and unstable internet connection make work more challenging. Now,

instead of swimming upstream, we relax, sleep, watch movies, or listen to music. And when we get off

the plane, instead of being depleted, we feel recovered and ready to return to the performance zone.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

36. It has been found that inadequate recovery often leads to poor health and accidents.

37. Mental relaxation is much needed, just as physical relaxation is.

38. Adequate rest not only helps one recover, but also increases one's work efficiency.

39. The author always has a hectic time before taking a flight.

40. Recovery may not take place even if one seems to have stopped working.

41. It is advised that technology be used to prevent people from overworking.

42. Contrary to popular belief, rest does not equal recovery.

43. The author has come to see that this problem results from a misunderstanding of the meaning of

resilience.

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44. People's distorted view about resilience may have developed from their upbringing.

45. People tend to think the more determined they are, the greater their success will be.

Section C

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or

unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should

decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through

the centre.

Passage One

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.

Children with attention problems in early childhood were 40% less likely to graduate from high

school, says a new study from Duke University.

The study included 386 kindergarteners from schools in the Fast Track Project, a multi-site clinical

trial in the U.S. that in 1991 began tracking how children developed across their lives.

With this study, researchers examined early academic attention and socio-emotional skills and how

each contributed to academic success into young adulthood.

They found that early attention skills were the most consistent predictor of academic success, and

that likability by peers also had a modest effect on academic performance.

By fifth grade, children with early attention difficulties had lower grades and reading achievement

scores than their peers. As fifth-graders, children with early attention problems obtained average reading

scores at least 3% lower than their contemporaries' and grades at least 8% lower than those of their peers.

This was after controlling for IQ, socio-economic status and academic skills at school entry.

Although these may not seem like large effects, the impact of early attention problems continued

throughout the children's academic careers. Lower reading achievement scores and grades in fifth grade

contributed to reduced grades in middle school and thereby contributed to a 40% lower high school

graduation rate.

“The children we identified as having attention difficulties were not diagnosed with attention

deficit hyperactivity disorder (注意力缺乏多动症）（ADHD), although some may have had the disorder.

Our findings suggest that even more modest attention difficulties can increase the risk of negative

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academic outcomes,” said David Rabiner, an associate dean of Duke's Trinity College of Arts & Sciences,

whose research has focused on ADHD and interventions to improve academic performance in children

with attention difficulties.

Social acceptance by peers in early childhood also predicted grades in fifth grade, Children not as

liked by their first-grade peers had slightly lower grades in fifth grade, while those with higher social

acceptance had higher grades.

“ This study shows the importance of so-called ‘ non-cognitive ' or soft skills in contributing to

children's positive peer relationships, which, in turn, contribute to their academic success，” said Kenneth

Dodge, director of the Duke Center for Child and Family Policy.

The results highlight the need to develop effective early interventions to help those with attention

problems stay on track academically and for educators to encourage positive peer relationships, the

researchers said.

“We're learning that student success requires a more comprehensive approach, one that incorporates

not only academic skills but also social, self-regulatory and attention skills,” Dodge said. “If we neglect

any of these areas, the child's development lags. If we attend to these areas, a child's success may

reinforce itself with positive feedback loops.”

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

46. What is the focus of the new study from Duke University?

A) The contributors to children's early attention.

B) The predictors of children's academic success.

C) The factors that affect children's emotional well-being.

D) The determinants of children's development of social skills.

47. How did the researchers ensure that their findings are valid?

A) By attaching equal importance to all possible variables examined.

B) By collecting as many typical samples as were necessary.

C) By preventing them from being affected by factors not under study.

D) By focusing on the family background of the children being studied.

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48. What do we learn from the findings of the Duke study?

A) Modest students are generally more attentive than their contemporaries.

B) There are more children with attention difficulties than previously thought.

C) Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder accounts for most academic failures.

D) Children's academic performance may suffer from even slight inattention.

49. What does the Duke study find about children better accepted by peers?

A) They do better academically. C) They are teachers' favorites.

B) They are easy to get on with. D) They care less about grades.

50. What can we conclude from the Duke study?

A) Children's success is related to their learning environment.

B) School curriculum should cover a greater variety of subjects.

C) Social skills are playing a key role in children's development.

D) An all-round approach should be adopted in school education.

Passage Two

Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.

On Jan. 9,2007, Steve Jobs formally announced Apple's “revolutionary mobile phone”— a device

that combined the functionality of an iPod, phone and Internet communication into a single unit,

navigated by touch.

It was a huge milestone in the development of smartphones, which are now owned by a majority of

American adults and are increasingly common across the globe.

As smartphones have multiplied, so have questions about their impact on how we live and how we

work. Often the advantages of convenient, mobile technology are both obvious and taken for granted,

leaving more subtle topics for concerned discussion: Are smartphones disturbing children's sleep? Is an

inability to get away from work having a negative impact on health? And what are the implications for

privacy?

But today, on the 10th anniversary of the iPhone, let's take a moment to consider a less obvious

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advantage: the potential for smartphone technology to revolutionize behavioral science. That's because,

for the first time in human history, a large proportion of the species is in continuous contact with

technology that can record key features of an individual's behavior and environment.

Researchers have already begun to use smartphones in social scientific research, either to query

people regularly as they engage in their normal lives or to record activity using the device's built-in

sensors. These studies are confirming, challenging and extending what's been found using more

traditional approaches, in which people report how they behaved in real life or participate in relatively

short and artificial laboratory-based tasks.

Such studies are just first steps. As more data are collected and methods for analysis improve,

researchers will be in a better position to identify how different experiences, behaviors and environments

relate to each other and evolve over time, with the potential to improve people's productivity and

wellbeing in a variety of domains. Beyond revealing population-wide patterns, the right combination of

data and analysis can also help individuals identify unique characteristics of their own behavior, including

conditions that could indicate the need for some form of intervention—such as an unusual increase in

behaviors that signal a period of depression.

Smartphone-based data collection comes at an appropriate time in the evolution of psychological

science. Today, the field is in transition, moving away from a focus on laboratory studies with

undergraduate participants towards more complex, real-world situations studied with more diverse groups

of people. Smartphones offer new tools for achieving these ambitions, providing rich data about everyday

behaviors in a variety of contexts.

So here's another way in which smartphones might transform the way we live and work: by offering

insights into human psychology and behavior and, thus, supporting smarter social science.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

51. What does the author say about the negative impact of smartphones?

A) It has been overshadowed by the positive impact.

B) It has more often than not been taken for granted.

C) It is not so obvious but has caused some concern.

D) It is subtle but should by no means be overstated.

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52. What is considered a less obvious advantage of smartphone technology?

A) It systematically records real human interactions.

B) It helps people benefit from technological advances.

C) It brings people into closer contact with each other.

D) It greatly improves research on human behavior.

53. What characterizes traditional psychological research?

A) It is based on huge amounts of carefully collected data.

B) It relies on lab observations and participants' reports.

C) It makes use of the questionnaire method.

D) It is often expensive and time-consuming.

54. How will future psychological studies benefit individuals?

A) By helping them pin down their unusual behaviors.

B) By helping them maintain a positive state of mind.

C) By helping them live their lives in a unique way.

D) By helping them cope with abnormal situations.

55. What do we learn about current psychological studies?

A) They are going through a period of painful transition.

B) They are increasingly focused on real-life situations.

C) They are conducted in a more rigorous manner.

D) They are mainly targeted towards undergraduates.

Part IV Translation (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into

English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

近年来，中国政府进一步加大体育馆建设投资，以更好地满足人们快速增长的健身需求。除了新建体育馆外，许多城市还采取了改造旧工厂和商业建筑等措施，来增加当地体育馆的数量。在政府资金的支持下，越来越多的体育馆向公众免费开放，或者只收取少量费用。许多体育馆通过应用

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现代信息技术大大提高了服务质量。人们可以方便地在线预订场地和付费。可以预见，随着运动设施的不断完善，愈来愈多的人将会去体育馆健身。

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

2018年12月大学生英语六级真题试卷参考答案

一、听力

1.C) Take a picture of him.

2.A) Gaining great fame on the Internet.

3.B) Editing his pictures and posting them online.

4.A) They are far from satisfactory.

5.D) A series of interviews with outstanding physicists.

6. B) The origin of the universe.

7. D) Why there is a universe at all..

8.C) The universe formed due to a sufficient amount of matter.

9.B) She woke up speaking with a different accent.

10.A) It is usually caused by a stroke or brain injury.

11.C)Russian.

12.D) Books about swimming.

13.B) She published a guide to London's best swimming spots.

14.D) They were fully dressed when swimming.

15.C) She was the first woman to swim across the English Channel.

16.A) Build a machine that can detect lies.

17.B) They are sceptical of its reliability.

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18.A)It is not to be trusted at all.

19.C) Each village there speaks a totally different language.

20.C) More are found in tropical regions than in the mild zones.

21.D) There is no conclusive account for the cause of language diversity.

22.A) Its middle-class is disappearing.

23.B) They could realize their dreams through hard work.

24.D) Full employment.

25.C) Hire part-time employees only.

二、阅读理解

26.A) advances

27.I) otherwise

28.F) devising

29.J) predators

30.B) boundaries

31.G) elsewhere

32.K) primarily

33.M) spotted

34.D) currently

35.E) determine

36.D

37.J

38.L

39.A

2018年12月大学生英语六级真题试卷参考答案

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40.E

41.K

42.I

43.B

44.G

45.C

46.B) The predictors of children's academic success.

47.C) By preventing them from being affected by factors not under study.

48.D) Children's academic performance may suffer from even slight inattention.

49.A) They do better academically.

50.D) An all-round approach should be adopted in school education.

51.C) It is not so obvious but has caused some concern.

52.D) It greatly improves research on human behavior.

53.B) It relies on lab observations and participants' reports.

54.A) By helping them pin down their unusual behaviors.

55.B) They are increasingly focused on real-life situations.

三、翻译

【参考译文】

In recent years, the Chinese government has further increased investment in gymnasium construction

to better meet people's rapidly growing fitness needs. In addition to building new gymnasiums, many

cities have taken measures to increase the number of local gymnasiums by renovating old factories and

commercial buildings. With government funding, more and more stadiums are open to the public free of

charge or for a small fee. Many gymnasiums greatly improve the quality of service by applying modern

information technology. People can easily book venues and pay for them online. It can be predicted that

with the continuous improvement of sports facilities, more and more people will go to the gym.

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