2024年3月9日发(作者:iphone5s运行内存多大)
初中短暂性动词与延续性动词语法讲解
根据有无含义,动词可分为实义动词和助动词;根据动词所表示的是
动作还是状态,可以分为行为动词和状态动词;根据动词所表示的动
作能否延缓,分为延续性动词和终止性动词。
(一)持续性动词: 表示动作通常是持续性的,如:
live,run,stay,clean,play,hold,watch,teach,read,study,teach,eat,drink,write
,dance, sing,smoke
①常与段时间连用。例如:Mr Zhang has lived here for two years.张
先生在这儿住了两年了。
He has taught there since 1987.自1987年来他一直在那儿教书。
②不与点时间连用(do, have, eat等除外)。例如:Mary has worked at
eight. (×)She walked at five yesterday. (×)
(二)瞬间性动词: 表示动作开始即停止,如:
open,stop,like,love,die,win,close,shot,begin,start
enter,finish,arrive,borrow,buy,break,close,come,fall,go,leave,lend,mary,r
each,receive , sell,等。
1,从“开始发生”到 “结束/终止”:
几乎同时或在极短的时间里(如‘几秒钟/几分钟内’)就完
成了“开始—结束”的过程,如 “Close the door”, “Open the door”
2,有些瞬间动词的“开始—结束的过程” 可能稍微长一些,但也不
会很长的,如,
“buy sth(买下)”:付了款、拿了发票即完成了。
所以, “我买了这块手表5年了”,在汉语中说的通,但英语的表达
就不能说:
I have bought the watch for five years.
buy sth ---- have sth (拥有)---have/has + had sth for…
A: I have had the watch for 5 years.
B: It is (has been) five years since I bought the watch.
C: I bought it 5 years ago.
同理, “borrow sth” “借书”在办理了相关的‘登记’手续后就 结
束了,不可能“借” 几个星期 或好几年的! 汉语“这本书我已经
借用了2星期了。” 的意思是:
“我两周前 (borrowed it),(在归还前)现在它还在我手里(I still have
it or I’m still reading it.)
Right or Wrong
A: I have borrowed the book for two weeks. . (×)
B: I have had / kept it for two weeks.
C: It’s 2 weeks since I borrowed it.
D: I borrowed it 2 weeks ago.
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