短暂性动词与延续性动词语法讲解

短暂性动词与延续性动词语法讲解


2024年3月9日发(作者:iphone5s运行内存多大)

初中短暂性动词与延续性动词语法讲解

根据有无含义,动词可分为实义动词和助动词;根据动词所表示的是

动作还是状态,可以分为行为动词和状态动词;根据动词所表示的动

作能否延缓,分为延续性动词和终止性动词。

(一)持续性动词: 表示动作通常是持续性的,如:

live,run,stay,clean,play,hold,watch,teach,read,study,teach,eat,drink,write

,dance, sing,smoke

①常与段时间连用。例如:Mr Zhang has lived here for two years.张

先生在这儿住了两年了。

He has taught there since 1987.自1987年来他一直在那儿教书。

②不与点时间连用(do, have, eat等除外)。例如:Mary has worked at

eight. (×)She walked at five yesterday. (×)

(二)瞬间性动词: 表示动作开始即停止,如:

open,stop,like,love,die,win,close,shot,begin,start

enter,finish,arrive,borrow,buy,break,close,come,fall,go,leave,lend,mary,r

each,receive , sell,等。

1,从“开始发生”到 “结束/终止”:

几乎同时或在极短的时间里(如‘几秒钟/几分钟内’)就完

成了“开始—结束”的过程,如 “Close the door”, “Open the door”

2,有些瞬间动词的“开始—结束的过程” 可能稍微长一些,但也不

会很长的,如,

“buy sth(买下)”:付了款、拿了发票即完成了。

所以, “我买了这块手表5年了”,在汉语中说的通,但英语的表达

就不能说:

I have bought the watch for five years.

buy sth ---- have sth (拥有)---have/has + had sth for…

A: I have had the watch for 5 years.

B: It is (has been) five years since I bought the watch.

C: I bought it 5 years ago.

同理, “borrow sth” “借书”在办理了相关的‘登记’手续后就 结

束了,不可能“借” 几个星期 或好几年的! 汉语“这本书我已经

借用了2星期了。” 的意思是:

“我两周前 (borrowed it),(在归还前)现在它还在我手里(I still have

it or I’m still reading it.)

Right or Wrong

A: I have borrowed the book for two weeks. . (×)

B: I have had / kept it for two weeks.

C: It’s 2 weeks since I borrowed it.

D: I borrowed it 2 weeks ago.


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