2024年5月18日发(作者：)

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专题 10 推理判断题之人物性格推断

技法指导

人物性格推断题考查对文章中出现的人物性格进行分析和推断的能力，解答此类题时，首先要把握文

章的主要思想或抓住文中列举的具体事实，要特别注意所描写人物的语言以及其言谈举止中流露出的情绪，

情感等。充分利用表达情感色彩、主观态度和个人观点的词语来推断人物的性格。

牢记常见有关人物性格的词语

able 有才干的,能干的； adaptable 适应性强的active 主动的,活跃的； aggressive 有进取心的ambitious 有

雄心壮志的； amiable 和蔼可亲的amicable 友好的； analytical 善于分析的apprehensive 有理解力的；

audacious 大胆的,有冒险精神的； capable 有能力的,有才能的careful 办理仔细的； competent 能胜任的；

constructive 建设性的cooperative 有合作精神的； creative 富创造力的dedicated 有奉献精神的； dependable

可靠的diplomatic 老练的,有策略的； disciplined 守纪律的dutiful 尽职的； well--educated 受过良好教育

的efficient 有效率的； energetic 精力充沛的expressivity 善于表达； faithful 守信的,忠诚的frank 直率的,

真诚的； generous 宽宏大量的 gentle 有礼貌的humorous 有幽默； impartial 公正的independent 有主见

的； industrious 勤奋的ingenious 有独创性的； motivated 目的明确的intelligent 理解力强的； learned 精

通某门学问的logical 条理分明的； methodical 有方法的modest 谦虚的； objective 客观的precise 一丝不

苟的； punctual 严守时刻的realistic 实事求是的； responsible 负责的sensible 明白事理的； sporting 光

明正大的steady 踏实的； systematic 有系统的purposeful 意志坚强的； sweet-tempered 性情温和的

temperate 稳健的； tireless 孜孜不倦的

精练必刷题

A

Devon Gallagher, a college graduate from Philadelphia, wants the world to know exactly where she's been

during her worldwide vacation in a special way.

The traveler, who was born with a bone disease, had her right leg amputated (截肢) at the age of four.

Although the amputation caused setbacks for Gallagher early on, she now sees it as nothing short of inspiration for

living her best life.

To spread that message, Gallagher has taken to social media, where she shares photos of her travels across the

globe, but instead of simply using a geo-tagging, she writes her location across her artificial leg before taking a

picture.

Now she has been taking pictures across the Continent, which show her cycling over the canal in Amsterdam

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relaxing on a wall overlooking the city of Barcelona, posing with a waffle in Brussels, taking spectacular pictures in

Athens and enjoying a river cruise in Budapest, all with the well-known locations written on her artificial leg.

“I get a new leg every two years and I can choose the design on it. One day I had a sudden thought to get a

chalkboard，” Gallagher said. “My mum and grandmother weren't too keen on the idea, but my friends thought it

was great and told me to go for it, so I did.”

Gallagher said people often stare when she's writing on her leg, but once she shares the photos, she receives

only positive feedback. “My leg hasn't stopped me from doing anything I've wanted to do，” she said. “I don't know

if it's my determination to prove to myself that I can do it, but regardless, I've been able to keep up with my peers

and lead a pretty great life.”

Gallagher shows us that you should never let anything stand in the way of your dreams. And if life gives you

an artificial leg, make art.

1．What message did Gallagher want to spread in her special way?

A．She enjoys her traveling across the globe.

B．She suffers little from her leg amputation.

C．She looks on her misfortune as another form of blessing.

D．She has exactly fallen in love with posting photos online.

2．What does the word “which” underlined in Paragraph 4 refer to?

A．The Continent. B．The pictures.

C．The leg. D．The locations.

3．Gallagher can best be described as ________.

A．helpful and ambitious

B．friendly and generous

C．determined and creative

D．independent and sensible

4．Which of the following might be the best title for the text?

A．Never Too Late to Share

B．A Special Artificial Leg

C．An Outstanding Photographer

D．Gallagher's Summer Holidays

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B

Outside the Houses of Parliament there stands a statue of Richard Ⅰ seated on his horse as evidence that he

was one of England’s bravest and greatest kings ... or was he?

It appears that he hadn’t much interest in being king. In his ten years (1189－1199) as king, he only spent a

few months in England. Little did the English people owe (欠) him for his services, and heavily did they pay for his

adventures. King Richard loved war, not so much for political ends, but as other men love science or poetry, for the

excitement of the struggle. He earned the title “Lion Heart” as he was a brave warrior. A man of blood and violence,

Richard was as ready to forgive as he was quick to offend (冒犯). As an outstanding military leader, his political

schemes had no clear purpose. When, on the journey to the East, Messina in Sicily was won by his arms he was

easily persuaded to share it with his faithless ally, Philip Augustus. The rich acquisition of Cyprus was cast away

even more easily than it was won. His life was one remarkable parade, which, when ended, left only an empty

plain.

In 1199, when the difficulties of raising money for the endless war were at their height, good news was

brought to King Richard. A treasure of wonderful quality was said to have been unearthed near the castle of Chaluz.

The King claimed this treasure but the lord of Chaluz resisted the demand. It was while attacking the castle that

Richard was shot by a crossbow bolt (弩箭) in the shoulder. The wound was serious, and the Lion Heart knew that

he must pay a soldier’s debt. He arranged his affairs; he divided his personal belongings among his friends. He

ordered the archer who had shot him to be brought before him. Richard gave him some money and set him free.

King Richard died at the age of 41 from this wound. The throne (王位) passed to his brother John. A sad end

for the Lion Heart, and also for poor Bertram the archer. Despite the King’s pardon he was hanged.

5．What does the author imply by saying the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2?

A．The English paid low taxes.

B．The English showed little respect for him.

C．The English received little protection from him.

D．The English had no real reason to feel grateful to him.

6．Richard’s behaviour as death approached showed his________.

A．calm and kindness

B．devotion and romance

C．bravery and self-control

D．wisdom and correctness

7．What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A．Richard broke his word at last.

B．Richard was pulled down by his brother.

C．Richard regretted having a life of fighting.

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D．Richard failed to influence his brother’s decision.

C

On March 30, 1867, the United States signed a treaty (条约) to buy what would later become its largest state.

U．S. Secretary of State William Seward agreed to pay D|S7.2 million to Russia for Alaska.

Russia had established permanent settlements in Alaska beginning in the late 1700s. (At the time, the area was

already home to tens of thousands of native Alaskans.) But after losing an expensive war with England and France

in the 1850s, Russia badly needed money. Its leaders turned to the U．S. to sell the territory (领土), and Seward

was eager to buy. He thought that having a huge territory along the northern Pacific Ocean would make it easier for

the U．S. to trade with countries in Asia. Though much of Alaska was unexplored, Seward believed it had

abundant resources that could lead to a boom in the fur trade, fishing, and other industries.

The Alaska Purchase was approved quickly by the U．S. Senate (参议院) and signed by President Andrew

Johnson.

Despite the bargain price of roughly two cents an acre, the Alaska Purchase was ridiculed in Congress (国会)

and in the press as “Seward’s folly”. Critics believed the land was worthless — nothing more than snow and ice.

But any question about Alaska’s value was forgotten after several major discoveries of gold during the 1880s

and 1890s. As word spread, an estimated 100,000 people flocked there, hoping to strike it rich. It made critics

change their tune. Unfortunately, Seward never got to see his decision acknowledged for the great accomplishment

it was, as he passed away in 1872, before the gold reserves had been found. Today, “Seward’s Day” is celebrated in

Alaska on the last Monday of March each year, in honor of Seward’s purchasing the Alaskan territory from Russia.

Nowadays, Alaska is still recognized for its wealth of natural resources. Two of its biggest industries are oil

and fishing. Alaska has also turned into a tourist destination for people who love the outdoors. Each year, nearly 2

million people visit Alaska to see its scenic national parks and abundant wildlife.

8．Why did Russia sell Alaska?

A．The U．S. made a very high bid.

B．Because of its preparations for war.

C．Because of the history of native Alaskans.

D．Russia was suffering from financial problems.

9．Which can best replace the underlined word “folly” in Paragraph 4?

A．Illegal trade.

C．Stupid act.

B．Smart idea.

D．Fair deal.

10．It was proved that Seward ________.

A．was hotheaded

C．made a huge mistake

B．was far-sighted

D．made a great sacrifice

11．What is the last paragraph mainly about?

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A．Alaska’s culture.

B．Alaska’s economy.

C．Alaska’s land ownership.

D．Alaska’s climate and wildlife.

答案：

A

语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Devon Gallagher在四岁时因患骨科疾病右腿被截肢，但是这并没有影

响她对梦想的追求。她到世界各地旅行，并将自己的旅行情况写在假肢上并拍照片发到社交媒体。她的故

事告诉人们：不要让任何东西阻碍你追求梦想。

1. 解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Although the amputation ... she now sees it as nothing short

of inspiration for living her best life.”并结合第三段的内容可知，她想要传达的信息是她将自己的不幸看作是

另一种形式的幸运，故C项正确。

2. 解析：选B 代词指代题。根据第四段第一句中的“Now she has been taking pictures across the Continent,

which show her cycling over the canal in Amsterdam”分析该句结构可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为

pictures, which指代先行词，在从句中作主语，故B项正确。

3. 解析：选C 推理判断题。阅读全文可知，Devon Gallagher在四岁时因患骨科疾病右腿被截肢，但是这

并没有影响她对梦想的追求；她到世界各地旅行，并将自己的旅行情况写在假肢上并拍照片发到社交媒体。

据此可推知，Devon Gallagher有毅力而且有创造力，故C项正确。

4. 解析：选B 标题归纳题。根据文章最后一句“And if life gives you an artificial leg, make art.”并结合全文内

容可知，文章主要讲述了Devon Gallagher虽然被截肢，但是这并没有影响她对梦想的追求，她到世界各地

旅行，并将自己的旅行情况写在假肢上并拍照片发到社交媒体。故B项最适合作文章标题。

词汇积累：

inspiration n. 灵感；鼓舞；吸气；妙计

inspire vt.激发；鼓舞；启示；产生；使生灵感

inspirit vt.激励，鼓舞；使振奋

cruise n. 乘船游览，游船度假

keen on 喜爱；热衷于…

stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事

determination n. 决心；果断；测定

determined adj. 决定了的；坚决的

lead a pretty great life 过着美好的生活

misfortune n. 不幸；灾祸，灾难

fall in love with 爱上

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refer to 指的是

sensible adj. 明智的；通情达理的；合乎情理的

B

语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了英格兰国王——“狮心王”理查一世。

5. 解析：选D 推理判断题。由第二段中的“In his ten years (1189－1199) as king, he only spent a few months in

England.”和画线部分后的“heavily did they pay for his adventures”以及下文提到的理查国王热衷于征战可知，

他不关心百姓民生，没有做什么让人民感激的事。

6. 解析：选A 推理判断题。第三段后半部分提到理查国王知道自己将不久于人世后妥善安排了自己的后

事，将个人财产送给了朋友，而且原谅了射伤自己的敌兵，将他释放。这些做法充分展示了国王面对死亡

的平静坦然和仁慈之心。

7. 解析：选D 推理判断题。由最后一段中的“Despite the King’s pardon he was hanged.”可知，理查国王的

继承者无视他的命令将射伤他的凶手判以绞刑，故D项正确。

词汇积累：

there stand … 矗立着……

statue n. 雕像，塑像

pay for 为…付出代价

adventure n. 冒险；冒险精神；投机活动

political adj. 政治的；党派的

poetry n. 诗；诗意，诗情；诗歌艺术

poem n. 诗 复数 poems

poet n. 诗人 复数 poets

military adj. 军事的

scheme n. 计划；组合；体制；诡计

journey n. （尤指长途）旅行，行程

ally n. 同盟国；伙伴；同盟者；

acquisition n. 获得物，获得；收购

cast away 扔掉;抛弃

parade n. 游行

remarkable adj. 卓越的；非凡的；值得注意的

plain n. 平原；无格式；朴实无华的东西

raise money 集资;筹款;筹钱;筹集资金

treasure n. 财富，财产；财宝；珍品

unearth vt. 发掘；揭露，发现；从洞中赶出

belongings n. [经] 财产，所有物

set … free v. 释放；使获得自由

imply vt. 意味；暗示；隐含

show respect for 对…表示尊重

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correctness n. 正确性

break his word 食言

C

语篇解读：本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国于1867年以低价从俄国购买阿拉斯加的历史。

8. 解析：选D 细节理解题。由第二段中的“But after losing an expensive war with England and France in the

1850s, Russia badly needed money ... sell the territory”可知，当时的俄国因为战争而遭遇经济困难，故卖掉阿

拉斯加。

9. 解析：选C 词义猜测题。由上文的“Despite the bargain price of roughly two cents an acre, the Alaska

purchase was ridiculed”及下文的“Critics believed the land was worthless”可推断，批评者认为阿拉斯加毫无价

值，并嘲笑Seward购买阿拉斯加一事是愚蠢的行为。故C项恰当。

10. 解析：选B 推理判断题。由第二段中的“Seward was eager to buy ... other industries”及第五段中的“several

major discoveries of gold”以及最后一段中的“Alaska is still recognized for its wealth of natural resources.”可推

断，Seward当时对阿拉斯加的价值预测是正确的，可见他很有远见。

11. 解析：选B 段落大意题。最后一段介绍了阿拉斯加与其自然资源紧密相关的经济产业，如石油业、渔

业、旅游业等。故该段主要介绍阿拉斯加的经济。

词汇积累：

sign vt. 签署

establish v. 建立，创立

permanent adj. 永久的，永恒的

be home to 是…的家园

expensive adj. 昂贵的

be eager to 盼望，渴望要做…

trade with 从事贸易；和…做贸易；与…做生意

abundant adj. 丰富的；充裕的；盛产的

boom n. 繁荣

bargain n. 交易；便宜货；契约

roughly adv. 粗糙地；概略地

worthless adj. 无价值的；不值钱的

value n. 值；价值；价格

word n. 消息 [u]

accomplishment n. 成就；完成

in honor of 向…致敬，向…表示敬意；为庆祝…

turn into 变成;变为

bid n. （尤指拍卖中的）出价；（收购某一公司股份的）出价

sacrifice n. 牺牲；祭品；供奉

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