2024年4月28日发(作者：)

英语专业考研：什么是翻译

信息来源：北京环球时代学校

这篇文章来自环球时代英语专业考研保过班的内部资料，希望同学们有所帮助！

什么是翻译？翻译是把一种语言所表达的思维内容用另一种语言表达出来的语言活动，它

包含着一个对原文含义的理解逐步深入，对原文含义的表达逐步完善的过程。

翻译的标准：忠实而通顺。

1. The heavily laden infantry, though enjoying a superiority of six-to-one, simply could not keep

to schedule and lost 60000 men in one day.

2. Primarily the Allied task was to utilize the resources of two great nations with the

decisiveness of single authority.

论述文体的汉译要点

1. 透彻理解原文，首先是准确掌握词义。必须注意研究如何辨析词义，正确判断词在具体

的上下文中的涵义，必须比较熟练地掌握各种译词的手段。

2. 论述文重视逻辑论证，翻译前必须仔细阅读原文，抓住中心，分析作者的论点和论证环

节。

3. 注意汉语论述文的用词倾向和风格。行文不宜过于通俗，即用俚语、俗语或方言，但也

同时避免文白夹杂、不伦不类。

翻译英语句子的基本程序

1. 紧缩主干：识别谓语形态。

2. 辨析词义：判断确定词义。

3. 区分主从：判断各成分之间的内在联系。

4. 捋清层次：推断句子思维逻辑发展形式

5. 调整搭配：调整各层次语序。

6. 润饰词语：炼词炼句。

1——4属于理解阶段；5——6属于表达阶段

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英语的一词多义

例：story

1. This war is becoming the most important story of this generation.

2. It’s quite another story now.

3. Last December, the Post first reported that probes were being made in each of those cities,

but officials refused to confirm the story

4. Some reporters who were not included in the session broke the story.

5. He will be very happy if that story holds up.

6. The story of that actress is one of the saddest.

依靠上下文是辨析英语词义最重要的依据

例：light

Light music; light loss; light heart; light step; light outfit; light voice; light work; light metal

This light is too poor to read by.

Will you light the fire for me?

练习：

1. Although the recession has reached every corner of the planet, the impact is uneven.

2. The world is scraping bottom in the deepest economic slump in a half-century.

3. The functions of the federal government have expanded so much that there are few aspects

of national life outside the area of its interests, if not its regulation.

词义的引申是英汉翻译的常用方法。它是对原文词义的延续或扩展，不能脱离原文词义的基

本范围，不能带有随意性和主观武断性。

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