2024年3月16日发(作者：)

考研英语（翻译）历年真题试卷汇编4

(总分70,考试时间90分钟)

2. Reading Comprehension

Section II Reading Comprehension

Part CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into

Chinese.

花园怎样反映人类的基本诉求——2013年英译汉及详解It is speculated that gardens arise

from a basic need in the individuals who made them: the need for creative expression. There is no

doubt that gardens evidence an impossible urge to create, express, fashion, and beautify and that

self-expression is a basic human urge;【F1】Yet when one looks at the photographs of the gardens

created by the homeless, it strikes one that, for all their diversity of styles, these gardens speak of

various other fundamental urges, beyond that of decoration and creative of these

urges had to do with creating a state of peace in the midst of turbulence, a "still point of the

turning world," to borrow a phrase from T. S. Eliot.【F2】A sacred place of peace, however crude it

may be, is a distinctly human need, as opposed to shelter, which is a distinctly animal

distinction is so much so that where the latter is lacking, as it is for these unlikely gardens, the

former becomes all the more urgent. Composure is a state of mind made possible by the

structuring of one"s relation to one"s environment.【F3】The gardens of the homeless which are in

effect homeless gardens introduce form into an urban environment where it either didn" t exist or

was not discernible as so doing they **posure to a segment of the inarticulate environment

in which they take their r urge or need that these gardens appear to respond to, or to

arise from is so intrinsic that we are barely ever conscious of its abiding claims on us. When we

are deprived of green, of plants, of trees,【F4】most of us give into a demoralization of spirit which

we usually blame on some psychological conditions, until one day we find ourselves in garden and

feel the expression vanish as if by most of the homeless gardens of New York City the

actual cultivation of plants is unfeasible, yet even so **positions often seem to represent attempts

to call arrangement of materials, an introduction of colors, small pool of water, and a frequent

presence of petals or leaves as well as of stuffed animals. On display here are various fantasy

elements whose reference, at some basic level, seems to be the natural world.【F5】It is this implicit

or explicit reference to nature that fully justifies the use of word "garden" though in a"liberated"

sense, to describe these synthetic them we can see biophilia—a yearning for

contact with nonhuman life—assuming uncanny representational forms.

1. 【F1】

2. 【F2】

3. 【F3】

4. 【F4】

5. 【F5】

基于经济利己主义的环保制度不可取——2010年英译汉及详解One basic weakness in a

conservation system based wholly on economic motives is that most members of the **munity

have no economic value. Yet these creatures are members of the **munity, and if its stability

depends on its integrity, they are entitled to one of these non-economic

categories is threatened and, if we happen to love it. We invert excuses to give it economic

importance. At the beginning of century songbirds were supposed to be disappearing.【F1】

Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects

would eat us up if birds failed to control evidence had to be economic in order to be

is painful to read these roundabout accounts today. We have no land ethic yet,【F2】but we

have at least drawn near the point of admitting that birds should continue as a matter of intrinsic

right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us.A parallel situation exists

in respect of predatory mammals and fish-eating birds.【F3】Time was when biologists somewhat

overworked the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically

weak, or that they prey only on "worthless" again, the evidence had to be economic

in order to be valid. It is only in recent years that we here the more honest argument that predators

are members of **munity, and that no special interest has the right to exterminate them for the

sake of benefit, real or fancied, to species of tree have been "read out of the party" by

economics-minded foresters because they grow too slowly, or have too low a sale value to pay as

timber crops.【F4】In Europe, where forestry is ecologically more advanced, the **mercial tree

species are recognized as members of native **munity, to be preserved as such, within

er some have been found to have a valuable function in building up soil fertility.

The interdependence of the forest and its constituent tree species, ground flora, and fauna is taken

for sum up: a system of conservation based solely on economic self-interest is

hopelessly lopsided.【F5】It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the

**munity that **mercial value, but that are essential to its healthy assumes, falsely,

I think, that the economic parts of the biotic clock will function without the uneconomic parts.

6. 【F1】

7. 【F2】

8. 【F3】

9. 【F4】

10. 【F5】

法律教育对于新闻报道事业的意义——2007年英译汉及详解The study of law has been

recognized for centuries as a basic intellectual discipline in European universities. However, only

in recent years has it become a feature of undergraduate programs in Canadian universities.【F1】

Traditionally, legal learning has been viewed in such institutions as the special preserve of lawyers,

rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated y, the older

and more continental view of legal education is establishing itself in a number of Canadian

universities and some have even begun to offer undergraduate degrees in the study of law is

beginning to establish itself as part and parcel of a general education, its aims and methods should

appeal directly to journalism educators. Law is a discipline which encourages responsible

judgment. On the one hand, it provides opportunities to analyze such ideas as justice, democracy

and freedom.【F2】On the other, it links these concepts to everyday realities in a manner which is

parallel to the links journalists forge on a daily basis as they cover **ment on the