2024年2月6日发(作者：)

风电术语词汇表（中英文）

风电词汇

风力发电机组

1风力机wind turbine

2风力发电机组wind turbine generator system(WTGS) 3风电场wind power station;wind farm

4水平轴风力机horizontal axis wind turbine

5垂直轴风力机vertical axis wind turbine

6轮毂(风力机）hub(for wind turbine)

7机舱nacelle

8支撑结构（风力机）support structure

9关机（风力机）shutdown

10紧急关机（风力机）emergency shutdown

11空转idling

12锁定blocking

13停机parking

14静止standstill

15制动器brake

16停机制动parking brake

17风轮转速rotor speed

18控制系统control system

19保护系统protection system

设计和安全参数

20设计工况design sitution

21载荷工况load case

22外部条件external conditions

23设计极限design limits

24极限状态limit state

25使用极限状态serviceability limit states

26极限限制状态ultimat limit state

27安全寿命safe life

28严重故障catastrophic failure

29潜伏故障latent fault;dormant failure

应力stress

应变strain

疲劳fatigue

载荷load, loads

等效载荷equivalent load

静态载荷static load

动态载荷dynamic load

载荷谱load spectrum

强度strength

挥舞flapwise

摆振edgewise

弯矩bending moment

质量mass

质量矩mass moment

阻尼damping

模态mode

模态分析modal analysis

固有频率natural frequency

激振excitation

风特性

30风速wind speed

31风矢量wind velocity

32旋转采样风矢量rotationally sampled wind velocity 33额定风速rated wind speed

34切入风速cut-in wind speed

35切出风速cut out wind speed

36年平均annual average

37年平均风速annual average wind speed

38平均风速mean wind speed

39极端风速extrme wind speed

40安全风速survival wind speed(deprecated) 41参考风速reference wind speed

42风速分布wind speed distribution

43瑞利分布RayLeigh distrbution

44威布尔分布Weibull distribution

45风切变wind shear

46风廓线风切变律wind profile;wind shear law

47风切变指数wind shear exponent

48对数风切变律logarithmic wind shear law

49风切变幂律power law for wind shear

50下风向down wind

51上风向up wind

52阵风gust

53粗糙长度roughness length

54湍流强度turbulence intensity

55湍流尺度参数turbulence scale parameter

56湍流惯性负区inertial sub-range

57风场wind site

58测风参数measurement parameters

59测风位置measurement seat

60最大功率maximum wind speed

61风功率密度wind power density

62风能密度wind energy density

63日变化diurnal variation

64年变化annual variation

65轮毂高度hub height

66风能wind energy

67标准大气压standard atmospheric state

68风切变影响influence by the wind shear

69阵风影响gust influence

70风速频率frequency of wind speed

71环境environment

72工作环境operational environment

73气候climate

74海洋性气候ocean climate

75大陆性气候continental climate

76露天气候open-air climate

77室内气候indoor climate

78极端j extreme

79日平均值daily mean

80极端最高extreme maximum

81年最高annual maximum

82年最高日平均温度annual extreme daily mean

temperature 83月平均温度mean monthly temperature

84空气湿度air humidity

85绝对湿度absolute humidity

86相对湿度relative humidity

87降水precipitation

88雨rain

89冻雨freezing rain

90霜淞rime

91雨淞glaze

92冰雹hail

93露dew

94雾fog

95盐雾salt fog

of

96雷暴thunderstorm

97雪载snow load

98标准大气压standard air pressure

99平均海平面mean sea level

100海拔altitude

101辐射通量radiant flux

102太阳辐射solar radiation

103直接太阳辐射direct solar radiation

104天空辐射sky radiation

105太阳常数so;ar constant

106太阳光谱solar spectrum

107黑体black body

108白体white body

109温室效应greenhouse effect

110环境温度ambient temperture

111表面温度surface temperture

与电网连接

112互连（风力发电机组）interconnection(for WTGS)

113输出功率output power

114额定功率rated power

115电网连接点net-work connection point

116电力汇集系统power collection system

117风场电器设备site electrical facilities

功率特性测试

118功率特性power performance

119净电功率输出net electric power output

120功率系数power coefficient

121自由流风速free stream wind speed

122扫掠面积swept area

123测量功率曲线measured power curve

124外推功率曲线extrapolated power curve

125年发电量annual energy production

126可利用率avail-ability

127数据组(测试功率特性）date set（for power performance

measurement) 128精度accuracy

129测量误差uncertainty in measurement

130分组方法method of bins

131测量周期measurement period

132测量扇区measurement sector

133距离常数distance constant

134实验场地test site

135气流畸变flow distortion

136障碍物obstacls

137复杂地形带complex terrain

138风障wind break

139声压级sound pressure level

140声级weighted sound pressure level;sound level

141视在声功率apparent sound power level

142指向性directivity

143音值tonality

144声的基准风速acoustic reference wind speed

145标准风速standardized wind speed

146基准高度reference height

147基准粗糙长度reference roughness length

148基准距离reference distance

149掠射法grazing angle

150比恩法method bins

151标准误差standard uncertainty

152风能利用系数rotor power coefficient

153力矩系数torque coefficient

154额定来力矩系数rated torque coefficient

155起动力矩系数starting torque coefficient

156最大力矩系数maximum torque cofficient

157过载度ratio of over load

158风力发电机组输出特性output characteristic of WTGS

159调节特性regulating characteristic

160平均噪声average noise level

161机组效率efficiency of WTGS

162使用寿命service life

163度电成本cost per kliowatt hour of electrcity generated

by WTGS

风轮

164风轮wind rotor

165风轮直径rotor diameter

166风轮扫掠面积rotor swept area

167风轮仰角tilt angle of rotor shaft

168风轮偏航角yawing angle of rotor shaft

169风轮额定速度rated turning speed of rotor

170风轮最高转速maximum turning speed of rotor

171风轮尾流rotor wake

172尾流损失wake losses

173风轮实度rotor solidity

174实度损失solidity losses

175叶片数number of blades

176叶片blade

177等截面叶片constant chord blade

178变截面叶片variable chord blade

179叶片投影面积projected area of blade

180叶片长度length of blade

181叶根root of blade

182叶尖tip of blade

183叶尖速度tip speed

184桨距角pitch angle

185翼型airfoil

186前缘leading edge

187后缘tailing edge

188几何弦长geometric chord of airfoil

189平均几何弦长mean geometric chord of airfoil

190气动弦线aerodynamic chord of airfoil

191翼型厚度y thickness of airfoil

192翼型相对厚度relative thickness of airfoil

193厚度函数thickness function of airfoil

194中弧线mean line

195弯度degree of curvature

196弯度函数curvature function of airfoil

197翼型族the family of airfoil

198叶片跟梢比ratio of tip-section chord to root-section

chord 199叶片展弦比aspect ratio

200叶片安装角setting angle of blade

201叶片扭角twist of blade

202叶片几何攻角angle of attack of blade

203叶尖损失tip losses

204叶片损失blade losses

205颤振flutter

206迎风机构orientation mechanism

207调速机构regulating mechanism

208风轮偏侧式调速机构regulating mechanism of turning

wind rotor out of the wind sideward

209变桨距调节机构regulating machanism by adjusting the

pitch of blade 210整流罩nose cone

211顺桨feathering

212阻尼板spoiling flap

213风轮空气动力特性aerodynamic characteristics of rotor

214叶尖速度比（高速性系数）tip-speed ratio

215额定叶尖速度比（标准高速

性系数）

rated tip-speed ratio

216升力系数lift coefficient

217阻力系数drag coefficient

218推或拉力系数thrust coefficient

219传动比c transmission ratio

220齿轮gear

221齿轮副gear pair

222平行轴齿轮副gear pair with parallel axes 223齿轮系train

of gears

224行星齿轮系planetary gear train

225小齿轮pinion

226大齿轮wheel,gear

227主动齿轮driving:gear

228从动齿轮driven gear

229行星齿轮planet gear

230行星架planet carrier

231太阳轮sun gear

232内齿圈ring gear

233外齿轮external gear

234内齿轮internal gear

传动系统

235内齿轮副internal gear pair

236增速齿轮副speed increasing gear pair

237增速齿轮系speed increasing gear train

238中心距center distance

239增速比speed increasing ratio

240齿面tooth flank

241工作齿面working flank

242非工作齿面non-working flank

243模数module

244齿数number of teeth

245啮合干涉meshing interference

246齿廓修形profile modification

247啮合engagement:mesh

248齿轮的变位addendum modification on gears 249变位齿轮gears with addendum modification 250圆柱齿轮cylindrical

gear

251直齿圆柱齿轮spur gear

252斜齿圆柱齿轮helical gear;single-helical gear 253节点pitch point

254节圆pitch circle

255齿顶圆tip circle

256齿根圆root circle

257直径和半径diameter and radius

258齿宽face width

259齿厚tooth thickness

260压力角pressure angle

261圆周侧系circumferential backlash

262蜗杆worm

263涡轮worm wheel

264联轴器coupling

265刚性联轴器rigid coupling

266万向联轴器universal coupling

267安全联轴器security coupling

268齿tooth

269齿槽tooth space

270斜齿轮helical gear

271人字齿轮double-helical gear

272齿距pitch

273法向齿距normal pitch

274轴向齿距axixl pitch

275齿高tooth depth

276输入轴input shaft

277输出轴output shaft

278柱销pin

279柱销套rooler

280行星齿轮传动机构planetary gear drive mechanism 281中心轮z center gear

282单级行星齿轮系single planetary gear train

283多级行星齿轮系multiple-stage planetary gear train 284柔性齿轮flexible gear

285刚性齿轮rigidity gear

286柔性滚动轴承flexible rolling bearing

287输出联接outputing coupling

288刚度rigidity

289扭转刚度torsional rigidity

290弯曲刚度flexural rigidity

291扭转刚度系数coefficient of torsional rigidity 292起动力矩starting torque

293传动误差transmission error

294传动精度transmission accuracy

295固有频率natureal frequency

296弹性联接elastic coupling

297刚性联接rigid coupling

298滑块联接oldham coupling

299固定联接integrated coupling

300齿啮式联接dynamic coupling

301花键联接splined coupling

302牙嵌式联接castellated coupling

303径向销联接radial pin coupling

304周期振动periodic vibration

305随机振动random vibration

306峰值piak value

307临界阻尼critical damping

308阻尼系数damping coefficient

309阻尼比damping ratio

310减震器vibration isolator

311振动频率vibration frequency

312幅值amplitude

313位移幅值displacement amplitude

314速度幅值velocity amplitude

315加速度幅值acceleration amplitude

发电机

316同步电机synchronous generator

317异步电机asynchronous generator

318感应电机induction generator

319转差率slip

320瞬态电流transient current

321笼型cage

322绕线转子wound rotor

323绕组系数winding factor

324换向器commutator

325集电环collector ring

326换向片commutator segment

327励磁响应excitation response

制动系统

328制动系统braking system

329制动机构brake mechanism

330正常制动系normal braking system

331紧急制动系emergency braking system 332空气制动系air

braking system

333液压制动系hydraulic braking system

334电磁制动系electromagnetic braking system 335机械制动系mechanical braking system 336辅助装置auxiliary device

337制动器释放braking releasing

338制动器闭合brake setting

339液压缸hydraulic cylinder

340溢流阀relief valve

341泄油drain

342齿轮马达gear motor

343齿轮泵gear pump

344电磁阀solenoid valve

345液压过滤器hydraulic filter

346液压泵hydraulic pump

347液压系统hydraulic system

348油冷却器oil cooler

349压力控制器pressure control valve

350压力继电器pressure switch

351减压阀reducing vavle

352安全阀safty valve

353设定压力setting pressure

354切换switching

355旋转接头rotating union

356压力表pressure gauge

357液压油hydraulic fluid

358液压马达hydraulic motor

359油封oil seal

360刹车盘brake disc

361闸垫brake pad

362刹车油brake fluid

363闸衬片braking lining

偏航系统

364滑动制动器sliding shoes

365偏航yawing

366主动偏航active yawing

367被动偏航passive yawing

368偏航驱动yawing driven

369解缆untwist

塔架

370塔架tower

371独立式塔架free stand tower

372拉索式塔架guyed tower

373塔影响效应influence by the tower shadow

控制与监测系统

374远程监视telemonitoring

375协议protocol

376实时real time

377单向传输simplex transmission

378半双工传输half-duplex transmission

379双工传输duolex transimission

380前置机front end processor

381运动终端remote terminal unit(RTU)

382调制解调器modulator-demodulator(modem)

383数据终端设备data terminal equipment(DTE)

384接口interface

385数据电路data cercuit

386信息information

387状态信息state information

388分接头位置信息tap position information

389监视信息monitored information

390事件信息event information

391设备故障信息equipment failure information

392返回信息return information

393告警alarm

394设定值set point value

395累计值integrated total;integrated value

396瞬态测值instantaneous measured

397计量值counted measured, metered measured,metered

reading 398确认acknowledgement

399信号x signal

400模拟信号analog signal

401命令command

402字节byte

403位；比特bit

404地址address

405波特baud

406编码encode

407译码decode

408代码code

409集中控制centralized control

410可编程序控制programmable control

411微机程控minicomputer program control 412模拟控制analogue control

413数字控制digital control

414强电控制strong current control

415弱电控制weak current control

416单元控制unit control

417就地控制local control

418连锁装置inter locker

419模拟盘analogue board

420配电盘switch board

421控制台control desk

422紧急停车按钮emergency stop push-button 423限位开关limit switch

424限速开关limit speed switch

425有载指示器on-load indicator

426位置指示器position indicator

427屏幕显示screen display

428指示灯display lamp

429起动信号starting signal

430公共供电点point of common coupling 431闪变flicker

432数据库data base

433硬件hardware

434硬件平台hardware platform

435层layer;level;class

436模型model

437响应时间response time

438软件software

439软件平台software platform

440系统软件system software

441自由脱扣trip-free

442基准误差j basic error

443一对一控制方式one-to-one control mode

444一次电流primary current

445一次电压primary voltage

446二次电流secondary current

447二次电压secondary voltage

448低压电器low voltage apparatus

449额定工作电压rated operational voltage

450额定工作电流rated operational current

451运行管理operation management

452安全方案safety concept

453外部条件external conditions(for WTGS)

454失效failure

455故障fault

456控制柜control cabinet

457冗余技术redundancy

458正常关机normal shutdown(for wind turbines)

459失效-安全fail-safe

460排除故障clearance

461空转idling(for wind turbines)

462外部动力源external power supply

463锁定装置locking device

464运行转速范围operating rotational speed range

465临界转速activation rotational speed

466最大转速maximum rotational speed

467过载功率over power(for wind turbines)

468临界功率activation power(for wind tur bines)

469最大功率maximum power(for wind turbines)

470短时切出风速short-term cut-out wind speed

471外联机试验field test with turbines

472试验台test-bad

473台架试验test on bed

474防雷系统lightning protection system(LPS)

475外部防雷系统external lightning protection system

476内部防雷系统internal lightning protection system

477等电位连接equipotential bonding

478接闪器air-termination system

479引下线down-conductor

480接地装置earth-termination system

481接地线earth conductor

482接地体earth electrode

483环形接地体ring earth electrode

484基础接地体foundation earth electrode

485等电位连接带bonding bar

486等电位连接导体bonding conductor

487保护等级protection lever

488防雷区lightning protection zone(LPZ)

489雷电流lightning current

490电涌保护器surge suppressor

491共用接地系统common earthing system

492接地基准点earthing reference points(ERP)

493持续运行continuous operation

494持续运行的闪变系数flicker coefficient for contionuous

operation

495闪变阶越技术flicker step factor

496最大允许功率maximum permitted power

497最大测量功率maximum measured power

498电网阻抗相角network impedence phase angle 499正常运行normal operation

500功率采集系统power collection system

501额度视在功率rated apparent power

502额定电流rated current

503额度无功功率rated reactive power

504停机standstill

505起动start-up

506切换运行switching operation

507扰动强度turbulence intensity

508电压变化系数voltage change factor

509风力机端口wind turbine terminals

510风力机最大功率maximum power of wind turbine 511风力机停机parked wind turbine

512安全系数safety system

513控制装置control device

514额度负载rated load

515周期period

516相位phase

517频率frequency

518谐波harmonics

519瞬时值instantaneous value

520同步synchronism

521振荡oscillation

522共振resonance

523波wave

524辐射radiation

525衰减attenuation

526阻尼damping

527畸变distortion

528电electricity

529电的electric

530静电学electrostatics

531电荷electric charge

532电压降voltage drop

533电流electric current

534导电性conductivity

535电压d voltage

536电磁感应electromagnetic induction

537励磁excitation

538电阻率resistivity

539导体conductor

540半导体semiconductor

541电路d electric circuit

542串联电路series circuits

543电容capacitance

544电感inductance

545电阻resistance

546阻抗impedance

547电抗reactance

548传递比transfer ratio

549交流电压alternating voltage

550交流电流alternating current

551脉动电压pulsating voltage

552脉动电流pulsating current

553直流电压direct voltage

554直流电流direct current

555瞬时功率instantaneous power

556有功功率active power

557无功功率reactive power

558有功电流active current

559无功电流reactive current

560功率因数power factor

561中性点neutral point

562相序sequential order of the phases

563电器元件electrical device

564接线端子terminal

565电极electrode

566地earth;ground

567接地电路earthed circuit

568接地电阻resistance of anearthed conductor;earth

resisitance 569绝缘子insulator

570绝缘套管insulating bushing

571母线busbar

572线圈coil

573螺线管solenoid

574线阻winding

575电阻器resistor

576电感器inductor

577电容器capacitor

578继电器relay

579电能转换器electric energy transducer

580电机electric machine

581发电机generator

582电动机motor

583变压器transformer

584变流器converter

585变频器frequency converter 586整流器rectifier

587逆变器inverter

588传感器sensor

589耦合器electric coupling

590放大器amplifier

591振荡器oscillator

592滤波器filter

593半导体元件semiconductor device 594光电器件photoelectric device 595触头contact

596开关设备switchgear

597控制设备controlgear

598闭合电路closed circuit

599断开电路open circuit

600通断switching operation 601联结connection

602串联series connection

603并联parallel cinnection 604星形联结star connection

605三角形联结delta connection

606主电路main circuit

607辅助电路auxiliary circuit

608控制电路control circuit

609信号电路signal circuit

610保护电路protective circuit

611换接change-over switching 612换向commutation

613输入功率input power

614输入input power

615输出outpower

616负载load

167加载to load

618充电to charge

619放电to discharge

620有载运行on-load operation 621空载运行no-load

operation 622开路运行open-circuit operation 623短路运行short-circuit operation 624满载full load

625效率efficiency

626损耗loss

627过电压over -voltage

628过电流over-current

629欠电压under-voltage

630特性characteristic

631绝缘物insulant

632隔绝to isolate

633绝缘insulant

634绝缘电阻insulation resistance 635品质因数quality factor

636泄漏电流leakage current

637闪烙flash over

638短路运行short circuit

639噪声noise

640极限值limiting value

641额定值rated value

642定额rating

643环境条件environment condition 644使用条件service

conditions

645工况operating conditions 646额度工况rated condition

647负载比duty ratio

648绝缘比insulation level

649介质试验dielectric test

650常规试验routine test

651抽样试验sampling test

652验收试验acceptance test

653投运试验commissioning test 654维护试验maintenance

test

655加速accelerating

656特性曲线characteristic curves 657额定电压rated voltage

658额度频率rated frequency

659额度转速rated speed

660温升temperature rise

661温度系数temperature coefficient 662端电压terminal

voltage

663短路电流short circuit current 664可靠性reliability

665有效性availability

666耐久性durability

667维修maintenance

668维护preventive maintenance 669工作时间operating time

670待命时间standby time

671修复时间repair time

672寿命life

673使用寿命useful life

674平均寿命mean life

675耐久性试验endurance test

676寿命试验life test

677可靠性测定试验reliability determination

678现场可靠性试验field reliability test

679加速试验accelerated test

680安全性fail safe

681应力stress

682强度strength

683试验数据test data

684现场数据field data

685电触头electrical contact

686主触头main contact

687击穿breakdown

688耐电压proof voltage

689放电electrical discharge

690透气性air permeability

691电线电缆electric wire and cable

692电力电缆power cable

693通信电缆telecommunication cable;communication cable

694油浸式变压器oil-immersed type transformer

695干式变压器dry-type transformer

696自藕变压器auto-transformer

697有载调压变压器transformer fitted with OLTC(on-load tap-changer) 698空载电流non-load current

699阻抗电压impedance voltage

700电抗电压reactance voltage

701电阻电压resistance voltage

702分接tapping

703配电电器distributing apparatus

704控制电器control apparatus

705开关设备switch

706熔断器fuse

707断路器circuit breaker

708控制器controller

709接触器j contactor

710机械寿命mechanical endurance

711电器寿命electrical endurance

712旋转电机x electrical endurance

713直流电机direct current machine

714交流电机alternating cirrent machine

715同步电机synchronous machine

716异步电机asynchronous machine

717感应电机induction machine

718励磁机exciter

719饱和特性saturation characteristic

720开路特性open-circuit characteristic

721负载特性load characteristic

722短路特性short-circuit characteristic

723额定转矩rated load torque

724规定的最初起动转矩specified breakaway torque

725交流电动机的最初启动电流specified breakaway starting

current of an a.c 726同步转速synchronous speed

727转差率slip

728断路比short-circuit ratio

729同步系数synchronous coefficient

730空载no-load

731系统system

732触电electric shock

733正常状态normal condition

734接触电压touch voltage

735跨步电压step voltage

736对地电压voltage to earth

737触电电流shock current

738残余电流residual current

739安全阻抗safety impedance

740安全距离safe distance

741安全标志safety marking

742安全色safty color

743中性点有效接地系统system with effectively earthed

neutral

744检修接地inspection earthing

745工作接地working earthing

746保护接地protective earthing

747重复接地iterative earth

748故障接地fault earthing

749过电压保护over-voltage protection

750过电流保护over-current protection

751短相保护open-phase protection

752防尘dust-protected

753防溅protected against splashing

754防滴protected against dropping

755防浸水protected against the effects of immersion 756过电流保护装置over-current protective

757保护继电器protective relay

758接地开关earthing switch

759漏电断路器residual current circuit breaker

760灭弧装置arc-control device

761安全隔离变压器safety isolating transformer

762避雷器surge arreester;lightning arrester

763保护电容器capacitor for voltage protection

764安全开关safety switch

765限流电路limited current circuit

766振动vibration

767腐蚀corrosion

768金属腐蚀cirrosion of metals

769化学腐蚀h chemical corrosion

770点腐蚀spot corrosion

771贮存storage

772贮存条件storage condition

773运输条件y transportation condition

774空载最大加速度maximum bare table acceleration

电力金具

775悬垂线夹suspension clamp

776乃张线夹strain clamp

777挂环link

778挂板clevis tongue

779球头挂环ball-eye

780球头挂钩ball-hook

781U型挂环shackle

782U形螺钉U-bolt

783联板yoke plate

784牵引板towing plate

785挂钩hook

786吊架hanger

787调整板adjusting plate

788花篮螺栓turn buckle

789接续管splicing sleeve

790补修管repair sleeve

791跳线线夹jumper clamp

792防震锤damper

793均压环garding ring

794屏蔽环shielding ring

795间隔棒spacer

796重锤counter weight

797线卡子guy clip

798心形环thimble

799设备线夹terminal connector

800T形线夹T-connector

801螺母线固定金具bus-bar support

802母线间隔垫bus-bar separator

803母线伸缩节bus-bar expansion joint

804外观检查visual inspection

805振动试验vibration tests

806老化试验ageing tests

807冲击动荷试验impulse load tests