2024年1月26日发(作者：)

高考词汇词性变化规律：动词类变化

词性变化之动词类

1

.动词+后缀-y变为名词

deliver —delivery

运送

discover —discovery

发现

recover — recovery

康复；恢复

2

.动词+后缀-ing变为名词

begin — beginning

开始；开端

build — building

建筑〔物〕

cross—crossing

十字路口

end—ending

结局；结尾

engine —engineering

工程

feel—feeling

感觉

hear—hearing

听力

market — marketing

促销

meet

—meeting

会议

paint — painting

绘画；油画

spend—spending

花销

suffer—suffering

苦难

train—training

练习；培养

3 .动词+后缀-ment变为名词

acquire —acquirement n.取得

accomplish —accomplishment

成就

achieve —achievement

成就

adjust —adjustment

调整；调节

amuse—amusement

愉快；快乐；消遣

announce —announcement

宣告；述说

appoint —appointment

约会；预约；任命

argue—argument

争论

arrange —arrangement

安排

assess —assessment

评估

assign —assignment

分配；任务

astonish —astonishment

惊讶

develop —development

开展

disappoint —disappointment

失望

embarrass —embarrassment

为难

employ —employment

雇用

enjoy—enjoyment

享受；欢乐

entertain —entertainment

款待；娱乐

equip—equipment

设备

establish —establishment

建立

govern —government

统治；政府

improve —improvement

提升

judge—judgement

判断

move - movement

运动；移动

punish -punishment

惩罚

settle-settlement

定居；解决

state-statement

陈述；说明

4 .动词+后缀-ive变为形容词

act-active

积极的

attract -attractive

吸引人的

cooperate -cooperative

合作的

impress -impressive给人印象深刻的

protect - protective

保护的

relate -relative

相关的

sense-sensitive

敏感的

object-objective

客观的

negative消极的

passive被动的

positive积极的

subjective

主观的

5

.动词+后缀-able变为形容词

accept —acceptable

可接受的

adjust —adjustable

可调节的

admire —admirable

令人钦佩的

afford —affordable

负担得起的

change —changeable

易变的

comfort —comfortable

舒服的

consider —considerable

重要的；相当大的

desire—desirable值得做的；可取的

enjoy—enjoyable令人愉快的

favour—favourable赞成的；有利的

forget —forgettable

健忘的

honour — honourable

可敬的；荣耀的

reach — reachable可获得的；可到达的

reason —reasonable

合理的

rely—reliable可靠的；可信赖的

remark — remarkable

不平凡的

suit—suitable

适宜的

understand —understandable

可理解的

value —valuable

珍贵的

6

.动词+后缀-ed变为形容词

absorb—absorbed专心的；聚精会神的

accustom —accustomed

习惯的

balance —balanced

平衡的

bury—buried

专心的

complicate —complicated

复杂的

determine —determined

坚决的；有决心的

devote —devoted

忠实的

experience —experienced

有经验的

learn—learned

博学的

limit—limited

有限的

organize —organized

有组织的

suppose —supposed

应该的

relate —related

相关的

skill—skilled

熟练的

unite—united联合的；统一的

7

.动词+后缀-ing/ + -ed变为形容词

amuse—amusing好笑的；有趣的—amused愉快的

astonish —astonishing

令人惊讶的—astonished

感到惊讶的

bore — boring

令人厌烦的—bored

厌烦的

confuse —confusing

令人迷惑的—confused

感到迷惑的

convince —convincing

令人信服的—convinced

坚信不移的

depress —depressing

令人沮丧的—

depressed

沮丧的

disappoint —disappointed

失望的—disappointing

令人失望的

disturb—disturbing

令人不安的；引起烦恼的

—disturbed

扰乱的；

精神失常的

embarrass —embarrassing

令人为难的一embarrassed

为难的

excite—exciting

令人兴奋的

—excited

兴奋的

frighten —frightening

令人害怕的—frightened

害怕的

relax — relaxing使人放松的—relaxed轻松的

satisfy—satisfying

令人满意的—satisfied

对满意的

shock—shocking

令人震惊的—shocked

震惊的

surprise —surprising

令人吃惊的—surprised

吃惊的

tire—tiring令人疲劳的—tired疲劳的

8 .动词+后缀-tion变为名词

accelerate —acceleration

加速

accumulate —accumulation

积累

adapt—adaptation

适应；改编

addict—addiction

沉溺；嗜好

admire —admiration

羡慕

advocate —advocation

拥护

apply—application

申请

appreciate —appreciation

感谢；欣赏

assume —assumption

假定；设想

celebrate —celebration

庆祝

classify—classification

分类；归类

combine —combination

联合

congratulate —congratulation

祝贺

construct —construction

建筑物

consume —consumption

消费

contradict —contradiction

反驳

contribute —contribution

奉献

cooperate —cooperation

合作

correct —correction

改正；纠正

create—creation

创造；创立

declare —declaration

宣言；公告

decorate

—decoration

装饰

decorate —decoration

装饰

determine —determination

决心

digest —digestion

消化

elect—election

竞选；选举

erupt—eruption

火山爆发

evaluate —evaluation

评估

exhibit—exhibition

展览；展览会

expect —expectation

期望；期待

fascinate —fascination

魅力；入迷

graduate —graduation

毕业

graduate —graduation

毕业

hesitate —hesitation

犹豫；踌躇

imagine —imagination

想象

immigrate —immigration

迁移；移居

indicate —indication

指示；暗示

infect—infection

传染

interrupt —interruption

中断

object—objection

反对

occupy —occupation

占领；占据

organize —organization

组织

pollute —pollution

污染

predict —prediction

预言

prepare —preparation

准备

protect — protection

保护

recommend —recommendation

推荐；介绍reflect—reflection

思考；反映

regulate —regulation

规那么；规章

reject — rejection

拒绝；抛弃

relax — relaxation

放松

satisfy —satisfaction

满意；满足

starve—starvation

挨饿；饿死

substitute —substitution

代替；取代

translate —translation

译

transport —transportation

交通

9

.动词+后缀-ure变为名词

press — pressure

压力

please—pleasure

乐事；快乐

expose —exposure

暴露；揭发

fail—failure

失败

mix—mixture

混合物

10

.动词+后缀-sion变为名词

admit—admission

容许；成认

permit — permission

允许

impress —impression

印象

express —expression

表情；表达

revise —revision

复习

possess —possession

拥有

conclude —conclusion

结论

confuse —confusion

困惑；混淆

decide —decision

决定

11

.动词/形容词+后缀-ance变为名词

guide—guidance

指导

tolerate —tolerance

宽容

ignore—ignorance

无知；愚昧

appear—appearance

出现

important —importance

重要〔性〕

elegant —elegance

优雅大方

assist —assistance

援助

resist— resistance

反抗

guide—guidance

指导

annoy—annoyance

恼怒

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