2024年4月25日发(作者：360强力删除的文件怎么恢复)

高三英语培优外刊阅读

班级：____________学号：____________姓名：____________

外刊精选｜韩国敲响“催生”警钟：不愿生娃的年轻人

韩国统计局近期发布的数据显示，2018年韩国的生育率仅为0.98，再创历史新低，并

成为了目前世界上唯一步入出生率“零时代”的国家。按照当前趋势预测，2028年后韩国就

将迎来人口负增长。为什么韩国年轻人不愿意生孩子？低生育率将对韩国社会造成哪些影

响？

Birth rate in South Korea hit rock bottom

South Korea’s fertility rate - the number of births per woman - plummeted to an

unprecedented low of 0.98 in 2018, as revealed by the latest government data.

The decline made South Korea again the lowest in birth rates among developed countries,

while even Japan, a country that has grappled with this issue for years, had a higher rate of 1.42 in

2018.

The tumbling fertility rate has led to a host of predicaments including a slowing economy,

growing debt and underfunded pensions. Billions have been poured into a number of initiatives,

such as free day-care services and cash incentives for mums-to-be, yet the government’s efforts

bear little fruit.

One principal factor driving the trend is the status of women in this deeply patriarchal nation,

where many women are marrying and starting families later in life amid concerns about workplace

discrimination. Spiralling housing prices and worsening career prospects for young people are not

helping matters either.

Quite a reversal from the current scenario, South Korea had wrestled with the demographic

challenge of too many babies around 50 years ago, when the rate was as high as six babies per

woman in 1960, and the military government was subsidising sterilization and pushing for smaller

families.

【词汇过关】

请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。

e [dɪˈklaɪn ]n. _______________________

ng [ˈtʌmbəlɪŋ ]adj._______________________

ament [prɪˈdɪkəmənt] n._______________________

[ˈspaɪərəl] vi. _______________________

ct [ˈprɒspekt] n. _______________________

al [rɪˈvɜːsəl] n. _______________________

ize [ˈsʌbsədaɪz ]vt. _______________________

【词块学习】

请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。

1.生育率____________________________________________

2.创新低；跌入、陷入谷底____________________________________________

3.生育率____________________________________________

4.跌到历史最低____________________________________________

5.艰难地应对……____________________________________________

6.导致____________________________________________

7.许多____________________________________________

8.经济放缓____________________________________________

9.不断增长的债务____________________________________________

10.养老金不足____________________________________________

11豪掷____________________________________________

12.许多____________________________________________

13.没有成果；收效甚微____________________________________________

14.推动某个趋势____________________________________________

15.父权国家____________________________________________

16.出于对……的顾虑/担忧____________________________________________

17.艰难应对____________________________________________

18.人口的挑战____________________________________________

拓展练习

阅读理解

This is an excerpt from a speech at the United Nations headquarters given by Emma Watson,

who starred in Harry Potter series.

Today we are launching a campaign (called “He For She”). I am reaching out to you because

we need your help. We want to end gender inequality, and to do this, we need everyone involved.

This is the first campaign of this kind in the UN. We want to try to involve as many men and boys

as possible to be advocates for change.

I started questioning gender-based assumption a long time ago. When I was 8, I was confused

being called bossy because I wanted to direct a play that we put on for our parents, but the boys

were not. When I was 14, I started to be sexualized by certain elements of the media. At 15, my

girlfriends started dropping out of a lot of sports teams because they didn’t want to appear

masculine(

男性化的

). At 18, my male friends were unable to express their feelings.

I decided that I was a feminist (

女权主义者

). This seemed uncomplicated to me. But my

recent research has shown me that feminism has become an unpopular word. Women are choosing

not to identify as feminists. Why has the word become such an uncomfortable one? I’m from

Britain and I think it is right that I am paid the same as my male counterparts. I think it is right that

I should make decisions about my own body. I think it is right that women be involved on my

behalf in the policies and decisions that will affect my life. I think it is right that socially, I am

afforded the same respect as men.

But sadly, I can say that there is no one country in the world where all women can expect to

receive these rights. No country in the world can yet say that they have achieved gender equality.

These rights, I considered to be human rights, but I am one of the lucky ones.

My life is a sheer privilege because my parents didn’t love me less because I was born a

daughter. My school did not limit me because I was a girl. My tutors didn’t assume that I would

end up nowhere because I might give birth to a child one day. These influences were the gender

equality ambassadors that made me who I am today. They may not know it but they are the

unintentional feminists who are changing the world today. We need more of those.

Men, I would like to take this opportunity to extend you a formal invitation. Gender equality

is your issue, too. Because to date, I’ve seen young men suffering from mental illness, unable to

ask for help for fear it will make them less of a man, or less of men. I’ve seen men made fragile

and insecure by false sense of male success. Men don’t have the benefits of equality, either. Both

men and women should feel free to be sensitive; both men and women should be free to be strong.

This is what “He For She” is about. It’s about freedom.

You might be thinking: who is this Harry Potter girl? What is she doing at the UN? I’ve been

asking myself at the same thing. All I know is that I care about this problem and I want to make it

better. And having seen what I’ve seen and given the chance, I feel my responsibility to say

something. Statesman Edmund Burke said all that is needed for the forces of evil to triumph is for

good men and women to do nothing.

In my nervousness for this speech and in my moment of doubt, I told myself firmly: if not me,

who? If not now, when? If you have similar doubts when opportunities are presented to you, I

hope those words would be helpful. Because the reality is that if we do nothing, it will take 75

years, or for me it will be nearly 100 before women can be expected to be paid as same as men for

the same work. 15.5 million girls will be married in the 16 years as children. At current rate, it will

be until 2086 before all rural African girls can have secondary education. We are struggling for a

uniting world, but the good news is that we have a uniting movement. It is called “He For She”. I

am inviting you to step forward, to be seen and to ask yourself: if not me, who? If not now, when?

Thank you.

campaign “He For She” aims to ________.

women more freedom than before

men more freedom than women

e as many men and boys as possible to live a free life

e everyone to struggle for the end of gender inequality

can know from Emma Watson’s personal experience that ________.

sm has become an unpopular word

parents didn’t love her because she was born a daughter

tutors treated her the same way they treated boy students

was called bossy because she didn’t want to appear masculine

does the underlined part in the last but one paragraph mean?

men and women doing nothing lead to the growth of evil forces.

evil forces do nothing, good men and women can win the victory.

evil forces dominate, there’s nothing good men and women can do.

that is necessary for good men and women to do is nothing compared to evil forces.

the speech, Emma calls on people to ________.

ipate in the campaign actively and take action

that men and women should be equally paid

e in her as the spokesperson of Harry Potter series

more attention to both genders suffering from mental illnesses

外刊精选答案

【词汇过关】

请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。

e [dɪˈklaɪn ]n. 下降；下跌

ng [ˈtʌmbəlɪŋ ]adj. 持续暴跌的

ament [prɪˈdɪkəmənt] n. 困境

[ˈspaɪərəl] vi. 螺旋式上升

ct [ˈprɒspekt] n. 前景；未来

al [rɪˈvɜːsəl] n. 彻底转变、反转

ize [ˈsʌbsədaɪz ]vt. 补贴

【词块学习】

请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。

rate生育率

rock bottom创新低；跌入、陷入谷底

ity rate生育率

t to an unprecedented low跌到历史最低

e with艰难地应对……

to导致

7.a host of许多

8.a slowing economy经济放缓

g debt不断增长的债务

unded pensions养老金不足

into豪掷（把钱像流水一般倒入某个地方）

12.a number of许多

little fruit没有成果；收效甚微

a trend推动某个趋势

rchal nation父权国家

concerns about sth.出于对……的顾虑/担忧

e with艰难应对

aphic challenge人口的挑战

【全文翻译】

韩国生育率创新低

据最新政府数据显示，韩国的生育率，即每名妇女的平均生育数量，在2018年降至0.98，

可谓前所未有之低。

此次下滑让韩国再次垫底发达国家出生率排行榜，就连长期深受该问题困扰的日本去年

都以1.42的生育率高于韩国。

生育率的暴跌让韩国陷入诸多窘境，如经济放缓、债务增加以及养老金不足等。韩国政

府豪掷数亿，出台了一系列措施，包括免费的日托服务和给准妈妈的现金激励，但收效甚微。

加剧该趋势的一个主要因素为韩国女性的社会地位。在这个高度父权化的国度，许多女

性因顾虑工作场所的性别歧视问题选择晚婚晚育。不断攀升的房价和日益低迷的年轻人就业

前景也无助于问题的解决。

与当下情形截然不同的是，大概50年前，韩国还在努力应对人口过多的挑战。1960年，

韩国女性的生育率高达6，彼时的韩国军政府通过推行绝育补贴和家庭计生政策来控制人口

数量。

拓展练习阅读理解参考答案

5.D 6.C 7.A 8.A