2024年4月15日发(作者：ipad无法连接appstore)

1. 心理学是研究心理现象的一门科学，主要研究个体心理，包括认知、情绪、动机、

能力和人格等，也研究团体和社会心理。

Psychology is the science of studying psychological phenomenon, mainly

research in the individual psychology, including cognition , emotion , motivation,

ability and personality,etc , also in the study of group and social psychology.

2. 结构心理学是心理学的第一个学派，包括感觉、意象和感情三个基本元素。结构心

理学主张心理学应该研究人们的直接经验，即意识。

Structure psychology is the first school of psychology , including three basic

elements, feeling, image and emotion. Structure psychology asserts that

psychology should be in the study of the direct experience from people , namely

consciousness.

3. 美国著名的心理学家william james是机能心理学的创始人；他认为心理学应该

研究心理在适应环境方面的功能、作用；机能心理学认为意识是一种持续不断、川流不息，

即意识流。

William James , the famous American psychologist, is the founder of the

functional psychology; He thought: psychology should be in the study of the

function and effect of mind in the aspect of adapting to the environment ;

Functional psychology thought that consciousness is a constant and flowing thing ,

namely the stream of consciousness.

4. 美国心理学家华生于1913年创立了行为心理学；华生认为心理学不应该研究意识，

而应该研究可观察的、可测量的行为。

In 1913, Watson,the American psychologist, founded the behavioral

psychology ; Watson thought psychology should study the observable and

measurable behavior,but not the consciousness.

5. 精神分析论是由奥地利精神病学医生弗洛伊德创立的；该理论的基础来源于医学临

床经验，它对心理学乃至人类文化的发展产生了巨大影响；尤其是关于人格研究以及心理

治疗方面更为突出。

Spirit analysis theory was found by the Austria psychiatrist sigmund Freud;The

foundation of this theory comes from the experience of clinical medicine,it

generates enormous influence to the psychology ,even to the development of

human culture ; Especially on the personality research as well as the psychological

treatment is more outstanding.

6. 心理学研究的基本方法有观察法、实验法、调查法和测验法等，它们都涉及对所要

解决的问题进行研究设计；采用合适的搜集资料的方法；按照一定研究程序进行统计检验

的基本过程。

The basic methods of psychology research ,including the methods of

observation, experientation , investigation and examination ,etc , which all involve

to the study design of problem solving ; Use appropriate data collection

methods;and do the basic process of statistical tests under certain research