2024年4月16日发(作者：)

马拉喀什条约 英文版

The Marrakesh Treaty is an international agreement that

was enacted to ensure the rights of the visually impaired and

other print disabled persons to access books and other

printed materials. The treaty was adopted by the member

states of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)

on June 28, 2013, in Marrakesh, Morocco, and entered into

global force on September 30, 2016.

The Marrakesh Treaty aims to provide a legal framework

to allow for the cross-border exchange of accessible format

copies of books and other printed materials for visually

impaired persons without having to obtain permission from

rights holders. This treaty helps to reduce the “book famine”

– a situation in which only a small percentage of books are

available in accessible formats – that affects the visually

impaired.

The following are the steps that led to the enactment of

the Marrakesh Treaty:

1. Identification of the problem: The World Blind Union

and other organizations representing the visually impaired

identified that there was a shortage of accessible format

books and that the rights of the visually impaired to access

these materials were being infringed by copyright laws.

2. Proposing a solution: In 2009, the World Blind Union

proposed a solution to the access problem, which later

culminated in the drafting and development of the Marrakesh

Treaty

3. Drafting of the Treaty: The Marrakesh Treaty was

developed through WIPO, and the negotiations were carried out

by member states, NGOs, and other stakeholders. The final

draft was agreed upon in June 2013.

4. Adoption: The Marrakesh Treaty was adopted by WIPO

member states in Marrakesh, Morocco, on June 28, 2013.

5. Signing: Countries that agree to the treaty are

required to sign it to show their commitment. As of 2021, the

treaty has been signed by 92 countries.

6. Ratification: Each country that signs the treaty must

also ratify it in their national legal systems to make it

effective. As of 2021, the treaty has been ratified by 67

countries.

The Marrakesh Treaty has made a significant impact on

the rights of the visually impaired and other print disabled

persons to access books and other printed materials. The

treaty has also helped to raise awareness of the issue of

book scarcity and the need to provide accessible formats to

those who need them.

In conclusion, the Marrakesh Treaty is a crucial

international agreement that ensures the rights of the

visually impaired and other print disabled persons. The

treaty provides a legal framework for the cross-border

exchange of accessible format copies of books and other

printed materials, helping to alleviate the book famine that

affects those who require them the most. Its development,

adoption, and implementation have been the result of the

efforts of many stakeholders and institutions, and it

continues to receive support globally.