2024年4月5日发(作者：)

Lesson 3 Ships in the Desert

课后练习答案及补充练习

习题全解

I.

1)The writer went to the Aral Sea to search for the underlying causes of

the environmental crisis. What he saw there was hot dry sand.

2)It was the annual layers of ice in a core sample dug from the glacier.

3)Scientists were monitoring the air several times a day to chart the course

of the climate change.

4)Because the polar cap plays a crucial role in the world's weather system,

the thinning of the polar cap might cause flood in many places of the world.

5)There are more different species of birds in each square mile of the

Amazon than exist in all of North America. The destruction of the Amazon rain

forest will mean silencing thousands of songs we have never even heard.

6)The writer calls noctilucent clouds"ghosts in the sky". As a result of

pollution, the clouds occasionally appear when the earth is first cloaked in the

evening darkness. And they appear more often because of a huge buildup of

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methane gas in the atmosphere.

7)Because we are not yet awakened to take effective measures to deal

with the climate change.

8)Carbon dioxide's ability to trap heat in the atmosphere causes global

warming. Because global warming seriously threatens the global climate

equilibrium that determines the pat- tern of winds, rainfall, surface

temperatures, ocean cur- rents, and sea level. These in turn determine the

distribution of vegetative and animal life on land and sea and have a great

effect on the location and pattern of human societies.

9)The two key factors are human population and the scientific and

technological development. The dramatic changes that have occurred in these

two factors are a sudden and startling surge in human population and a

sudden acceleration of the scientific and technological revolution.

10)The writer's solution to our ecological problems is to reinvent and

finally heal the relationship between human beings and the earth by carrying

out a careful reassessment of all the {actors that led to the relatively recent

dramatic change in the relationship.

Ⅱ.

1)It was not at all possible to catch a large amount of fish.

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2)Following the layers of ice in the core sample, his finger came to the

place where the layer of ice was formed 2050 years ago.

3)keeps its engines running for fear that if he stops them, the metal parts

would be frozen solid and the engines would not be able to start again

4)Bit by bit trees in the rain forest are felled and the land is cleared and

turned into pasture where cattle can be raised quickly and slaughtered and the

beef can be used in ham- burgers.

5)Since miles of forest are being destroyed and the habitat for these rare

birds no longer exists, thousands of birds which we have not even had a

chance to see will become extinct.

6)Thinking about how a series of events might happen as a consequence

of the thinning of the polar cap is not just a kind of practice in conjecture

(speculation), it has got practical Value.

7) We are using and destroying resources in such a huge amount that we

are disturbing the balance between daylight and darkness.

8) Or have we been so accustomed to the bright electric lights that we fail

to understand the threatening implication of these clouds.

9)To put forword the question in a different way

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10)and greatly affect the living places and activities of human societies

ll)We seem unaware that the earth's natural systems are delicate.

12)And this continuing revolution has also suddenly developed at a speed

that doubled and tripled the original speed.

Ⅲ. See the translation of the text.

IV.

1)transportation, imitation, destruction 2)encirclement, enrichment,

enlightenment

3)postage, coinage, advantage 4)sharpness, boldness, smoothness

5)admission,

desirability

concession, depression 6)productivity, sensitivity,

7)posture, departure, indenture 8)independence, prudence, impudence

9)flagrancy, consistency, potency 10)analysis, metabasis, metamorphosis

ll)dictatorship, ownership, partnership 12)depth, length, birth

V.

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1)technology 技术

2)ecology 生态学

3)hydrology水文学

4)phrenology 颅像学

5)neurology 神经病学

6)pathology 病理学

7)physiology生理学

8)pharmacology药理学

9)gynaecology妇科学

10) oceanology海洋学

11)lexicology词汇学

12)archaeology考古学

13)anthropology人类学

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14)criminology犯罪学

Ⅵ．

1)anarchist无政府主义者

2)naturalist自然主义者

3)biologist生物学家

4)psychologist心理学家

5)satirist讽刺作家

6)encyclopaedist百科全书编纂者

7)geologist地质学家

8)sociologist社会学家

9)zoologist动物学家

10)impressionist印象派艺术家

11)environmentalist环境保护论者

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12)terrorist恐怖主义分子

Ⅶ．

1)submarine潜水艇

2)submerge淹没，潜入水中

3)subantartic亚南极的

4)subsolar在太阳正下面的，赤道的

5)subhead小标题

6)subaquatic半水栖的

7)subdivide把……再分

8)suboxide低氧化物

9)subclass亚纲

10) subclimax亚顶极群落

11)subcommittee小组委员会

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12)subconscious下意识的

13)subcontinent次大陆

14)subcontract转包合同

15)subculture亚文化群

16)subspecies亚种

17)subsoil 底土

18)sublethal ( 毒药量等 ) 尚不致命的

Ⅷ.

inland sea, desert, core sample, glacier, atmosphere, carbon dioxide, polar

ice cap, global warming, Amazon rain forest, species of birds, ecological

balance, noctilucent cloud, methane gas, natural gas, landfills, coal mines, rice

paddies, termites, biomass, upper atmosphere, elephants, greenhouse gases,

water vapor, growing mountains of waste, acid rain, chlorine, human activities,

heat-absorbing molecules, global climate equilibrium, winds, rainfall, surface

temperatures, ocean currents, sea level, vegetative and animal life, etc.

IX.

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1)basic examples

2)unalterable

3)meeting

4)characterized strike against each other

6)see, attack

7)at the same time

8)balance

9)increasing, existence

10)task

11)out-of-date

X.

1)consequences

2)results

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5)set up

3)results

4)outcome

5)results,

6)outcome

7)causes

8)causes

9)reason

10)reason

11)relations

12)relationship

13) relations

14)relationship

15)complex

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16)complex

17)complicated

18)complex

19)simple

20)simplistic

XI.

1)with

2)of

3)on

4)of

5)in

6)in

7)against

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8)than

9)of

10)as

11)as

12)with

13)of

14)of

15)for

16)of

XII.

relationship, environment, garbage, what, endless, allow, that, dumping,

dispose, drown, having, old, mind, running, waste, it, sight, recent, debates,

disposal, ocean, elsewhere, confront, capacity, of, quantities, only, change,

reduce, we, used, interdependent, chosen, unless, dramatically, thinking,

humankind, inherit

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XIII. Omitted.

XIV.

We Must Protect Our Ecological System

With the development of human civilization, man has created countless

wonders, but at what a price! Our ecological sys-tem, on which all animals'

existence depends, has been seriously damaged and is still being threatened.

The earth's temperature is getting higher, more and more forests are being

felled, large numbers of animals are facing extinction, and deserts are

expanding at an incredible rate.

The causes for the worsening ecological system are manifold. Perhaps two

of the major problems lie in people's pursuit of short-term interests with little

attention to long-term interest sand their pursuit of individual interests rather

than collective interests. In the first case, many lakes are filled to grow crops

or even build houses; trees are cut down, only bare mountains stand cold in

the wind and are capable of holding no water when it rains. In the second case,

scenic spots become dirty and deserted because of newly established nearby

factories producing waste water and air; industrial countries invest heavily in

chemical factories in the Third World nations, keeping their own land

relatively clean.

To solve the problems mentioned above, we should try our best to balance

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short-term interests with long-term ones by making long-term plans and

taking as many things as possible into consideration. We're living today and

are still to live tomorrow we and our posterity both have to live on the earth.

Besides, Global action should be taken to protect our ecological system.

People, eastern or western, rich or poor, should join their hands to prevent our

ecological system from being further damaged. We have only one earth and

we have to make it a better world.

《

高级英语》第一册练习

Lesson 3

Ships in the Desert

Ⅰ. Choose the best words to complete the sentences.

1. This thought _______ their objections.

A. underlied

B. processed

C. scattered

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D. slipped

2. She wore a dress that _______ her stomach.

A. pointed

B. revealed

C. burned

D. chart

3. The boiling water _______ the glass.

A. crashed

B. stretched

C. changed

D. cracked

4. The patient showed signs of ________.

A. distress

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B. layers

C. atmosphere

D. slab

5. The trade union _______a new contract with the owner.

A. monitored

B. absorbed

C. negotiated

D. comprehend

6. The bank required collateral to _______ the loan agreement. [kəˈlætərəl]

附属担保品

A. adjust

B. secure

C. reserved

D. shimmered

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7. The film will soon be _______.

A. threatened

B. understood

C. released

D. shimmered

8. The noise outside _____ my attention.

A. distracts

B. transforms

C. resists

D. changes

9. The amount of rain _____ the growth of crops.

A. influenced

B. effected

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C. affected

D. impacted

10. He _____ several important changes.

A. emerged

B. submerged

C. restrained

D. effected

11. Scientists ____ that there is no animal life on the Mars.

A. present

B. assume

C. assess

D. require

12. This is a fact even our enemies have to _____.

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A. hold

B. leapfrog

C. complicate

D. acknowledge

13. He tried to _______ his anger.

A. disarm

B. restrain

C. pose

D. include

14. I have got ___ in the quarrel between Tom and Jack.

A. involved

B. inspired

C. concluded

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D. accomplished

15. An airliner ____west of the city last night.

A. arose

B. landed

C. crashed

D. dropped

16. I saw a clearly __ shape outside the window in a flash of light.

A. developed

B. accelerated

C. viewed

D. defined

17. The milk __ over the table.

A. distributed

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B. reshaped

C. lasted

D. spilled

18. Can't you guess the meaning of the word from the _______?

A. environment

B. atmosphere

C. context

D. relationship

19. The children were thin and badly in need of ________.

A. precedents

B. sustenance

C. species

D. regulation

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20. This microscope has a _____ of eight.

A. magnification

B. acceleration

C. transformation

D. collision

Ⅱ. Spell out the words according to the meaning and the first letter of the

word is given.

1. to move or hit with little waves. l

2. a large-scale plan produced by a government. s

3. lasting forever. p

4. an enclosed area in a harbor where ships go to be loaded, unloaded and

repaired. d

5. the release of sth. such as gas. e

6. able to be reached. a

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7. person who goes with another. c

8. to meet and strike together violently. c

9. causing much argument c

2-1: / 答案:lap 2-2: / 答案:scheme 2-3: / 答案:permanent

2-4: / 答案:dock 2-5: / 答案:emission 2-6: / 答案:accessible

2-7: / 答案:companion 2-8: / 答案:collide 2-9: /

案:controversial

10. land where grass is grown for cattle p

11. a group of plants or animals that are of the same kind. s

12. typical example i

13. great suffering of the mind or body. d

14. a large group of insects moving in a mass. s

15. the repeated happening of sth. f

16. to make impure or bad. c

答

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17. an outer sign of inner change. s

18. to add pictures to show the meaning of sth. i

19. to go under the surface of water. s

20. to get rid of as useless. d

2-10: / 答案:pasture 2-11: / 答案:species 2-12: / 答案:image

2-13: / 答案:distress 2-14: / 答案:swarm 2-15: / 答案:frequency

2-16: / 答案:contaminate 2-17: / 答案:symptom 2-18: / 答

案:illustrate

2-19: / 答案:subemerge 2-20: / 答案:discard

Ⅲ. Fill in the blank with the following phrases and make changes if

necessary.

__________________________________

a good catch, at best, at rest, at stake, in time to, blot out,

comparable to, in nature, in progress, in the process, in turn,

present … with, reserve for, taken together, to the point

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__________________________________

1. Nothing is______her beauty.

2. The mist came down and _______ the view

3. He is__好配偶for some young woman.

4. Our work is ___now .

5. I told Frank and he______ told Sheila.

6. They are trying to extend the range of goods they sell and,_____ to

appeal to a new type of customer.

3-1: / 答案:comparable to 3-2: / 答案:blotted out 3-3: / 答案:a good

catch 3-4: / 答案:in progress. 3-5: / 答案:in turn 3-6: / 答案:in the

process 3-7: / 答案:at stake

7. The company is on the verge of bankruptcy, and hundreds of jobs

are____ .

8. These seats are _____ old and sick people.

9. Our class ____the school ____a clock.

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10. We can’t get home before nine o’clock _____ .

11. The machine is _______.

3-8: / 答案:reserved for 3-9: / 答案:presented with 3-10: / 答

案: at best.

3-11: / 答案:at rest 3-12: / 答案:in time to 3-13: / 答案:to the

point

3-14: / 答案:Taken together 3-15: / 答案:in nature

12. The audience clapped_______ the music.

13. The temperature rose ____ that the firemen had to leave from building.

14._______, 总体来说these measures should create a lot of new jobs.

15. The two things are the same in outward form but different _____ .

Ⅳ. Text comprehension:

1. By saying “It wasn’t a good day,” the author meant ______.

A. there wasn’t any fish

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B. the weather was not good

C. they were not feeling good

D. it’s impossible to have a good catch of fish

2. In order to search for the underlying causes of the environmental crisis,

the author has been to ________.

A. the equator

B. the North pole

C. the South pole

D. all the above

4-1: / 答案:D 4-2: / 答案:D 4-3: / 答案:C 4-4: /

答案:D 4-5: / 答案:C

3. According to the author, _______ is the worst among the following

problems.

A. acid rain

B. large oil spills

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C. global warming

D. the contamination of underground aquifers

4. The eventual solution to the arms race exists in _______.

A. disarmament of one side

B. a new deployment of forces on either side

C. some ultimate weapon owned by one side or another

D. new understanding and a mutual transformation of relationship itself

5. From this text we learned the best way to settle the environmental crisis

is to ______.

A. return to nature

B. stop deforestation

C. educate people about environment

D. reduce our power to affect the world

Ⅴ. Write T for a true statement and F for a false statement, according to

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the text.

1. The core sample dug from the glacier showed that a small reduction in

one country’s emissions had changed the amount of pollution found in the

Antarctic.

3. There are more different species of birds in each square mile of the

Amazon than in all Americas.

4. In high northern latitude, you can sometimes see a strange kind of

cloud high in the sky, if the sky is clear after sunset.

5. All the water pollution, air pollution, and illegal waste dumping are

essentially local in nature.

5-1: / 答案:T 5-3: / 答案:F 5-4: / 答案:T 5-5: / 答案:F

5-6: / 答案:T 5-7: / 答案:T 5-8: / 答案:T 5-9: / 答案:F

5-10: / 答案:F

6. Human civilization is now the main cause of change in the global

environment.

7. The 20th century has witnessed two key factors that define the physical

reality of our relationship to the earth are: a sudden and starling surge in

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human population and a sudden acceleration of the scientific and

technological revolution.

8. The startling images of environmental destruction now occurring all

over the world have so much in common that they do not shock and awake us

any more.

9. The problem of the unclear arms race is primarily caused by

technology.

10. The key changes in the transformation of the way we relate to the

earth involve more new technologies than new ways of thinking about the

relationship itself.

Ⅵ. Point out the right rhetorical device for the following used in the text.

1. … but as I looked out over the bow, the prospects of a good catch

looked bleak.

2. Acre by acre, the rain forest is being burned to create fast pasture for

fast-food beef:

3. What should we feel toward these ghosts in the sky?

4. But, without even considering that threat, shouldn’t it startle us that

we have now put these clouds in the evening sky which glisten with a spectral

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light?

5. And in our own time we have reshaped a large part of the earth’s face

with concrete in our cities …

6-1: / 答案:understatement 6-2: / 答案:alliteration

6-3: / 答案:metaphor 6-4: / 答案:rhetorical question

6-5: / 答案:metonymy

第一册第3课练习答案

1-1: / 答案:A 1-2: / 答案:B 1-3: / 答案:D 1-4: /

答案:A

1-5: / 答案:C 1-6: / 答案:B 1-7: / 答案:C 1-8: /

答案:A

1-9: / 答案:C 1-10: / 答案:D 1-11: / 答案:B 1-12: /

答案:D

1-13: / 答案:B 1-14: / 答案:A 1-15: / 答案:C 1-16: /

答案:D

1-17: / 答案:D 1-18: / 答案:C 1-19: / 答案:B 1-20: /

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答案:A

2-1: / 答案:lap 2-2: / 答案:scheme 2-3: / 答案:permanent

2-4: / 答案:dock 2-5: / 答案:emission 2-6: / 答案:accessible

2-7: / 答案:companion 2-8: / 答案:collide 2-9: / 答

案:controversial

2-10: / 答案:pasture 2-11: / 答案:species 2-12: / 答案:image

2-13: / 答案:distress 2-14: / 答案:swarm 2-15: / 答案:frequency

2-16: / 答案:contaminate 2-17: / 答案:symptom 2-18: / 答

案:illustrate

2-19: / 答案:subemerge 2-20: / 答案:discard 3-1: / 答

案:comparable to

3-2: / 答案:blotted out 3-3: / 答案:a good catch 3-4: / 答案:in

progress.

3-5: / 答案:in turn 3-6: / 答案:in the process 3-7: / 答案:at stake

3-8: / 答案:reserved for 3-9: / 答案:presented with 3-10: / 答

案: at best.

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3-11: / 答案:at rest 3-12: / 答案:in time to 3-13: / 答案:to the

point

3-14: / 答案:Taken together 3-15: / 答案:in nature 4-1: / 答

案:D

4-2: / 答案:D 4-3: / 答案:C 4-4: / 答案:D 4-5: /

答案:C

5-1: / 答案:T 5-2: / 答案:F 5-3: / 答案:F 5-4: / 答案:T 5-5: / 答

案:F

5-6: / 答案:T 5-7: / 答案:T 5-8: / 答案:T 5-9: / 答案:F

5-10: / 答案:F 6-1: / 答案:understatement 6-2: / 答案:alliteration

6-3: / 答案:metaphor 6-4: / 答案:rhetorical question

6-5: / 答案:metonymy

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