2024年1月9日发(作者：)

植物拉丁名中英文解释

Vocabulary of Botany both in Latin and English

1. arbor (tree) 乔木

2. frutex (shrub) 灌木

3. suffrutex (subshrub)亚灌木

4. herba (herb) 草本

5. planta scandens (vine) 藤本

6. frutex scandens (scandent shrub)藤灌

1. terrestris (terrestrial)陆生

2. aquaticus (aquatic) 水生

3. epiphyticus (epiphytic)附生植物

4. saprophyticus (saprophytic) 腐生植物

1. annuus (annual)一年生植物

2. biennis (biennial)二年生植物

3. perennis (perennial) 多年生植物

Radix (Root)

1. radix fibrosa (lateral root) 侧根

2. radix primaria (tap root) 主根

3. radix adventitia (adventitious root) 不定根

4. radix aeria (aerial root) 气生根

Caulis (Stem)

1. herbaceus (herbaceous) 草质

2. ligneus;lignosus (woody;ligneus) 木质

3. suffruticosus (suffrutiscent) 半灌木状

1. erectus (erect) 直立的

2. prostratus (prostiate) 平卧的

3. repens (stolon;repnt) 匍匐生根

4. scandens (climbing scanent)藤攀援

茎的变态

1. rhizoma (root stock) 根状茎

2. tuber (stem tuber) 块茎

3. cormus (corm;colid;bulle) 球茎

4. bulbus (bulb) 鳞茎

5. caulis carnosus (Fleshy stem)肉质茎

6. cladophyllum (Foliaceous stem;cladophyll) 叶状茎

7. bulbillus (bulbil) 珠芽

8. cirrus (tendril) 卷须

9. spinosus (thorny) 棘刺

10. spina (prickle;spine ) 刺

叶Folium (leaf)

1. sempervirens (evergreen)

2. decidous (decidous)

3. persistens (persistent)

4. fugax (fugacious) 早落

叶序phylloid (phylloideus)

1. alternatus (alternate) 互生

2. oppositus (opposite) 对生

12. muronatus (mucronate) 凸尖

13. aristatus (aristate) 芒尖

叶基的形状

1. cordatus (cordate) 心形

2. auriculatus (auriculate) 耳形

3. sagittatus (sagittate) 箭形

4. hastatus (hastate) 戟形

5. peltatus (peltate) 盾形

6. cuneatus (cuneate) 楔形

7. attenuatus (attenuate) 渐狭

8. obliquus (oblique) 偏斜

9. amplexicaulis (amplexicaul) 抱茎

10. decurrens (decurrent) 下延

叶的边缘

1. interger (entire) 全缘

2. serratus (serrate) 锯齿状

3. serrulatus (serrulate) 细锯齿

4. crenatus (crenate) 钝锯齿

5. crenulatus (crenate) 小锯齿

6. dentatus (dentate) 齿牙状

7. denticulatus (denticulate) 小齿牙

8. undulatus (undulate) 波状

9. repandus (repand) 浅波状

10. sinuatus(sinuate) 深波状

分裂Lobatus (Lobate)

1. partitus (parted) 深裂

2. laciniatus (laciniate) 条裂

3. fissus (fissured) 劈裂

4. segmentus (segment) 全裂

5. pinnatilobatus (pinnatilobate) 羽状浅裂

6. pinnatisectus (pinnatisect) 羽状全裂

7. palmatilobatus (palmatilobate) 掌状浅裂

8. palmatsectus (palmatsect) 掌状全裂

9. palmatipartitus (palmatipartite) 掌状深裂

10. pectinatus (pectinate) 篦状深裂

11. lyratus (lyrate) 琴状分裂

12. runcinatus (runcinate) 倒向羽裂

叶脉 Nervus (Vein)

1. costa media (midrib or midvein) 主脉

2. nerri laterales (lateral vein or nerves) 侧脉

3. vina (veinlets or nervules) 小脉

4. retinervius (reticulate veins or reticulate nerved) 网脉

5. nervi paralleli (parallel vein;) 平行脉

6. nervi palmati (palmate vein;palmate nerved) 掌状脉

7. nervi pinnati (pinnate vein;pinnate nerved) 羽状脉

8. x- (x-veins or x-nerved) 几出脉

8. (amplexus) 合抱

9. (half-equitent) 半套折

10. equitans (equitent) 套折的

花瓣排列 convolute

1. valvate

2. induplicate

3. reduplicate

4. convulute

5. qincuncial

6. plicatus (plicate)

花序 inflorescentia (inflorescence)

1. terminalis (terminal) 顶生

2. axillaris (axillary) 腋生

3. extra-axillaris (extra-axillary) 腋上生

4. caulilus (cauline) 茎生

5. radicalis (radical) 根生

6. pedicellus (pedicel) 花柄

7. pedunculus (peduncle) 花序柄

8. rhachis (rhachis) 花轴

9. scapus (scape)花葶

10. rminata (indeterminate infl.) 无限花序

11. inata(determi) 有限花序

12. spicata (spike) 穗状花序

13. racemus (raceme) 总状花序

14. paniculata (panicle)圆锥花序

15. amentum (ament;catkin) 葇荑花序

16. spadix (spadix) 肉穗花序

17. capitulum (capitate or head) 头状花序

18. umbella (umbel) 伞形花序

19. syconium (syconium) 隐头花序

20. corymbus (syconium)伞房花序

21. fasciculus (fascicle) 丛生花序

22. cyma (cyme) 聚伞花序

23. monochasialis (monochasium) 单歧聚伞

24. dichotomus (dichotomous) 二歧聚伞

25. trichotomus (trichotomous) 三歧聚伞

26. cyma-helicoidea (helicoid cyme) 蝎壳状花序

27. cyma-scorpoidea (scorpoid cyme) 蝎尾状花序

28. thyrsus (thyrse) 密锥花序

1. bractea (bract) 苞片

2. bracteola (bractiole) 小苞片

3. involucrum (involucre) 总苞

4. involucellum (involucel) 小总苞

5. spatha (spathe) 佛焰苞

6. gluma (glume) 颖

9. dioecius (dioecious) 雌雄异株

10. flos polygamus (polygamous flower) 杂性花

11. flos heterogamus (heterogamous flower) 异形花

12. flos homogamus (homogamous flower) 同形花

13. flos dichlamydeus (dichlamydeous flower) 双被花

14. flos monochlamydeus (monochlamydeous flower) 单被花

15. flos nudus (achlamydeous flower) 无被花

花萼Calyx

1. sepalum petaloideum (sepal petaloid) 瓣状萼

2. calyx chorisepalum (chorisepalous calyx) 离萼

3. calyx gamosepalus (gamosepalous calyx) 合萼

4. calyx persistens (persistent calyx) 宿萼

5. tubus calycis (calyx tube) 萼筒

6. lobicalyxis (calyx lobes) 萼裂片

7. epicalyx (epicalyx) 副萼

花冠 Corolla

1. (apetalous) 无瓣花

2..choripetala (choripetalous) 瓣状花冠

ala (sympetalous) 合瓣花

corolla (corolla tube) 花冠筒

corolla (corolla limb) 冠片

(limb) 冠肢

7. unguis (chaw) 瓣爪

雄蕊 Stamen

1. filamentum (filament) 花丝

2. anthera (anther) 花药

3. connectium (connective) 药隔

4. staminodium (staminode) 退化雄蕊

5. stamen monodelpha (monodelphous stamen) 单体雄蕊

6. stamen didynama (didynamous stamen) 二强雄蕊

7. stamen tetradynama (tetradynamous stamen) 四强雄蕊

8. anthera adnata (anther adnate) 全着药

9. anthera basifixa (anther basifixed) 基着药

10. anthera dosifixa (anther dosifixfed) 背着药

11. anthera versatills (anther versatile) 丁字药

12. anthera divergens (anther divergent) 个字药

13. anthera divericata (anther divericate) 广歧药

14. dehiscentia longitudinalis (dehiscence longitudinal) 纵裂

15. deh. porose (deh. porous) 孔裂

16. deh. trasversus (deh. valvular) 横裂

17. deh. valvata (deh. valvular) 瓣裂

18. introsus (introse) 药内向

19. extrosus (extrose) 药外向

雌蕊Pistil

1. carpellum (carpel) 心皮

valva (valve) 果瓣

septicidus (septicidal) 膜裂

loculicidus (loculicidal) 室裂

policidus (policidal) 孔裂

pyxidium ,pyxis (pyxidium) 盖果

circumscissilis (circumscissile) 盖裂

diplotegium(diplotegium) 宿萼蒴果

7. achenium (achene) 瘦果

8. cypsela (cypsela) 菊果（连萼瘦果）

9. utriculus (utricle) 胞果

10. caryopsis (caryopsis) 颖果

11. samana (samana)翅果

12. glans 槲果

13. schizocarpium (schizocarp) 离果

14. nux (nut) 坚果

15. nucula (nutlet) 小坚果

16. carnosus (fleshy fruit) 肉质果

17. drupa (drupe) 核果

18. drupeola(drupeolate) 小核果

19. bacca (bacca) 浆果

20. hesperidium (hesperidium)柑果

21. pepo (pepo) 瓠果

22. pomum (pome)梨果

23. dehiscentia (dehiscent) 开果

24. sutura (suture) 缝裂

25. valva (valve) 瓣裂

种子 Semen (Seed)

1. embryo (embryo) 胚

2. albumen (albumen) 胚乳

3. exalbuminus (exalbuminous) 无胚乳的

4. albuminus (albuminous) 具胚乳

5. cotyledon (cotyledon) 子叶

6. testa (testa) 外种皮

7. endopleura (endopleura) 内种皮

8. arillus (aril) 假种皮

9. caruncula (caruncle) 种阜

10. hilum (hilum) 种脐

11. radicula (radicle) 胚根

12. plumula (plumule) 胚芽

13. ovulum orthotropum (orthotrpous ovule) 直立胚珠

14. ovulum anatropum (anatropous ovule) 倒生胚珠

15. ovulum amphitropum 半倒生胚珠

16. ovulum campylotropum (campylotropous ovule) 弯生胚珠

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状态 离线 #2使用道具 发表于 2007-4-11 10:33 资料附属物 Appendage

1. cirrus (cirrase) 卷须

2. spina (spine) 刺

3. verticillus (verticillate;whorled) 轮生

4. folium simplex (simple leaf) 单叶

5. folium compositum (compound leaf) 复叶

6. trifolitus (trifoliate) 三小叶

7. pinnatus compositum (pinnately compound ) 羽状复叶

8. digitatus compositum (digitately compound) 指状复叶

9. palmatus compositum (palmately compound)掌状复叶

10. bractea (bract) 苞片状

1. lamina (lamina;blade) 叶片

2. petiolus (petiole) 叶柄

3. stipula (stipules) 托叶

4. vagina (sheath) 叶鞘

5. sessilis (sessile) 无叶柄

6. exstipulatus (exstipules) 无托叶

7. glandular 具腺体的

叶片的形状

1. linearis (linear) 线形

2. lanceolatus (lanceolate) 披针形

3. oblanceolate (oblanceolate) 倒披针形

4. ellipticus (elliptical) 椭圆形

5. oblongus (oblong) 长椭圆形

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6. ovatus (ovate) 卵形

7. obovatus (obovate) 倒卵形

8. orbicularis (orbicular) 圆形

9. rhomboidus (rhomboid) 菱形

10. cuneatus (cuneate) 楔形

11. spathulatus (spatulate) 匙形

12. flabellatus (flabellate) 扇形

13. flacatus (flacatus ,flacate) 镰刀形

14. reniformis (reniform) 肾形

15. deltoideus (deltoid) 三角形

16. subulatus (subulate) 锥尖形

17. panduratus (pandurate) 琴形

叶尖的形状

1. acutus (acute) 锐尖

2. abruptus acuminatus (abruptly acuminate ) 急尖

3. acumiatus (acuminate) 渐尖

4. caudatus (caudate) 尾尖

5. obtusus (obtuse) 钝

6. rotundaus (rotunded) 浑圆

7. truncatus (truncate) 截头尖

8. retusus (retuse) 微凹

9. emarginatus (emarginate) 微缺

10. obcordatus (obcordate) 倒心形

11. cuspidatus (cuspidate) 骤尖

9. obsoletus (obsolete or wanting) 隐脉

立体形状

1. ovoideus (ovoid) 卵形

2. ellipsoideus (ellipsoidal) 椭球形

3. globosus (globose) 球形

4. turbinatus (turbinate) 陀螺形

5. conicus (conical) 圆锥形

6. pyramidalis (pyramidal) 尖塔形

7. fusiformis (fusiform) 纺锤形

8. teres (teret) 圆柱形

9. trigonus (trigonous) 三棱形

10. compressus (compressed) 侧压扁形

11. depressus (depressed )直压扁形

12. moniliformis (moniliform) 念珠状

13. didymus (didym) 孪生状

14. plano-convexus (plano-conved ) 平凹状

质地

1. coriaceus (coriaceous) 革质

2. chartaceus (chartaceous) 纸质

3. papyraceus (papyery) 薄纸质

4. membrannaceus (membranous) 膜质

5. scariosus (scarious) 干膜质

复叶的各部和种类

1. foliolum (leaflet) 小叶

2. (petolule) 小叶柄

3. (rachis) 总轴

4. pinnatum compositus (pinnately compound) 羽状复叶

5. compositus (odd compound ) 奇数复叶

6. compositus (even compound) 偶数复叶

7. palmatum compositus (palmately compound) 掌状复叶

8. digitatum compositus (digitately compound) 指状复叶

9. unifoliolatus (unifoliolata) 单身复叶

10. pinnatum trifolilatus (pinnately trifoliolate ) 羽状三小叶

11. digitatum trifoliolatus (digitate trifoliolate) 指状三小叶

12. bipinnatus (bipinnate)二回羽状

13. bijugatus (bijugate) 羽片二对

14. trijugatus (trijugate) 羽片三对

15. multijugatus (multijugates) 羽片多对

叶在芽中的形状

1. conduplicatus (conduplicate or folded) 折合

2. convolutus (convolute) 包旋

3. involutus (involute) 内旋

4. revolutus (revolutus) 外旋

5. plicatus (plicate) 折扇状

6. reclinatus (reclinate) 内曲

7. circinnatus (circinnate) 拳卷的

8. Palea (palea)

花冠的形状

1. tubularis (tubular) 管状

2. infundibuliformis (funnel shaped) 漏斗状

3. campanulatus (campanulatea) 钟状

4. hypocrateriformis (hypocrateriform or saiver-shaped) 高脚碟状

5. urceolatus (urceolatue) 坛状

6. rotatus (rotatus) 轮状

7. calcar (spurred) 距状

8. labiatus (labiate) 唇形

9. bilabiatus (bilabiate) 二唇形

10. papilionaceus (papilionaceous) 蝶形

11. vexillum (standard or banner) 旗瓣

12. ala (wings or alae) 翼瓣

13. carina (keel or carine)龙骨瓣

14. ligulatus (ligulate) 舌状

典型花各部

1. sepalum (sepal) 萼片

2. calyx (calyx) 花萼

3. petalum (petal) 花瓣

4. corolla (corolla) 花冠

5. perianthium (perianth) 花被

6. stamen (stamen) 雄蕊

7. filamectium (filament) 花丝

8. anthera (anther) 花药

9. connectium(connective) 药隔

10. pollen (pollen) 花粉

11. pistillum (pistil) 雌蕊

12. stigma (stigma) 柱头

13. stylus (style) 花柱

14. ovarium (ovary) 子房

15. ovulum (ovule) 胚珠

16. receptaculum (receptacle) 花托

17. (pedicel) 花梗

18. (pedunele) 总花梗

19. (rachis) 花轴

20. (disk or disc) 花盘

Flowers

1. flos completus (complete flower) 完全花

2. flos inconepletus (inconeplete flower) 不完全花

3. flos bisexualis (bisexual flower) 两性花

4. flos unisexualis (unisexual flower) 单性花

5. flos neuter (neutral flower) 中性花

6. flos staminatus (staminate flower) 雄花

7. flos pistillatus (pistillate flower) 雌花

8. monoecius (monoecious) 雌雄同株

2. ovarium (ovary) 子房

3. gynophorum (gynophre) 子房柄

4. loculus (locule) 室

5. ovulum (ovule) 胚

6. stylus (style) 花柱

7. stigma (stigma) 柱头

8. supeuor (superior) 子房上位

9. inferior (inferior) 子房下位

10. semi-inferius (half-inferior) 半下位

1. placenta (placente) 胎座

2. placenta axillis (axille placente) 中轴胎座

3. placenta centralis (free-central placente) 特立胎座

4. placenta parietalis (parietal placente) 侧膜胎座

5. placenta basalis (basal placente) 基生胎座

6. placenta apicalis (apical placente) 顶生胎座

胚珠ovulum (ovule)

1. nucellus (nucellus) 珠心

2. integumentum (integument) 珠被

3. funiculus (funicle) 珠柄

4. chalaza (chalaza) 合点

5. micropyle (micropyle) 珠孔

花托 Receptaculus (Receptacle)

1. discus (disk) 花盘

2. nectarium (nectary) 蜜腺

3. flos hypogynus (flower hypogynous) 下位花

4. flos perigynus (flower perigynous) 周位花

5. flos epigynus (flower epigynous) 上位花

6. gynophorun (gynophorum) 子房柄

7. carpophorum (carpophore) 心皮柄

8. androgynophorum (androgynophoreir) 雄蕊柄

果实 Fructus (Fruit)

1. fructus spurius (fruit spurious) 假果

2. fructus simplex (fruit simplex) 单果

3. fructus polyanthocarpt (fruit aggregate) 聚合果

4. fructus multiplex (fruit collective) 聚花果

5. pericarpium (pericarp) 果皮

6. endrocarpium (endrocarp) 内果皮

7. exocarpium (exocarp) 外果皮

8. mesocarpium (mesocarp) 中果皮

干果Dry fruit

1. folliculus (follicle) 蓇葖果

2. legumen (legume) 荚果

3. lomentum (loment) 节荚

4. siliqua (silique) 长角果

5. silicula (silicle) 短角果

6. capsule (capsule) 蒴果

3. aculeus (aculeus) 皮刺

4. planta spinosa (acanthophorous plants) 有刺植物

5. plant aculeata (aculeus plants) 皮刺植物

6. squana (scale) 鳞片

7. squamosus (squamose) 具鳞片

8. glaucus (glaucous) 具白粉

9. glaber(glabrous) 无毛

10. rugosus(rugose) 有条纹

11. striatus (striate) 有线条

12. scaber (scabreus) 粗糙

13. tuberculatus (tuberculate) 小瘤体

14. muricatus (muricate) 小突刺

15. echimatus (echinate) 芒刺

16. pubescens (pubescent) 柔毛

17. puberulus ((puberulent) 小柔毛

18. tomentosus (tomentose) 绒毛

19. lanatus (lanate) 绵毛

lanosus (lanose) 绵毛

20. pilosus (pilose) 疏长毛

21. villosus (villose) 长柔毛

22. hispidus (hispid) 刚毛

23. hirsutus (hirsute) 长粗毛

24. babartus babarte) 冉毛

25. strigosus (strigose) 粗伏毛

26. glochidiatus (glochidiate) 钩毛

27. setosus (setose) 刺毛

28. sericeus(sericeous) 绢毛

29. ciliatus (ciliate) 睫毛

30. ciliolatus (ciliolate) 小睫毛

31. pili glandulosi (glandular hair) 腺毛

32. glandula (gland) 腺体