2024年3月28日发(作者：vivos9上市时间)

一．

Communication is in our life

交流无处不在

When we talk with a foreigner, we both are engaged in cross-cultural communication.

(1).Life and communication 生活与交流的必要性

As the globalization of the world economy grows faster than ever before, with the

internet tearing down national boundaries, cross-cultural communication is part of our

everyday life.

全球经济化以及网络的运用消除了国际的界限，使得跨文化的交流成了我们

生活的一部分。而我们的英语教学则真正是跨文化的交流，在我们的教学中，有

必要学习这一方面的信息。

(2) Meanings in communication 交流的含义

说话者与倾听者交流时，通常至少有三方面的含义：

Utterance meaning: 字面的意思

Speaker‟s meaning: 说话者的意思

Hearer‟s meaning: 听者的意思

案例说明：

Case1: Ten years ago, I met a Taiwan Chinese doctor in the States, and fell in love

with him. We got married and returned to Finland. As a wife is Chinese, I try to be as

filial as my husband. (为了符合中国作为子女的标准，我邀请我的婆婆来芬兰的

家。我们的对话引起了婆婆的误会。)

Lily: Dick, how long is your mum going to stay?

Dick: I don‟t know. I haven‟t ask her.

Lily: Why not ask her?

Dick: What do you mean by asking her?

Lily: I mean what I said. Just ask her how long she‟s going to stay.

Can you guess what happen in the next day?

（婆婆第二天下午就走了，我竭力挽留，但不得效果。这就是中国人经常说的

说者无意，听者有心。）

Analyze: Speaker‟s meaning: if I knew how long my mother-in -law was going to

stay in Finland, I would be able to make arrangements for her such as taking her out

to do some shopping or sightseeing.

Hearer‟s meaning: She misunderstood the meaning, “Lily does not want me to stay

for long”.

(3) Effective Cross-cultural communication 和谐交流的有效性

中国是一个礼仪之邦，谦虚是出了名的，但在与西方人交流时，不能把我们

的谦虚之词用于上面：如称自己是“鄙人”，自己的著作为拙著。Be engaged in

natural conversation。重要的一点是自己要有所准备：想一想要说什么，该怎样

讲，准备适合的词或句子，或是直接用几个关键词来表达所想表达的内容。而不

必担心在交流中出现过多的停顿，错误或是吞吞吐吐。

二．

Cross-cultural differences

不同的文化交流

1. Hospitality 待人接物

Case1: Sally’s evening party was not very successful, because she was upset by

one of her guests.

Sally: (Open the door) Oh, Lin, how nice you could come!

Lin: It‟s not difficult to find your house.

Sally: Come on in.

Lin: (Comes in).

Sally: Can I take your coat?

Lin: No, thanks.

Sally: OK. This way, please.

Lin: (Takes off her coat and hangs it)

Analyze:

分析缘由并说明双方的存在的不同礼仪

,

案例说明

: Lin

不让她替自

己挂上衣服。可在

Lin

看来，

Sally

是她的导师，让导师替自己服务是不合适也是

不礼貌的。

2. Politeness 文明礼仪

餐桌礼仪：

对于餐馆与菜的不同评价：西方人总对一切表示满意。我们就比较谦虚，会说

餐馆的小，菜的简单。就餐过程中，我们会不停地为客人夹菜，可西方人就没有

这种做法。

Everyone has his own favourite food and he can eat all by himself. Foreigners give

guests the chance to choose what is their favourite.

对服务员的不同态度：Foreigners thanks many times to the waiter. But we don‟t.

Case: I‟m (Chinese) very punctual to meet the foreigner. We talked for a time. But

when the foreigner asked me weather I was hungry or not. I tell him the truth. At that

time, I was not. But after we for a long time, he never invited me to lunch.

Analyze: When somebody asked me „Are you hungry?‟ I took it as a question instead

of an invitation. That was my mistake. The real meaning is: “ Do you want lunch?”

What was his mistake? He didn‟t understand the Chinese way of accepting an

invitation, which need more than one offer.