2024年4月30日发(作者：)

Tilman

Tilman is the Distinguished McKnight University Professor in the Department of Ecology,

Evolution, and Behavior, and the director of the Cedar Creek Natural History Area at the

University of Minnesota. His research focuses on patterns in ecosystems, particularly biodiversity

and population dynamics.

G. David Tilman is professor of the University of Minnesota, with 3,132 citations—an almost

500 citation lead over the next most-cited scientist in this field.

Mayr（1904.7.5—?）

美国动物学家在。1904年生于德国阿尔高（Allgäu）地区的肯普滕市（Kempten）；他整理

并发展了达尔文的思想，著有《Systematics and the Origin of Species》（1942, 书中首次提出

生物学物种定义）、《The growth of Biological Thought》（1982，该书1990年出版中译本）等

著作，现为哈佛大学的教授。更多内容参见

/biografien/biografien/

或者/3rd_ culture/bios/

珍妮﹒古道爾

Jane Goodall：關于著名動物生態學家珍妮﹒古道爾（Jane Goodall）的經歷，說來非常動

人。古道爾1934出生于倫敦。她從小痴心于動物，愛讀杜立特寫的動物故事書。她知道非

洲的哺乳類動物最丰富，很想到那里去。她沒有錢，就去當女招待和女秘書，攢足了旅費錢

就啟程到了非洲的肯尼亞。

古道爾一到肯尼亞，就去找著名的猿人類考古學家路易斯﹒里基（Louis Leakey），向他要

求給她個和動物打交道的工作。里基在一次保護野生動物的考察旅行中，不經心地考驗了她

對野生動物的知識后，同意請她當他的助理秘書。后來又看到她要和動物為伍的立志很堅，

就派她到坦桑尼亞去觀察野生黑猩猩群。這是因為里基認為黑猩猩在動物中與人的親緣最相

近似，它的基因組有98%與人類的相同，通過過黑猩猩生態習性的觀察，可以為人類的遠

祖情況提供線索。于是這個沒有受過訓練的姑娘，單槍匹馬，就闖入了觀察黑猩猩這個從來

沒有人嘗試過、也沒有人敢嘗試的科學領域之中。這是1960年的事，古道爾芳齡26。

Dr. Likens'

Dr. Likens' research focuses on the ecology and biogeochemistry of forest and aquatic ecosystems,

primarily through long-term studies at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, in the White

Mountains of New Hampshire. He was the co-founder of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study in

1963, which has shed light on critical links between ecosystem function and land-use practices. He

and his colleagues were the first scientists to document the link between the combustion of fossil

fuels and an increase in the acidity of precipitation in North America. His findings have influenced

policy makers, guided and motivated scientific studies, and increased public awareness of

human-accelerated environmental change.

On 11 June 2003, the Asahi Glass Foundation announced that Dr. Likens was a co-recipient of the

2003 Blue Planet Prize for outstanding scientific research that helps to solve global environmental

problems. Dr. Likens was awarded the distinction along with Dr. F. H. Bormann, his long-term

collaborator in the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study in New Hampshire. The Asahi Glass

Foundation aspires for the Blue Planet Prize to be recognized as the environmental equivalent of

the Nobel Prize. In 2002 he was awarded the 2001 National Medal of Science, the nation's highest

science honor, for his contributions to the field of ecology

F. A. Bazza

F. A. Bazzaz: Mallinckrodt Professor of Biology Harvard University.

FELLOWSHIPS AND AWARDS:

Clare Hall, Cambridge University Fellow; Life Member Elected 1981

American Association for the Advancement of Science Fellowship 1987

John Simon Guggenheim Fellowship 1988

American Academy of Arts and Sciences 1989

Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Fellowship 1993

Humboldt Forschungspreis, Germany 1996

Candidate for King Faisal Prize in Biology 2000

Leverhulme Professorships in British Universities 2000

(Bangor, Sheffield, Edinburgh, Cambridge, Oxford, and

Imperial College)

MEMBER:

Editorial Board of Oecologia

Editorial Board of Tree Physiology

Editorial Board of Plants Today

Editorial Board of the Physiological Ecology Series, Academic Press

Editorial Board of the Journal of Vegetation Science

Editorial Board of the Journal of the Faculty of Science, United Arab Emirates University

Editorial Board of Global Change Biology

Richard T. T. Forman

Richard T. T. Forman is the PAES Professor of Advanced Environmental Studies in Landscape

Ecology at Harvard University. He received a BS from Haverford College, Ph.D. from University

of Pennsylvania, honorary AM from Harvard University, honorary Doctor of Humane Letters from

Miami University, and honorary Doctor of Science from Florida International University. He

taught at Rutgers University, the University of Wisconsin, and several field stations. He served as

President of the Torrey Botanical Society, Vice President of the Ecological Society of America,

and Vice President of the International Association for Landscape Ecology. He is a Fellow of the

American Association for the Advancement of Science and of Clare Hall (University of

Cambridge), and Honorary Professor in the Academia Sinica in China. He served as Fulbright

Scholar in Colombia, CNRS Chercheur in France and Miegunyah Fellow in Australia. Forman

was named Distinguished Landscape Ecologist (USA) in 1992. His awards include the Lindback

Foundation Award for Excellence in Teaching, plus medals from Charles University (Prague) and

the University of Florence (Italy).

Howard T. Odum

Howard T. Odum attended the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, where his father was a

professor of sociology, until he enlisted in the U.S. Air Force during the extensive

list of prestigious awards Odum received in his lifetime are the Institute de la Vie prize and the

Crafoord Prize for his work in global biogeochemistry and systems modeling. Odum said what

might be the common principle throughout his career has been "the 'maximum empower principle'

- showing that systems are self-organized to use the optimum efficiency to generate the maximum

power." He believed that this theory applies not only to biogeochemistry but also to the people

around him and his own life..He is the young brother of and analysed the Silver Spring.

Frederic E. Clements

Community ecologist. Argued for a holistic view of community dynamics. Decades of field

research funded by the Carnegie Institute of Washington. Collaborated with V. Shelford. He put

forward the theory: any plant community must go through the process,from pioneer stage to

climax stage which is stabilization relatively

Victor Ernest Shelford (1877-1968

He is the tutor of g American community ecologist. Key early studies on

succession in the Indiana dunes and on experimental physiological ecology. Collaborated with F.

Clements; 1913 book inspired C. Elton's work on food webs. First president of the Ecological

Society of America

Lotka, Alfred James

Lotka, Alfred James:(1880 - 1949), USA. a chemist, demographer, ecologist and mathematician,

was born in Lviv (Lemberg), at that time situated in Austria, now in Ukraine. He came to the

United States in 1902 and wrote a number of theoretical articles on chemical oscillations during

the early decades of the twentieth century, and authored a book on theoretical biology (1925). He

is best known for the predator-prey model he proposed, at the same time but independent from

Volterra (the Lotka-Volterra model, still the basis of many models used in the analysis of

population dynamics). He then left (academic) science and spent the majority of his working life

at an insurance company (Metropolitan Life). In that capacity he became president of the PAA (the

Population Association of America

Edward Osborne Wilson

Edward Osborne Wilson: born June 10,1929. he is an entomologist and biologist known for his

work on evolution and sociobiology .He was born in Briingham,Alabama,graduated from the

University of Alabama and received his PhD from Harvard.

He is also famous for starting the sociobiology debate when he wrote Sociobiology: The

New Synthesis in 1975 and for coining the term has received many awards for

his works, most notably National medal of science,Carfoord prize

George Evelyn Hutchinson

George Evelyn Hutchinson:(1903-1991),After studying zoology at Cambridge and teaching at the

University of Witwatersrand in Johannesburg, he came to Yale in 1928 and shifted his focus to

limnology. He published five papers from 1938-1941 on data he collected at Linsley Pond in

Branford.

In the early days, Prof. Hutchinson was primarily known for his contributions to the

advancement of limnology by integrating biological and physiochemical studies based on field

work in various lakes and ponds around the world. In collaboration with E. S. Deevey, Prof.

Hutchinson theorized a process of sediment accumulation at the bottom of lakes, and developed

paleolimnology within the discipline of paleoecology.R. L. Lindeman, who was one of his

students.

Robert H. MacArthur

Robert H. MacArthur:Borned 7 April, 1930; Died 1 November . D., Yale University,

1958;Professor of Biology, Princeton university, 1965-1972 ;Coauthor of "The Theory of Island

biogeography" .Author of "Geographical Ecology" Elected to the National Academy of Sciences,

1967,he and Wilson put forward the theory of "r-strategistis and K-strategistis

James Ephraim Lovelock

James Ephraim Lovelock (1919-), Chemist and ecologist .Chemist and environmentalist. Inventor

of the 'electron capture detector' (1958), a device used to measure the accumulation of CFCs in the

atmosphere. Considered one of the main ideological leaders in the history of the development of

environmental awareness. His far-reaching Gaia hypothesis, first put forward in 1972, states that

the planet behaves as a living organism.

罗伯特-梅爵士

罗伯特-梅爵士1936年1月生于澳大利亚。1956年本科毕业于悉尼大学，1959年23岁时就

在悉尼大学获得了理论物理学博士。后在悉尼大学任教，并成为物理学教授，直到1973年

转到普林斯顿大学生物学系，接替原Robert MacArthur的位置。1973－1988年在普林斯顿

大学任种群生物学教授；1988年起转到英国牛津大学动物系。1995－2000出任大不列颠政

府首席科学顾问.2000年12月出任英国皇家学会会长。(

E. P. Odum

E. P. Odum (1913-) received his Ph.D. from the University of illinois and began teaching at the

University of Georgia in 1947. In 1953 he published the first edition of his classic Fundamentals

of Ecology which was instrumental in establishing the ecosystem approach to ecology in both

teaching and research. In 1977 he received the Tyler Award for his influential work as an ecologist,

and, in 1988, was awarded the Craafort Prize (the ecologist's Nobel) by the Swedish Academy of

Science. He retired as Professor Emeritus at the University of Georgia in 1983 where he continues

as an active schola

Katherine Willis

Katherine Willis: Oxford university. she is a University Reader in Physical Geography with a

tutorial Fellowship at Jesus College. She has a . in Geography and Environmental Science

from the University of Southampton and a Ph.D. from the University of Cambridge. Following on

from her Ph.D., Dr Willis held a Selwyn College Research Fellowship, a NERC Postdoctoral

Fellowship, and then a Royal Society University Research Fellowship in the Department of Plant

Sciences and the Godwin Institute for Quaternary Research, University of Cambridge. She took up

her post in the School of Geography and the Environment in January, 1999 and is a core member

of the School’s Biodiversity Research Group. She heads the Oxford Long-Term Ecology

Laboratory and is a co-director of the MSc in Biodiversity, Conservation and Management.

Dr. Willis is an Associate Editor of the journal The Holocene and is on the editorial advisory board

of Global Ecology and Biogeography, The Norwegian Journal of Geography and Documenta

Praehistorica.

Anna Lawrence

Anna Lawrence:University of a background in plant ecology (BA in Natural

Sciences, University of Cambridge) and Forestry (MSc in Forestry and its relation to land use,

University of Oxford), she now focus more on the cultural, social and political aspects of

biodiversity management.

This interdisciplinary perspective was developed through her PhD thesis on 'Tree-cultivation in

upland livelihoods in the Philippines: implications for biodiversity conservation and forest policy'

(University of Reading). Anna Lawrence: 很厉害的！她是牛津大学－人类生态学研究课题负

责人，曾经在14个国家工作过。现在她对人文生态学研究比较深入.

David Tilman (University of Minnesota )

主要从事生物多样性、生态系统功能研究，是生态学领域的新的领军人物，其工

作是生态学领域被引用频次最高的。

国际知名生态学家简介——R. May

罗伯特-梅(R. May )1936年1月生于澳大利亚。1956年本科毕业于悉尼大学，1959

年23岁时就在悉尼大学获得了理论物理学博士。后在悉尼大学任教，并成为物

理学教授，直到1973年转到普林斯顿大学生物学系，接替原Robert MacArthur

的位置。

1988年起转到英国牛津大学动物系。1995－2000出任Chief Scientific Advisor to

the Government of the United Kingdom（大不列颠政府首席科学顾问？翻译的对

吗？）2000年12月出任英国皇家学会会长。

罗伯特-梅爵士一生获得多项科学荣誉称号，其中包括：

1979年，英国皇家学会，院士

1984年，美国生态学会，MacArthur奖

1991年，林奈学会，林奈奖章

1992年，美国科学院，外籍院士

1996年，克拉夫奖（生态学的诺贝尔奖）

1998年，Balzan奖（由意大利总统颁发）

2001年，Blue Planet奖

罗伯特-梅的主要科学贡献有：

1973年出版的专著“模型生态系统中的复杂性与稳定性”。在该著作中，梅一反

当时人们普遍的认识，提出越是复杂的系统，各个物种越难趋于稳定，其种群大

小的波动越大。应该注意，梅的稳定性主要是指种群稳定性，而生态系统指标（如

群落总生物量）的稳定性问题却可能是另样的。

梅首次表明，一阶非线性差分方程的动力学行为可能是非常复杂的，从稳定点到

周期振荡再到混沌，均有可能。尽管几个数学家几乎同时独立地发展了混沌理论，

但可以说是梅1976年在Nature发表的论文（以及以后的系列工作）开创了生物

学中“混沌动力学”这个新领域。

梅还首次把环境随机性和空间异质性纳入到种群动力学模型当中，并据此探讨了

一些生态系统管理中的种群数量变动问题；通过数学模型对昆虫寄生蜂野生种群

的周期波动进行了卓有成效的研究。

进入上个世纪九十年代以来，梅的研究兴趣除基础理论生态学研究外也开始向应

用领域倾斜。他与Anderson合作，系统地研究了病毒和细菌如何影响寄主种群

以及它们的分布等问题，对公共卫生政策问题产生了深远影响。他研究了艾滋病

扩散的条件，利用简化数学模型和计算机模拟对预测艾滋病蔓延提供了必要的数

据。在生物多样性领域，梅也起到了领导者之一的作用。

Ilkka Hanski教授，1953年2月14日出生，1976年毕业于芬兰赫尔辛基大学，

1979年在英国牛津大学获得动物学博士学位，然后一直在赫尔辛基大学工作；

1993年起正式任生态学和动物学教授，1995年起任芬兰科学院研究教授。他所

领导的研究群体1996年被芬兰科学院确定为“杰出研究中心”。

Hanski教授是种群生态学领域的权威，尤其是在集合种群（metapopulation）生

态学领域内，更是国际上首屈一指的专家，发表了200余篇高水平论文，已编辑

出版了4本具有重要国际影响的学术专著。他目前担任联合国生物多样性方面的

DIVERSITAS规划项目指导委员会委员；担任过（或正在担任）8种国际著名生

态学学术刊物的编委。他所获得的荣誉称号包括：

1998, member of the Academia Europaea；

1999, Prize in Terrestrial Ecology, International Ecology Institute (ECI);

1999, President's Gold Medal, The British Ecological Society;

2000, foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences;

2000, Balzan Prize

2001, Sewall Wright Award of the American Society of Naturalists

2001, member of the Finnish Academy of Science and Letters.

Hanski教授还与中国的学术研究有着紧密的联系。他是北京师范大学生态学研究

所和"生物多样性与生态工程"教育部重点实验室学术委员会的名誉委员。他与国

内的雷光春教授（北大）、张大勇教授（北师大）有着紧密的学术交往，同时在

我国国家基金委资助下还开展了网蛱蝶集合种群的合作研究。

（信息来源/cgi-bin/?forum=2&topic=10&show=）

J. Lawton (Center for population biology, Imperial College Silwood Park,

COUNTRY-REGIoN w:st="on">U.K.)

主要从事种群生物学，生态学和生态系统生态学。是被引用频次最高的科学家之

一。

J. P. Grime (University of Sheffield, Dept Anim & Plant Sci, Unit Comparat

Plant Ecol, Sheffield S10 2TN, S Yorkshire, on">England)

其最有影响的工作是关于植物生活史对策的“R－S－C”理论，这一理论进入了几

乎所有国家的生态学教材里。也是植物群落生态学方面有影响的专家，现在也在

生物多样性、生态系统生态学等领域有些工作。

F.A. Bazza (Harvard Univ, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Cambridge, M

A 02138 USA

N>)

是植物资源分配生态学研究领域的不争的第一。比较全面的研究了植物繁殖、生

长以及防御等等各种活动涉及到的资源分配，及其在不同生境条件中的可塑性。

在植物生理学，以及全球变化下的植物反应也有较多的工作。

E.P. Odum (1913-)

University of illinois 的博士。1947开始执教于University of Georgia 。1953

出版了经典著作《

Fundamentals of Ecology

》（国内翻译为《生态学基础》），

开创了“生态系统”研究的热潮，并一直是该领域的领军人物，对生态系统结构与

功能、生态系统的演替、生态系统服务等生态学重要问题进行了深入的研究，提

出了生物“冗余”概念，引起世界范围的反响（见动植物板块的“生物的冗余“一

帖）。1977 获得泰勒奖（Tyler Award ），1988获得瑞典科学院颁发的克拉夫

奖（Craafort Prize。生态学的诺贝尔奖）。现在已经退休了。

他有个兄弟也是搞生态学的，主要从事的是系统生态学（数学生态学）领域，也

有一定影响。

Ilkka Hanski教授，1953年2月14日出生，1976年毕业于芬兰赫尔辛基大学，1979年在英国牛津大学获

得动物学博士学位，然后一直在赫尔辛基大学工作；1993年起正式任生态学和动物学教授，1995年起任芬

兰科学院研究教授。他所领导的研究群体1996年被芬兰科学院确定为“杰出研究中心”。

Hanski教授是种群生态学领域的权威，尤其是在集合种群（metapopulation）生态学领域内，更是国际上

首屈一指的专家，发表了200余篇高水平论文，已编辑出版了4本具有重要国际影响的学术专著。他目前

担任联合国生物多样性方面的DIVERSITAS规划项目指导委员会委员；担任过（或正在担任）8种国际著名

生态学学术刊物的编委。他所获得的荣誉称号包括：

1998, member of the Academia Europaea；

1999, Prize in Terrestrial Ecology, International Ecology Institute (ECI);

1999, President's Gold Medal, The British Ecological Society;

2000, foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences;

2000, Balzan Prize

2001, Sewall Wright Award of the American Society of Naturalists

2001, member of the Finnish Academy of Science and Letters.

Hanski教授与生态学研究所长期以来一直保持密切的学术联系，为"生物多样性与生态工程"教育部重点实

验室学术委员会名誉委员。目前，他与国内有多方面合作，如与北大雷光春教授、北师大张大勇教授合作

在“生物多样性”杂志上发表过一篇综述性论文，在《理论生态学研究》一书中撰写了一章，介绍集合种

群研究的现状和进展。同时在国家基金委资助下还开展了网蛱蝶集合种群的合作研究。

国际著名生态学家Jorgensen教授学术报告资料

应中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室资源环境模型与系统模拟研究组邀请，

Danish University of Pharmaceutical Sciences工程学教授、国际著名生态学家、Ecological Modeling主编、Interna

科学与资源研究所做题为“生态建模的回顾与展望”的讲座。

Lake Environmental Committee主席、Ecological Indicator副主编Jorgensen博士于2005年9月28日在中国科学

Jorgensen教授简历：Jorgensen教授系丹麦哥本哈根人，The Danish University of Pharmaceutical Science

教授。1975年和1990年分别获得德国卡尔斯鲁厄大学的工学（环境工程）博士和哥本哈根大学的理学（生态建模）

1974年至今担任Ecological Modeling主编及Ecological Indicator副主编职务；1978年至今为丹麦农业大学环境

生态技术专业兼职教授；1991年被聘为美国俄亥俄州大学名誉教授；1995年至今担任国际湖泊环境委员会主席职务；

1978-1996年担任国际生态建模协会常务秘书长职务；2005年被聘为中国科学院讲席教授；另外，还是Water Resou

Developments、Urban Systems、Ecological Engineering 、Environmental Software and Modeling等17本期刊杂

项著名国际性大奖。

委。曾获得Stockholm Water Prize(2004)、The 1st Prigogine Prize(2004)、ISEM-award(2000)、Career Prize等

Jorgensen教授主要研究领域为生态系统、生态建模、生态工程、水生系统环境的研究与管理等方面。在国际著

上表论文300余篇，出版专著58部；20多个国家以名誉教授多次邀请作长期专题系列讲座，作过的国际性讲座近10

在生态建模和生态工程研究短期考察中，Jorgensen教授曾多次考察了不同国家近50个地区。这次讲座包括Spatial

modeling等四个专题。

modeling、A new and applicable ecosystem theory、Lake, reservoir and wetland modeling和Structurally d