2024年4月28日发(作者：)

2020年7月大学英语四级考试真题（组合卷）

(总分：710.00，做题时间：120分钟)

一、Part Ⅰ Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.50)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the

use of translation apps. You can start your essay with the sentence "The use of

translation apps is becoming increasingly popular. " You should write at least 120

words but no more than 180 words.（分数：106.50）

__________________________________________________________________________________

________

正确答案：(

The use of translation apps is becoming increasingly popular.

Consequently ,people are getting more opportunities to speak or meet another

language but their own mother tongue with the development of the economy.

Undoubtedly , an app of translation is crucial for people who cannot handle the

language perfectly. But the viewpoints are split one whether this kind of apps are

wholly a good thing.

Where there is a light , there is a shadow. Some people argue that a translation

app will bridge them with the native speakers adequately no matter who will be a

traveler or a businessman. It will pose a huge threat for people who can not

understand what they say. Fortunately , everyone will interact richly with the apps

like this. On the other hand, some people think that the translations app cannot

fully create and convey the feelings on the authentic language. As a result , it will

bring more misunderstandings. Besides, the opponents take the point of view that

people will be more over-reliant on the mobile-phones and Internet.

Form where I stand , I would take the the translation on this kind of apps as a

reference rather than a kind of dependence. The most effective and beneficial way

to express yourself and communicate with a foreigner is to improve one's ability to

exert this unfamiliar language. As an old saying goes is Practice makes perfect.

)

解析：

【参考译文】

在经济飞速发展的当下，人们有越来越多的机会使用外语。所以对那些外语说的没有

那么好的人来说，一款翻译软件就至关重要。可是人们对这款软件却有不同的看法。

凡事皆有两面，有些人觉得这样的软件可以很好地沟通人们，不管你是旅行或者和一

个外国人谈生意。如果语言不通会造成很大困扰，但有了这样的软件，大家的交流会更顺

畅从而提高效率。但是另一方面，有些人会觉得这种软件有时候不能准确地表情达意从而

造成误会，再者，这会使人过分依赖手机和网络。

于我而言，我觉得更好的是把这些软件里的翻译当作一种参考，而不应过度相信和使

用。最有效和有用的提高个人表达自己和与外国人沟通能力的方式就是学会去掌握这门陌

生语言，所谓熟能生巧。

二、Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension(总题数：0，分数：0.00)

三、Section A(总题数：3，分数：49.70)

Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.（分数：

14.2）

(1).（分数：7.1）

the weather forecast.

te the area with the orange alert.

travel on Wednesday. √

e enough food and drink.

解析：

细节辨认题。新闻中提到，交通部长建议受橙色预警影响的苏格兰部分地区的民众避

免在周三出行。

【听力原文】

Good morning. In today's headlines，Scotland's transport minister has warned

of potentially extreme weather conditions as heavy snow is forecast across the

country later this week. Orange warnings are in force for many areas for

Wednesday and Thursday. (1)The transport minister advised people in parts of

Scotland covered by the orange alert to avoid travel on Wednesday. This is what

he said to us: "The orange warning maybe raised to red in some areas. That is a

warning for snow that has never been seen since the modern system came into

place in Scotland.”"The orange warning has been extended until on

Thursday. Trains，planes and ferries are also likely to be affected，with a wind chill

that could see parts of Britain feeling as cold as minus15 degrees Celsius. (2)The

head of road policing said,“I would urge drivers to take extra care on the roads for

their journeys. Drivers should make sure they're prepared for their journey with

warm clothing，food and drink，sufficient fuel and a charged mobile phone. There

could be significant traffic delays，so please start to plan your journey now and

consider if you really need to travel when conditions are this poor.”

Question 1: What were people at parts of Scotland advised to do?

Question 2: What did the head of road policing urge drivers to do?

(2).（分数：7.1）

more attention to the roads. √

at a safer place

more mobile phones.

a train home.

解析：

细节辨认题。新闻最后提到，道路警察负责人会敦促司机在旅途中格外关注路面状况。

司机们出门应做好充分准备，要有御寒的衣服、食物和饮料，要有足够的燃料，并确保手

机充满电。

Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.（分数：

14.2）

(1).（分数：7.1）

is only one ecosystem in Europe.

a's wetlands thrive again. √

wildlife in Romania isn't well protected.

are 200 species of birds in Romania's wetlands.

解析：

主旨大意题。新闻开头提到，在当地社区、世界野生动物基金会和欧盟的资助下，罗

马尼亚的湿地正在恢复生机。接下来新闻讲述了该湿地的恢复状况。

【听力原文】

(3)Romania's wetlands are coming back to life, thanks to help from local

communities, the World Wildlife Fund and funding from the European Union.

Roughly 2,224 acres of the picturesque Danube Delta – home to 300 species of

birds – have filled with wildlife. The land has been connected to the network of

lakes and streams in the area.

"A lot of birds have migrated to the area and one doesn't need to travel long

hours anymore or go to other lakes to watch the birds, "says Ion Meuta, Deputy

Mayor of Mahmudia.

The area around Mahmudia, which is a UNESCO World Heritage site, is the

third-most biodiverse in the world, after Australia's Great Barrier Reef and the

Galapagos Islands. Groups used earth-moving equipment to restore the waterways.

(4)Government officials proposed to protect the area's endangered wild fish by

issuing a fishing ban over the next decade.

Questions 3: What is the news report mainly about?

Questions 4: What did government's officials propose to do to protect the

endangered fish?

(2).（分数：7.1）

the waterways.

e the fishing ban.

monitoring equipment.

it fishing in the next 10 years. √

解析：

细节辨认题。新闻最后提到，政府官员提议在未来十年颁布禁渔令，以保护该地区濒

危的野生鱼类。

Questions 5 and 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.（分数：

21.3）

(1).（分数：7.1）

had a car accident. √

attended his graduation ceremony.

had a heart attack.

gave a performance in the auditorium.

解析：

推理判断题。新闻开头提到，一个月前Scott的高中举行了毕业典礼，而且上周他们

又举办了一次。因为Scott的车祸是在5 月 22 日，正好在毕业典礼之前三天。由此可知，

一个月前Scott出了车祸。

【听力原文】

Scott Dunn, recently awoke from a medically-induced sleep he'd been in after

a car accident. He was heartbroken after realizing he'd missed his high school

graduation. His classmates decided to give him a second chance. (5)It was just a

month ago that East Juniata High School seniors met in the school's auditorium

for graduation. And last week, they did it again. Scott's car accident was on May

22nd, just 3 days before the ceremony. (6)"I remember waking up in the hospital

and asking mom, 'What day it was', she told me it was the 28th." He said. "I looked

at her and said, 'I missed my graduation.' " The school's principal, Mr. Fausey, called

Scott's mom Karen and said that everybody wants to do something special for him.

Students wore their caps and gowns and sat in the front of the auditorium. Scott's

parents, Karen and Scott Senior, sat front and center. After brief speeches, Scott's

name was called, only Scott's name. He walked across the stage as the audience

cheered. A graduation for one. (7)"I'm speechless," Scott said. "I don't know how

to even explain it. I'm speechless to know that so many people are behind me."

Question 5: What happened to Scot a month ago?

Question 6: What did Scot ask about when he regained consciousness?

Question 7: Why was Scot speechless at the graduation ceremony?

(2).（分数：7.1）

happened to him.

date it was. √

the graduation ceremony was.

he was.

解析：

细节辨认题。新闻中提到， Scott在医院醒来后向妈妈问了一下日期。

(3).（分数：7.1）

was really touched by his classmates. √

didn't know what happened at all.

couldn't remember what to say.

parents wore caps and gowns.

解析：

目的原因题。新闻最后提到，在毕业典礼上，Scott激动得说不出话来，因为他发现有

这么多人在支持他。

四、Section B(总题数：2，分数：56.80)

Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：

28.4）

(1).（分数：7.1）

children's disruption.

atmosphere

C.A sense of isolation. √

working hours .

解析：

细节辨认题。对话开头女士提到，她发现独处有时很有挑战性，即在家工作有种与世

隔绝之感。

【听力原文】

Conversation One

M：How do you like your new flexible work in arrangement? Do you enjoy

working from home?

W：Yes and no. (8)I find an isolation challenging at times. Apart from my mother,

not too many people I know, have time for phone chat during working hour. I tried

the library but found I wasn't really keen on working there.

M：No, neither would I. (9)I find the library a bit too quiet. I'd lack inspiration

or stimulation, which would be counter-productive to getting a lot of work done.

W：I found the same thing. So, lately, I've been going out to Cafés occasionally,

(10)I love the noise, the people, the busyness of a Café, the sense of being out in

the world.

M: Coffee shops seem to have affectively become off spaces for so many

people in this digital age. Though I'm not sure how Café owners feel about it -

having so many people who go to that places to work rather than drink and eat.

W：Yes, some people seem to spend a lot of time there and not order much.

(11)The most annoying one for Café owners must truly be those, usually only two

of them, who occupy a table for six with their laptops and paperwork.

M：They should sit at a table for two, not the table for six. Some obviously stay

so long, they need to plug the laptops into a power adapter. I nearly tripped over

someone's computer electrical lead the other day in my local café.

W：It's a double-edged sword, no doubt about that, for a Café owner. While

remote workers help to keep the café full in quiet times, they can take up valuable

table space and busy periods.

Questions8: What does the woman say is the disadvantage of working from

home?

Questions9: What does the man say is counter-productive to getting work

done in the library?

Questions10: What does the woman like about doing one's work in a café?

Questions11: What is most annoying for café owners according to the woman?

(2).（分数：7.1）

doesn't offer coffee.

's too quiet. √

doesn't have free Wi-Fi.

lacks the material he needs .

解析：

细节辨认题。对话中男士提到，图书馆有点太安静了，会让他缺乏灵感或激励，这对

完成大量工作会产生适得其反的效果。

(3).（分数：7.1）

sense of being out in the world. √

coffee it provides.

coffee table .

comfortable working condition.

解析：

细节辨认题。对话中女士提到，她喜欢咖啡馆的嘈杂、那里的人、忙碌的气氛，以及

那种置身于外面世界的感觉。

(4).（分数：7.1）

don't order anything .

bring their laptops and paperwork.

occupy valuable table space in quiet times.

of two occupy a table for six. √

解析：

细节辨认题。对话中女士提到，咖啡馆的老板们最讨厌的肯定是那些两个人因为办公

占用六人桌的情况，他们带着笔记本电脑和文件。

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：

28.4）

(1).（分数：7.1）

is not satisfied with the salary. √

is not capable of the job.

often works overtime.

's received a job offer from another company.

解析：

细节辨认题。女士在对话开头指出，她要找份新工作，因为自己在公司短期内不会有

晋升的机会，她认为自己的能力应该得到更高的薪水。

【听力原文】

Conversation Two

W: I'm going to start working for another job. (12)I can't see myself getting an

opportunity to progress on my company anytime in the near future. And I really

think my skills and abilities deserve a higher salary.

M: You are not going to quit, are you?

W: I'm thinking I might as well. Then I can devote more time and energy to

find me a better position at another company.

M: But you've been in your present company less than two years, haven't you?

This would be the third time you've left your job in the last five years. (13)If you do

several jobs in a relatively short span of time, perspective employers might see that

you lack loyalty. That could make them worry and reluctant to employ you.

W: Unfortunately, loyalty doesn't pay. Even if I get a promotion at my company,

it's likely to be less sizeable than if I were to get a job elsewhere. (14)And even if I

get a promotion, I'm not guaranteed to get a raise. I had that experience at another

company I worked up.

M: They want you to take on more work and responsibility but for the same

amount of money?

W: More or less, yes. (15)The way I see it, through having different jobs, I've

got a lot of experience, and different jobs and in different industries.

M: But potential employers might worry about that experience is not deep, or

thorough enough.

W: Perhaps, but I feel pretty confident that I can sell myself. You know what

they say, fortune favors the brave.

Q12: What makes the woman think about changing her job?

Q13: What does the man say about people who keep changing their jobs?

Q14: What does the woman say would happen even if she got promoted in

her current company?

Q15: What benefit has the woman gain from changing her jobs frequently?

(2).（分数：7.1）

may be considered as less loyal. √

won't get the promotion opportunities.

should take more responsibility at work.

will be given hiring priority.

解析：

细节辨认题。对话中男士提到，这是女士在过去五年里第三次离职。如果一个人频繁

换工作，未来的雇主可能会认为这种人缺乏忠诚度。

(3).（分数：7.1）

might have to do extra work everyday.

might not get a pay rise. √

might not get enough vacation.

might not gain more experience.

解析：

细节辨认题。对话中女士提到，即使她在自己的公司得到了晋升，也不能保证她一定

会加薪。

(4).（分数：7.1）

ence. √

ence.

e.

unity.

解析：

细节辨认题。对话中女士提到，通过做不同的工作，女士在各行业中积累了丰富的经

验。

五、Section C(总题数：3，分数：142.00)

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：42.6）

(1).（分数：14.2）

's a horrible feeling.

can be a blessing. √

's boring and dangerous.

's the most comfortable state.

解析：

细节辨认题。短文中指出，独处实际上是一种好事，尤其是当你主动选择独处的时候。

【听力原文】

There is a saying that goes something along the lines of ‘You must love

yourself first before you can love someone else.’ Similarly, I personally believe

that you must be comfortable and happy in your own company before you can

truly be yourself in the company of others. There is a massive difference between

being lonely and being alone. Loneliness is a horrible feeling. However, you don't

have to actually be alone to feel that way. Many times, I've felt lonely when

surrounded by a big group of people. (16)In contrast, being alone can actually be

a blessing, particularly, when you've actively chosen it. In my experience, being

bored and alone is dangerous and can easily lead to the feeling of loneliness.

(17)The trick is to be active. Get outside, stretch your legs, do something cultural,

buy yourself something tasty to eat or something pretty to wear. You don't have to

take anyone else into consideration and can do whatever you please. (18)Spending

time alone also allows you to more efficiently take care of problems. And then,

when it's time to be social and meet up with your friends, you will be fully there,

because you won't have too much other stuff floating around in your mind. Having

been alone for a bit, you will also appreciate your friends' company more and

chances are your time spent together will be more worthwhile.

Question 16: What does the speaker say about being alone?

Question 17: What does the speaker say how to reduce one's feeling of

loneliness?

Question 18: What is an advantage of spending one's time alone?

(2).（分数：14.2）

be active. √

meet up with your friends.

travel abroad.

seek advice from others.

解析：

细节辨认题。讲话者指出，减少孤独感关键是要活跃起来。出去走走，伸展一下你的

腿，参加一些文化活动，给自己买一些美味的食物或漂亮的衣服。你不必考虑其他任何人，

你可以做任何你喜欢的事情。

(3).（分数：14.2）

provides a chance for people to think deeply.

makes us treasure the time.

enables one to identify true friends.

helps us take care of problems more efficiently. √

解析：

细节辨认题。短文最后提到，独处能让人更有效地处理问题。

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：42.6）

(1).（分数：14.2）

is a harsh person.

is mean to others.

is very demanding in his work. √

usually works very late.

解析：

推理判断题。短文中提到，任何为讲话者的父亲工作的人都必须符合他的标准，这也

包括讲话者。如果讲话者搞砸了，他就让讲话者做到很晚，直到讲话者把事情做好。讲话

者的父亲并不刻薄，他对自己也有同样的要求，他清扫的每一 块砖，都像一颗在白色背景

下闪闪发光的红宝石。 由此可知，讲话者的父亲对工作要求很高。

【听力原文】

When I turned twelve, I worked summers at my father's small brick cleaning

business. I remember the harsh acid smell of the cleaning solution, and the

scraping sound of stiff iron brushes against rough brick. It was tempting to have

your job just finish. (19)But anybody who worked for Thomas Kahoon had to meet

his standards, and that include of me. If I messed up, he made me stay late until I

got it right. My father wasn't been me. He demanded the same at himself. Every

brick he cleaned on the house stood out like a red jewel in a white setting. It was

his signature. (20)In 1970, when I was twenty, I got married. I moved out my

parent's modest place into a housing project. Drugs and gang violent were just

beginning to plague the projects. Some of my friend went to jail. Some were killed.

My wife Verllen, was 18, and nobody gave our marriage a chance. But we believed

in each other. And our faith made us strong. (21)When we married, I worked as a

stock clerk at Southwest Super Food. It was hard, tedious work. Each Friday night

a truck came, with cases of food that had to be unloaded, priced and placed on

shelves. Most of stock clerks try to get Friday night off. But I was always ready to

work. By Saturday morning, all the kinds and drawers in my aisle would place with

a label facing smartly out, like a line of soldiers on review. That was my signature. I

took pride in a job nobody wanted.

Questions 19: What do we learn about the speaker's father?

Questions 20: What does the speak say about the housing project?

Questions 21: What do we learn about the speaker as a stock clerk?

(2).（分数：14.2）

moved out and divorced.

was plagued by drugs and gang violence. √

lived there for 20 years.

parents would move into his new house.

解析：

细节辨认题。短文中提到，讲话者20岁的时候结婚了，并从父母简陋的住所搬到了一

个住宅区。住宅区开始饱受毒品和帮派暴力的困扰。

(3).（分数：14.2）

was only responsible for unloading food.

had to sign his name on every label.

was a hard and tedious job. √

was required to work at Friday night.

解析：

细节辨认题。短文最后提到，讲话者结婚时在一家食品公司做仓库管理员。这项工作

艰苦而乏味。

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：56.8）

(1).（分数：14.2）

recording the time people spend on TV.

tracking people's living habits.

using memory and fluency tests. √

scanning people's brains.

解析：

细节辨认题。短文开头提到，一项针对 3000多名成年人的新研究分析了看电视的时

长对老年人记忆力衰退的影响。伦敦大学学院的科学家们对同一组人进行了记忆和流利度

测试。

【听力原文】

Watching more than 3 hours of television a day doubles memory loss in older

people, a new study of more than 3,000 adults suggests. (22)Scientist at University

College London used memory and fluency tests on the same group of people 6

years apart. They found that those who watched on average less than 3 hours

television a day showed a decline ever round 4 to 5 percent, while those who

tended to watch more than 3 hours a day declined by an average of 8 to 10 percent.

(23)The research team say they believe the alert but passive nature of television

watching maybe creating stress on the mind, which contributes to memory decline.

Older people who watch more television are also less likely to undertake activities

knowing to preserve mental functioning, such as reading or interactive screen base

pursuits, such as using the internet or playing video games. (24)The researchers

say that television viewing maybe a risk factor for all Alzheimer's disease, but more

researches needed to establish a link. While watching television may have

educational benefits and relaxation benefits, (25)the researchers advise that adults

over the age of 50 should try and ensure that television viewing is balanced with

other contrasting activities. If you're concerned that the amount of television you're

watching could have a negative impact on your health, you should eliminate the

amount of TV watch each day and undertake some healthy hobbies.

Questions22: By what means does scientist at University College London

measure memory lost?

Questions23: What contributed to memory decline in the participants?

Questions24: What did the researchers say about their finding concerning the

link between TV viewing and xxx this disease?

Questions25: What do the researchers suggest older people do?

(2).（分数：14.2）

ng television for hours. √

g video games.

g books and magazines.

g the Internet.

解析：

细节辨认题。短文中提到，研究小组表示看电视的“警觉而被动”的特性可能会给大

脑造成压力，从而导致记忆力衰退。

(3).（分数：14.2）

sion viewing may be a potential factor for Alzheimer's disease. √

mer's patients tend to watch television more than 3 hours a day.

research has confirmed the link between them.

sion watching is beneficial to Alzheimer's patients.

解析：

细节辨认题。研究人员表示，看电视可能是患老年痴呆症的一个风险因素，但需要更

多的研究来确定两者之间的联系。

(4).（分数：14.2）

television no more than 3 hours each day.

e television viewing with other contrasting activities. √

some educational TV programs.

more physical exercise.

解析：

细节辨认题。短文最后提到，研究人员建议50岁以上的成年人应该努力确保看电视和

其他不同活动之间的平衡。

六、Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension(总题数：0，分数：0.00)

七、Section A(总题数：1，分数：35.50)

“Science and everyday life cannot and should not be separated.” Those were

the words uttered by pioneering British scientist Rosalind Franklin, who firmly

believed that the pursuit of science should be 【A1】________ to all.

As a woman working in the first half of the 20th century, Franklin's

contributions to some of the greatest scientific discoveries of our time - including

the structure of DNA - were sadly 【A2】________ in her lifetime.

More than 60 years after Franklin's death, we are 【A3】________ living in a

different world, where women play an important part in every echelon（阶层） of

our society——not least in science, innovation, higher education and research. UK

universities are world leaders when it comes to advancing and 【A4】________ gender

equality.

In the past decade, we have seen a 【A5】________ increase in England in the

number of women accepted on to full-time undergraduate degrees in science,

technology, engineering and maths (Stem subjects). And in the last academic year,

women 【A6】________ for more than half of all Stem postgraduates at UK

universities.

Data shows us the 【A7】________ to success gets harder for women to climb

the further up they go. Although women make up the majority of undergraduates

in our universities, just under half of academic staff are female. At 【A8】________

levels, only a quarter of professors are women, and black women make up less than

2% of all female academic staff.

There are also stark differences in pay across grades. The gender pay gap based

on median salaries across the sector in 2016-17 was 13.7%, 【A9】________ there is

still some way to go to ensure women are rising through the ranks to higher grade

positions and being paid 【A10】________.

A) accessible

B) accounted

C) adaptation

D) appropriately

E ) considerable

F) effective

G) ladder

H) misread

I) nomination

J) overlooked

K) promoting

L) senior

M) submission

N) suggesting

O) thankfully（分数：35.50）

(1).【A1】（分数：3.55）

A. √

B.

C.

D.

E.

F.

G.

H.

I.

J.

K.

L.

M.

N.

O.

解析：

accessible 可接近的，可达到的，容易理解的。首先知道，本段第一句就说到科学对

于生活的重要性。然后看一下空格前后的内容，判断此题在句子中充当的成分，should be

后边要么是分词，要么是形容词。她认为追求科学是大家都应该能做到的。accessible意

思完全符合。

(2).【A2】（分数：3.55）

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

F.

G.

H.

I.

J. √

K.

L.

M.

N.

O.

解析：

overlooked 被忽视的。看到空前单词sadly，说明此处应该是一个负面的词，句子主

干是说，她的贡献很遗憾被________，被动语态，overlooked完全吻合。

(3).【A3】（分数：3.55）

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

F.

G.

H.

I.

J.

K.

L.

M.

N.

O. √

解析：

thankfully 感激地，高兴地。看空格所在句子是一个完整的句子，所以应该是填写副

词，而后where说明了我们生活的世界女性重要，所以，空格词是正向的。thankfully符

合句意。

(4).【A4】（分数：3.55）

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

F.

G.

H.

I.

J.

K. √

L.

M.

N.

O.

解析：

promoting 促进。此空内容与and前的“advancing前进的”并列，所以是一个同

性的词，并且是正向的，意思一致的，只有promoting合适。

(5).【A5】（分数：3.55）

A.

B.

C.

D.

E. √

F.

G.

H.

I.

J.

K.

L.

M.

N.

O.

解析：

considerable 相当大的，重要的。根据上一题前的内容，说英国大学在推动性别平等

方面是世界性领导者，而此处说，在过去的十几年里，我们看到了在英格拉看到了________

的增加在女性的进步方面。肯定是巨大的，大幅度的，才符合。所以选considerable。

(6).【A6】（分数：3.55）

A.

B. √

C.

D.

E.

F.

G.

H.

I.

J.

K.

L.

M.

N.

O.

解析：

accounted 认为；account for 占……比例；对……负责。这个选项比较好选，妇女

________了一半以上的人数，肯定是占了多少人数。与for搭配，比较选项只有account for

合适，然后看时态，过去时，符合语法规则。

(7).【A7】（分数：3.55）

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

F.

G. √

H.

I.

J.

K.

L.

M.

N.

O.

解析：

ladder 梯子，阶梯。分析空格的内容，发现句子缺少主语名词，而主语主修饰的词是

“成功”，后边女性要攀爬，女性攀爬成功的________越来越难，又是名词，只能选ladder。

(8).【A8】（分数：3.55）

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

F.

G.

H.

I.

J.

K.

L. √

M.

N.

O.

解析：

senior 高级的，年迈的，有经验的。分析空格，应该是形容词。后边说，虽然学校里

女性多，但是只有四分之一的女性教授，表明女性攀爬成功的阶梯越来越难。对比选项，

只有L最合适。因此，选senior。

(9).【A9】（分数：3.55）

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

F.

G.

H.

I.

J.

K.

L.

M.

N. √

O.

解析：

suggesting 表明，暗示。看下段首句，降到工资不平等问题。后边说确保女性工资增

长还有一段路要走，前后衔接，对比剩下的选项，suggesting表明，意味着，符合句意。

(10).【A10】（分数：3.55）

A.

B.

C.

D. √

E.

F.

G.

H.

I.

J.

K.

L.

M.

N.

O.

解析：

appropriately 适当的，合适的。空前说，女性需要提升更高级别的地位，并且被

________的付工资。争取平等，争取合理保障，工资合理。appropriately 最符合句意。

八、Section B(总题数：1，分数：71.00)

How to Eat Well

A) Why do so many Americans eat tons of processed food, the stuff that is

correctly called junk(垃圾) and should really carry warning labels?

B) It's not because fresh ingredients are hard to come by Supermarkets offer

more variety than ever, and there are over four times as many famers' markets in

the U.S. as there were 20 years ago. Nor is it for lack of available information. There

are plenty of recipes(食谱), how-to videos and cooking classes available to anyone

who has a computer, smartphone or television. If anything the information is

overwhelming.

C) And yet we aren't cooking. If you eat three meals a day and behave like most

Americans, you probably get at least a third of your daily calories(卡路里) outsides

the home. Nearly two-thirds of us grab fast food once a week, and we get almost

25% of our daily calories from snacks. So we're eating out or taking in, and we don't

sit down—or we do, but hurry.

D) Shouldn't preparing—and consuming—food be a source of comfort, pride,

health, well-being, relaxation, sociability? Something that connects us to other

humans? Why should we want to outsource(外包) this basic task, especially when

outsourcing it is so harmful?

E) When I talk about cooking,I'm not talking about creating elaborate dinner

parties or three-day science projects. I'm talking about simple, easy, everyday

meals. My mission is to encourage green hands and those lacking time or money

to feed themselves. That means we need modest, realistic expectation, and we

need to teach people to cook food that's good enough to share with family and

friends.

F) Perhaps a return to real cooking needn't be far off. A recent Harris poll

revealed that 79% of Americans say they enjoy cooking and 30% “love it”; 14%

admit to not enjoying kitchen work and just 7% won't go near the stove at all. But

this doesn't necessarily translate to real cooking and the result of this survey

shouldn't surprise anyone; 52% of those 65 or older cook at home five or more

times per week; only a third of young people do.

G) Back in the 1950s most of us grew up in households where Mom cooked

virtually every night. The intention to put a home-cooked meal on the table was

pretty much universal. Most people couldn't afford to do otherwise.

H) Although frozen dinners were invented in the 40s, their popularity didn't

boom until televisions became popular a decade or so later. Since then packaged,

pre-prepared meals have been what's for dinner. The microwave and fast-food

chains were the biggest catalysts(催化剂),but the big food companies—which want

to sell anything except the raw ingredients that go into cooking—made the home

cook an endangered species.

I) Still, I find it strange that only a third of young people report preparing meals

at home regularly. Isn't this the same crowd that rails against processed junk and

champions craft cooking? And isn't this the generation who say they're concerned

about their health and the wee-being of the planet? If these are truly the values of

many young people, then tier behavior doesn't match their beliefs.

J) There have been half-hearted but well-publicized efforts by some food

campaigns to reduce calories in their processed foods, but the Standard American

Diet is still the polar opposite of the healthy, mostly plant-based diet that just about

every expert says we should be eating. Considering that the governments

standards are not nearly ambitious enough, the picture is clear: by nor cooking at

home, we're not eating the right things, and the consequences are hard to

overstate.

K) To help quantify(量化) the costs of a poor diet, I recently tried to estimate

this impact in terms of a most famous food, the burger(汉堡包). I concluded that

the profit from burgers is more than offset(抵消) by the damage they cause in

health problems and environmental harm.

L) Cooking real food is the best defense —not to mention that any meal you're

likely to eat at home contains about 200 fewer calories than one you would cat in

a restaurant.

M) To those Americans for whom money is a concern, my advice is simple; Buy

what you can afford, and cook it yourself. The common prescription is to primarily

shop the grocery store, since that's where fresh produce, meat and seafood, and

dairy are. And to save money and still eat well you don't need local organic

ingredients; all you need is real food. I'm not saying local food isn't better, it is. But

there is plenty of decent food in the grocery stores.

N) The other sections you should get to know are the frozen foods and the

canned goods. Frozen produce is still produce; canned tomatoes are still tomatoes.

Just make sure you're getting real food without tons of added salt or sugar. Ask

yourself, Would Grandma consider this food? Does it look like something that

might occur in nature? It's pretty much common sense: you want to buy food, not

unidentifiable hood like objects.

O) You don't have to hit the grocery store daily, nor do you need an abundance

of skill. Since fewer than half of Americans say they cook at an intermediate level

and only 20% describe their cooking skills as advanced, the crisis is one of

confidence. And the only remedy for that is practice. There's nothing mysterious

about cooking the evening meal. You just have to do a little thinking ahead and

redefine what qualifies as dinner. Like any skill, cooking gets easier as you do it

more; every time you cook, you advance your level of skills,. Someday you won't

even need recipes. My advice is that you not pay attention to the number of steps

and ingredients, because they can be deceiving.

P) Time, I realize, is the biggest obstacle to cooking for most people. You must

adjust you priorities to find time to cook. For instance, you can move a TV to the

kitchen and watch your favorite shows while you're standing at the sink. No one is

asking you to give up activities you like, but if you're watching food shows on TV,

try cooking instead.（分数：71.0）

(1).Cooking benefits people in many ways and enables them to connect with

one another.（分数：7.1）

A.

B.

C.

D. √

E.

F.

G.

H.

I.

J.

K.

L.

M.

N.

O.

P.

解析：

由connect with ode another定位到D段前两句。

细节归纳题。定位句都是反问句，这两句的真实意思是说，烹饪和享用食物会让人们

感到舒适、骄傲、健康、幸福、休闲以及与人交往的快乐，能够将我们与他人联系在一起。

题干是对这两句的归纳总结，故答案为D。

(2).Abundant information about cooking is available either online or on TV.（分

数：7.1）

A.

B. √

C.

D.

E.

F.

G.

H.

I.

J.

K.

L.

M.

N.

O.

P.

解析：

由题干中的information，online和TV定位到B段后三句。

细节归纳题。B段前半部分说明，在美国，购买用于烹饪的食材非常方便。定位句提

到，信息也是足够充足，只要有电脑、智能手机或电视，任何人都可以接触到大量的食谱、

教学视频和烹饪课程，应该说，此类信息铺天盖地。题干是对这三句的归纳总结，故答案

为B。

(3).Young people do less cooking at home than the elderly these days.（分数：

7.1）

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

F. √

G.

H.

I.

J.

K.

L.

M.

N.

O.

P.

解析：

由题干中的Young people和the elderly定位到F段末句。

同义转述题。F段中通过数据提示了目前美国人对于在家做饭这件事情的态度，最后

涉及年轻人和上年纪的人做饭的不同频率：在65岁及以上年龄的人群中，有52%的人每

周至少在家做五次饭；而年轻人中，只有三分之一的人这样做。不到三分之一与52%相比，

明显要少。题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为F。

(4).Cooking skills can be improved with practice.（分数：7.1）

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

F.

G.

H.

I.

J.

K.

L.

M.

N.

O. √

P.

解析：

由题干中的practice定位到O段第三句。

细节推断题。定位段开头就指出，做饭不需要大量技巧，并在定位句中明确指出，唯

一的办法就是实践。后面提到，每做一顿饭，烹饪水平就会有所上升，故答案为O。

(5).In the mid-20th century, most families ate dinner at home instead of eating

out.（分数：7.1）

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

F.

G. √

H.

I.

J.

K.

L.

M.

N.

O.

P.

解析：

由题干中的mid-20th century定位到G段。

细节归纳题。定位段中指出，20世纪50年代，在我们大多数人成长的家庭中，妈妈

几乎每天晚上都会做饭。将家常饭菜摆上桌是非常普遍的想法。当时大多数人没有出去吃

的经济能力。也就是说，那时大多数家庭都不会外出就餐，而是自己在家做饭吃。题干中

的mid-20th century是对原文中1950s的同义转述，题干是对该段的归纳总结，故答案

为G。

(6).Even those short of time or money should be encouraged to cook for

themselves and their family.（分数：7.1）

A.

B.

C.

D.

E. √

F.

G.

H.

I.

J.

K.

L.

M.

N.

O.

P.

解析：

由题于中的short of time or money，encouraged和family定位到E段第三、四

句。

同义转述题。由定位句可知，对于新手和那些没时间或没钱的人来说，也应该鼓励他

们自己喂饱自己，学会烹饪，与家人和朋友分享做好的食物。题干中的short of是对原文

中lacking的同义转述，故答案为E。

(7).Eating food not cooked by ourselves can cause serious consequences.（分

数：7.1）

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

F.

G.

H.

I.

J. √

K.

L.

M.

N.

O.

P.

解析：

由题干中的consequences定位到J段末句。

同义转述题。由定位句可知，政府对于食品安全的标准并不十分严格，如果人们再不

注意，还是大量食用非家庭烹制的食品，其后果十分严重，即使再怎么强调后果的严重性

都不算过分。也就是说，会造成极其严重的后果，题干中的cause serious consequences

是对原文中the consequences are hard to overstate的同义转述，故答案为J。

(8).To eat well and still save money, people should buy fresh food and cook it

themselves.（分数：7.1）

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

F.

G.

H.

I.

J.

K.

L.

M. √

N.

O.

P.

解析：

由题干中的eat well，save money和cook it themselves定位到M段前三句。

细节归纳题。M段开头就指出，对于那些经济上不怎么宽裕的美国人来说，作者的建

议很简单：购买那些能买得起的东西，自己做饭。接下来，作者向人们推荐了销售新鲜食

材的小型杂货店，说想要既省钱又吃好，不见得要去购买有机食材，只要是真正的食物就

可以了。题干是对这三句的归纳总结，故答案为M。

(9).We get a fairly large portion of calories from fast food and snacks.（分数：

7.1）

A.

B.

C. √

D.

E.

F.

G.

H.

I.

J.

K.

L.

M.

N.

O.

P.

解析：

由题干中的calories和snacks定位到C段第二、三句。

同义转述题。C段中通过数字说明了快餐和零食所含的高热量。根据数据，人们每日

卡路里摄入量中，可能至少有三分之一不是来自家常饭菜。有将近三分之二的人一周吃一

次快餐，我们从零食中获取的卡路里几乎能达到日常卡路里摄入量的将近25%。题干是对

定位句的同义转述，故答案为C。

(10).The popularity of TV led to the popularity of frozen food.（分数：7.1）

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

F.

G.

H. √

I.

J.

K.

L.

M.

N.

O.

P.

解析：

由题干中的popularity，TV和frozen food定位到H段首句。

同义转述题。由定位句可知，虽然在40年代就发明了冷冻食品，但直到十几年之后，

它们才在电视机普及后受到人们的大肆欢迎。题干是对原文their popularity didn't boom

until televisions became popular的同义转述，故答案为H。

九、Section C(总题数：2，分数：142.00)

Passage One

The wallet is heading for extinction. As a day-to-day essential, it will die off

with the generation who read print newspapers. The kind of shopping-where you

hand over notes and count out change in return— now happens only in the most

minor of our retail encounters，like buying a bar of chocolate or a pint of milk from

a comer shop. At the shops where you spend any real money, that money is

increasingly abstracted. And this is more and more true, the higher up the scale

you go. At the most cutting-edge retail stores—Victoria Beckham on Dover Street,

for instance—you don't go and stand at any kind of cash register when you decide

to pay. The staff are equipped with iPads to take your payment while you relax on

a sofa.

Which is nothing more or less than excellent service, if you have the money.

But across society, the abstraction of the idea of cash makes me uneasy. Maybe I'm

just old-fashioned. But earning money isn't quick or easy for most of us. Isn't it a

bit weird that spending it should happen in half a blink (眨眼) of an eye? Doesn't a

wallet—that time-honoured Friday-night feeling of pleasing, promising fatness—

represent something that matters?

But I'll leave the economics to the experts. What bothers me about the death

of the wallet is the change it represents in our physical environment. Everything

about the look and feel of a wallet—the way the fastenings and materials wear and

tear and loosen with age, the plastic and paper and gold and silver, and

handwritten phone numbers and printed cinema tickets—is the very opposite of

what our world is becoming. The opposite of a wallet is a smartphone of an iPad.

The rounded edges, cool glass, smooth and unknowable as pebble (鹅卵石). Instead

of digging through pieces of paper and peering into corners, we move our fingers

left and right. No more counting out coins. Show your wallet, if you still have one.

It may not be here much longer.（分数：71.0）

(1).What is happening to the wallet?（分数：14.2）

is disappearing. √

is being fattened.

is becoming costly.

is changing in style.

解析：

由题干中的happening to the wallet定位到首段第一句。

细节辨认题。第一句开篇点题，指出：钱包正在走向灭绝。因此A符合文意。

(2).How are business transactions done in big modern stores?（分数：14.2）

dually.

onically. √

the abstract.

a cash register.

解析：

由题干中的in big modern stores定位到第一段第六、七句。

细节辨认题。定位句指出，在高端的维多利亚 • 贝克汉姆商店里，人们不需要站在收

银台前付款，在沙发上休息时用电子设备即可付款。因此，答案为B。

(3).What makes the author feel uncomfortable nowadays?（分数：14.2）

money is becoming a thing of the past.

pleasing Friday-night feeling is fading.

g money is getting more difficult.

ng money is so fast and easy. √

解析：

由题干中的makes the author feel uncomfortable定位到第二段第二至五句。

细节辨认题。第二段介绍作者的看法。现金概念的抽象化使作者感到不安。究其原因

是作者认为挣钱不容易，而花钱却在一眨眼的瞬间。D“花钱如此快速轻松”符合文意，故

答案为D。

(4).Why does the author choose to write about what's happening to the wallet?

（分数：14.2）

represents a change in the modern world. √

has something to do with everybody's life.

marks the end of a time-honoured tradition.

is the concern of contemporary economists.

解析：

由题干中的why和what's happening to the wallet定位到第三段第二句。

细节辨认题。what's happening to the wallet指的是钱包正在走向灭绝。第二句提

到，钱包的消失给我带来的困扰是关于它所代表的在客观环境中发生的改变。因此A“它

代表现代世界的变化”符合文意，故答案为A。

(5).What can we infer from the passage about the author?（分数：14.2）

is resistant to social changes.

is against technological progress.

feels reluctant to part with the traditional wallet. √

feels insecure in the ever-changing modern world.

解析：

由题干中的infer from the passage定位到全文。

推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了随着科技的发展，钱包逐渐消失的问题。

文章最后一句指出，如果你还有钱包的话就展示出来吧。它也许不会长存于世了。这表达

了作者不愿意舍弃传统钱包，因此答案为C。

Passage Two

It's late in the evening: time to close the book and turn off the computer. You're

done for the day. What you may not realize，however，is that the learning process

actually continues —in your dreams.

lt might sound like science fiction，but researchers are increasingly focusing

on the relationship between the knowledge and skills our brains absorb during the

day and the fragmented，often bizarre imaginings they generate at night. Scientists

have found that dreaming about a task we've learned is associated with improved

performance in that activity ( suggesting that there's some truth to the popular

notion that we're “getting”a foreign language once we begin dreaming in it).

What's more，researchers are coming to recognize that dreaming is an essential

part of understanding，organizing and retaining what we learn.

While we sleep，research indicates，the brain replays the patterns of activity it

experienced during waking hours，allowing us to enter what one psychologist calls

a neural(神经的) virtual reality. A vivid example of such replay can be seen in a video

researchers made recently about sleep disorders. They taught a series of dance

moves to a group of patients with conditions like sleepwalking，in which the sleeper

engages in the kind physical movement that does not normally occur during

then videotaped the subjects as they slept. Lying in bed，eyes closed，

one female patient on the tape performs the dance moves she learned earlier.

This shows that while our bodies are at rest，our brains are drawing what's

important from the information and events we've recently encountered，then

integrating that data into the vast store of what we already know. In a 2010 study，

researchers at Harvard Medical School reported that college students who

dreamed about a computer maze(迷宫) task they had learned showed a 10-fold

improvement in their ability to find their way through the maze compared with

participants who did not dream about the task.

Robert Stickgold，one of the Harvard researchers，suggests that studying right

before bedtime or taking a nap following a study session in the afternoon might

increase the odds of dreaming about the material. Think about that as your head

hits the pillow tonight.（分数：71.0）

(1).What is scientists' finding about dreaming?（分数：14.2）

involves disconnected, weird images.

resembles fragments of science fiction.

ng about a learned task betters its performance. √

ng about things being learned disturbs one's sleep.

解析：

由题干中的 scientists' finding about dreaming定位到第二段第二句。

细节辨认题。定位句提到，科学家们发现，梦到我们已经学过的一项任务与在该活动

中的表现有所提高有关。由此可知，梦到一项学过的任务会改善它的表现，故答案为C。

(2).What happens when one enters a dream state?（分数：14.2）

body continues to act as if the sleeper were awake.

neural activity of the brain will become intensified.

brain behaves as if it were playing a virtual reality video game.

brain once again experiences the learning activities of the day. √

解析：

由题干中的a dream state定位到第三段第一句。

细节辨认题。定位句提到，当我们进入睡眠，大脑回放它在我们清醒时所经历的活动

的模式，使我们进入一种某位心理学家称为神经虚拟现实的状态。由此可知，当我们睡着

时，大脑会再一次体验白天的学习活动，故答案为D。

(3).What does the brain do while we are sleeping?（分数：14.2）

systematizes all the data collected during the day.

substitutes old information with new data.

processes and absorbs newly acquired data. √

classifies information and places it in different files.

解析：

由题干中的brain和 sleeping以及选项定位到第四段第一句。

推理判断题。定位句提到，当我们的身体处于休息状态时，我们的大脑会从我们最近

接触到的信息和事件中提取重要信息，然后将这些信息整合到我们已知的大量信息中。提

取、整合信息的过程也就是处理、吸收信息的过程。由此可推断，在睡眠状态下，大脑处

理和吸收新获得的信息，故答案为C。

(4).What does Robert Stickgold suggest about enhancing learning?（分数：14.2）

a little sleep after studying in the day. √

g up late before going to bed.

a dream about anything.

ng about the odds of dreaming about the material.

解析：

由题干中的Robert Stickgold和 suggest定位到文章最后一段第一句。

细节辨认题。定位句指出，罗伯特• 斯蒂克戈尔德建议，在睡觉前学习或者在下午学

习后小睡一会儿，可能会增加梦到这些材料的可能性。由此可知，白天学习后小睡一会儿

可能会增加梦到学习材料的可能性，进而提高学习能力，故 A为答案。

(5).What can be inferred about dreaming from the passage?（分数：14.2）

may enhance our learning through dreaming. √

ng improves your language ability.

sleepwalkers perform dance moves when they are sleeping.

a nap after learning can help you find the way through the maze.

解析：

本题需要统览整篇文章得出答案。

推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者介绍了几个与做梦相关的实验研究，指出做梦可能

使人们提高学习能力，故答案为A。

十、Part Ⅳ Translation(总题数：1，分数：106.50)

2.在中国，火锅已有2000多年的历史，最早流行于最寒冷的地区，然后在很多地区盛

行，出现了具有地方特色的种类。吃火锅时，家人和朋友围坐在桌边，桌子中间放着热腾

腾的火锅。吃火锅时，人们可以根据自己的口味放肉、海鲜、蔬菜和其他配料，自己烹饪。

人们可以一边尽情地聊天，一边享受美餐。（分数：106.50）

__________________________________________________________________________________

________

正确答案：(

In China, hotpot has got a history more than 2000 years. It became popular

among several chillest areas and it spread to many other place rapidly. Naturally ,

hotpot got more diverse form with the local taste. When eating hotpot, people get

together to sit around a dining-table and the steaming hotpot will be in the middle

on it. People can choose their favorite food such as meat, seafoods, vegetables and

other side dishes to cook them. Diners will chat with each other deeply and enjoy

the delicious foods.

)

解析：

“吃火锅时……”：可以翻译成状语从句的省略，置于句首；

get together： 在英文书面表达和口语中十分地道；

dining-table，餐桌，不会写亦可直接作table；

“热气腾腾地”，若不会翻译不要恋战，直接略过，翻译考察的是整体，而非细节的纠

结；但作为四级必背词汇，steam 是需牢记的；中文中反复出现的“人们”，在作文时可进

行词语替换以体现词汇丰富性，诸如：folks/diners/households。