2024年4月26日发(作者：church)

圣才电子书

十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台

第1章 听力理解

◆讲座（填空）

How Practice Can Damage Your English

1. ____

【答案】reinforce/ increase

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圣才电子书

十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台

【解析】讲座的主题是练习在英语学习中的消极作用。演讲者提到，如果你在练习中存在很

多错误，那么在写作或说话时，便是在巩固这些错误。故此处可填reinforce或increase。

2. ____

【答案】practice/ speaking and writing

【解析】此题涉及练习的消极作用。由录音材料可知，你练得越多，犯的错误也就越多。根

据原文可知，说话和写作都是练习的方式，故此处答案应为practice或speaking and

writing。

3. ____

【答案】simple

【解析】此题涉及避免犯错的方法：写简单正确的句子。录音中提到，在开始阶段，你可以

只写一些简单的句子，但要保证这些句子是正确的，故此处答案应为simple。

4. ____

【答案】complicated/ complex/ difficult

【解析】此题考查避免犯错的方法：循序渐进。录音材料中提到，当你不断进步时，你就会

使用更多复杂结构句。由此可知答案为complicated或其近义词complex或difficult。

5. ____

【答案】eliminate/ eradicate/ get rid of

【解析】讲座中谈到，练习不但不能减少错误，反而会引发错误。根据录音可知，如果你存

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圣才电子书

十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台

在许多错误，谈话和写作并不能消除这些错误。故此空应填eliminate或其同义词eradicate

与get rid of。

6. ____

【答案】reading and listening

【解析】此题涉及解决错误的方法。演讲者提到，你必须阅读和倾听正确的英语句子，以此

来纠正错误。结合题干，可知答案为listening and reading。

7. ____

【答案】avoid making mistakes

【解析】此题涉及结论部分。演讲者在结论中提到，战胜错误并非易事，最好的方法是避免

错误。根据题目意思，可知答案为avoid making mistakes。

8. ____

【答案】error-free

【解析】此题涉及避免错误的第一点建议。首先就是要妥善使用零错误口语规则，根据题意

可知答案为error-free。

9. ____

【答案】input

【解析】此题涉及如何避免在英语学习中犯错误的回答。根据录音材料可知，要增加英语阅

读和听力输入，由此可知答案为input。

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10. ____

圣才电子书

十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台

【答案】good examples/ correct sentences

【解析】此题涉及如何避免在英语学习中犯错误的回答。根据录音材料可知，你可以在大脑

里对所有正确的好例句进行模仿。故答案为good examples或correct sentences。

11. ____

【答案】native speakers

【解析】此题考查学习正确的英语的方法。讲座中演讲者提到，当你正在跟一位本族语者进

行交谈时，你可以采取以下做法。根据题目，可知答案为native speakers。

12. ____

【答案】how to use

【解析】此题考查学习正确的英语的方法。录音中提到，当你说出有可能错误的句子时，其

他人会告诉你正确的用法，由此可推出答案为how to use。

13. ____

【答案】conditions/ preconditions/ premises

【解析】关于最后综述中提到的方法，演讲者在讲座中说明了使用条件。演讲者提到，这些

方法只有在你认为自己所说的东西有可能是错误的情况下才可行。因此可推测出答案为

conditions，preconditions或premises。

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14. ____

圣才电子书

十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台

【答案】correct

【解析】该题详细讨论了这些使用条件。也就是说只有当你知道你说的话有可能错误，或者

你出错的时候有人会纠正你时，这一技巧才行得通，故应填入correct。

15. ____

【答案】occasionally/ now and then

【解析】此题继续考查上一题的具体内容。讲座中谈到三个前提条件，其中第三个内容是，

你只能偶尔使用这个方法。结合题目，可知答案为occasionally或其近义表达now and

then。

【录音原文】

How Practice Can Damage Your English

Good morning, everyone. Today, I am going to talk about the negative role of

practice in English learning.

If you ask “How can I learn to speak English better?”, many people will tell you

“Practice, practice, practice”. “Speak and write in English whenever you can”—

they will say. All English classes are full of activities which involve speaking and

writing which are supposed to help you with your English.

We agree that practice can be very useful. It’s even necessary to learn English

well. So what’s the problem? The problem is that for many learners, “speaking”

or “writing” means “making a lot of mistakes”. Some people make a mistake in

every sentence! If you don’t make many mistakes, then you can speak or write in

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圣才电子书

十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台

English and it can only help. But if you make many mistakes, then every time you

write or speak, you reinforce your mistakes. As you write or speak, you repeat your

mistakes constantly and your incorrect habits become stronger.

Imagine this situation: You are writing an e-mail message in English. Your

English is not perfect and you want to write the message quickly. You write

incorrectly: “I want speak English.” When you write a sentence, you also read it. So

the incorrect sentence goes into your head. The next time you write a message, you

will be more likely to write “I want finish” or “I want be happy”. Why? Because

“I want speak English” is fresh in your head—you’ve just used it! And when you

write “I want do something” the second time, you’ve got a “bad habit”, or a

reinforced mistake.

Now do you see our point? You write—you make mistakes—those mistakes

become your habit, they become your way of writing in English. So, the more you

write, the worse your English becomes. We have said that you need practice to

learn English. We have also said that when you practice, you reinforce your

mistakes.

Michal suggests a simple solution to this paradox: Never make mistakes!

According to what he says, it is close to the truth that you have never written an

incorrect English sentence. You knew many grammatical structures and you used

only those that you knew. Your sentences were similar to sentences which you knew

to be correct. You followed good examples, so all your sentences were good. In the

beginning, you could write only very simple sentences, but all the simple sentences

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