2024年4月27日发(作者：)

英语语法填空指导-词形转换

解题攻略 典例印证

【典例】 (2022·全国甲卷)Cao believes this

第一步：确定是否考查词形转换

提示词为形容词、副词、名词或代词时，

首先要考虑词形转换；

提示词为动词，且该动词在句中既不作谓语，

也不作非谓语，则要考虑动词词形转换。

第二步：确定转换形式

据句式结构以及空处所作成分进一步分

析，最终确定正确的词形转换形式。

will make the hiking trip even more

____________(meaning). The two of them

collected more than 1，000 plastic bottles along

the 40-day journey.

【分析】 第一步：确定是否考查词形转换。

提示词为名词，由even more可确定，此处应

该考虑形容词词形转换。

第二步：确定转换形式。结合句意“这将使他

的徒步旅行更有意义”可知，空处应用形容词。

自主解答 meaningful

解题规则——判断词形转换的5种技法

技法1 提示词为动词的词形转换

提示词为动词，如果既不是谓语动词，也不是非谓语动词，则考虑动词词形转换。动词是转

换成名词还是形容词，则根据句式结构以及空处所作成分进一步分析。

快捷思维

1.动词转换为名词

(1)v.＋-ion/-tion/-ation/-sion转换为名词，表示

“状态或行为”

celebrate→celebration 庆祝

compete→competition 比赛

pollute→pollution 污染

educate→education 教育

possess→possession 拥有

典例印证

1.(2022·全国甲卷)Cao and Wu also collected

garbage along the road, in order to promote

environmental ____________ (protect)．

2．(2022·1月浙江高考)When the answer was

no, she declined the ________ (invite)．

3．(2022·连云港市考前模拟一)We don't have

enough resources allocated to our educational

sector and the little ____________ (allocate) to

4．(2022·武汉市模拟一)Meanwhile, a big

tourism company said its rural tourism business

has shown significant potential for future

____________ (grow) in the recent three years.

(2)v.＋-ment转换为名词，表示“行为或结果”

the sector is not well managed.

develop→development 发展

announce→announcement 宣布

argue→argument 争论；论据

encourage→encouragement 鼓励

(3)v.＋-r/-er/-or转换为名词，表示“人”

perform→performer 表演者

settle→settler 移民者

educate→educator 教育家

direct→director 导演

visit→visitor 访问者

(4)v.＋-ure转换为名词

fail→failure; mix→mixture；

press→pressure; depart→departure

(5)后缀-th结尾的名词

grow→growth; die→death

deep→depth; wide→width

warm→warmth; true→truth

(6)后缀-ance/-ence结尾的名词

exist→existence; guide→guidance

(7)后缀-al结尾的名词

arrive→arrival; approve→approval;

survive→survival

2.动词转换为形容词

(1)v.＋-able转换为形容词

accept→acceptable 可接受的

adapt→adaptable 能适应的

adjust→adjustable 可调节的

afford→affordable 负担得起的

(2)v.＋-ed/-ing转换为形容词

confuse→confused 感到困惑的

worry→worried 担心的

excite→exciting 令人激动的；令人兴奋的

(3)v.＋-ive转换为形容词

impress→impressive 给人深刻印象的

instruct→instructive 有教育意义的

(4)v.＋-ful/-less转换为形容词

5．(2022·茂名市五校联盟第三次联考)After

experiencing her older sister's

____________(die) and her parents' divorce,

she is determined to stay alive for the sake of

her broken family.

6.(2022·石家庄市第二中学考前模拟)There is

still no convincing ____________ (explain) for

the origin of FRB in the international scientific

community at present.

7．(2022·河北省模拟演练三)She provided

medical ________ (equip), clean water and

fruits. With this work the death rate decreased to

2.2%.

8．(2022·滨州市二模)In the end, a

Mediterranean diet is part of the factors

contributing to our physical health, but it takes

____________ (commit) to make them happen.

9.(2021·新高考Ⅱ卷)I told him how ________

(harm) plastic could be to the environment and

asked him to consider using more eco-friendly

options.

10．(2022·福建省高三下学期诊断)This

morning, a ________ (cheer) lion dance troupe

(剧团) drove slowly past my local wet market.

11．(2022·广州市综合测试一)But the most

__________ (value) experience of all was

discovering a new sense of independence, she

said.

12．(2022·深圳市第一次调研)Crows have long

been observed for their various

____________(amaze) displays of intelligence.

13．(2022·沈阳二中模拟二)Some American