2024年4月11日发(作者:)
常见动词过去式过去分词的变化规则
动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
一、规则变化:
1 .一般情况直接加©4,如ask—asked,work—worked
2 .以不发音的e结尾,只加d,如love—loved,dance—danced
3 .以辅音字母加y结尾,把y变为i,再加©4,如try—tried,study—studied
4 .以一个元音字母和一个辅音结尾的重读闭音节结尾的动词(以重读闭音节或r音节结
尾而末尾只有一个辅音字母),先双写末尾这个辅音字母
,
再加edWstop-stopped,permit—
permitted
注:A.以l结尾的动词,尾音节重读时,双写l,如control—controlled;尾音节不重读时,双不
双写都可以,如travel—traveled(美)/travelled(英)。
B.特例:picnic—picnicked—picnicked(去野餐),traffic—trafficked—trafficked(交易,在...
通行)另外,还有很多动词的过去式和过去分词是不合乎上述规则的,需要熟记.(见后)
C.读音与说明:
①,-ed在清辅音音素后发音为[t]:helped,liked,finished,fetched,stopped,clapped
② .-ed在浊辅音和元音后发音为[d]:believed,changed,planned,preferred,followed,stayed
③ .-ed在[t]、[d]后发音为[id]:wanted,needed,admitted,permitted
二、不规则动词(IrregularVerbs)的过去式大体上归纳有以下记忆法:
1 .以t结尾的词,过去式与原形相同。如:
put—put,let—let,cut—cut,beat—beatread—readmust--must
2 .以d结尾的词,把d变成t。如:
build—built,lend—lent,send—sent,spend—spent
3 .以n结尾的词,在词后加t。如:
mean—meant,burn—burnt,learn—learnt
4 .以ow/aw结尾的词,把ow/aw变成ew。如:
blow—blew,draw—drew,know—knew,grow—grewthrow—threw(动词show除外,show—
showed)
5 .含有双写字母的词,将双写改为单写,在词尾加t。如:keep—kept,sleep—slept,feel—
felt,smell—smeltsweep—swept
6 .含有元音字母o/i的词,将o/i变成a。如:
come—camebecome—becamesing—sang,give—gave,sit—sat,drink—drank
7 .以ought和aught结尾,且读音是〔
:
t〕的过去式。如:
bring—brought,buy—bought,think—thought,catch—caught,teach—taught
8 .把重读开音节中的i改为o,变成过去式。如:
drive—drove,ride—rode,write—wrote
9 .动词原形中的e改为o,如:get—got,forget—forgot
10 .动词原形中的ee改为e,如:feed—fed,meet—met
11 .动词原形中的eak改为oke,如:break—broke,speak—spoke
12 .动词原形中的ell改为old,如:sell—sold,tell—told
13 .动词原形中的an改为oo,如:stand-stood,understand—understood
14 .以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式。如:
can—could,shall—should,will—would
15 .在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式,并且发生音变。如:
hear〔hi〕—heard〔h:d〕,say〔sei〕—said〔sed〕,mean〔mi:n〕—meant〔ment〕16.
不符合上述规律的动词过去式。如:
am,is—was,are—were,build—built,do—did,eat—ate,fall—fell,find—found,fly—
flew,go—went,have/has—had,hold—held,leave—left,make—made,may—might,run—
ran,see—saw,take—took
新人教版初中英语不规则动词归类记忆表
一、AAA型:动词原形与过去式、过去分词一样(原形一原形一原形)
原形
read
cut
let
put
cost
hit
set
过去式
read
cut
let
put
cost
hit
set
hurt
过去分词
read
cut
let
put
cost
hit
set
hurt
汉语意思
读
切,割
让
放
花费,值
撞,击
安排,安置
使…伤痛
hurt
二、ABA型:动词原形与过去分词一样(原形一过去式一原形)
原形
become
come
过去式
became
came
ran
过去分词
become
come
run
汉语意思
成为
来
跑
run
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