2024年4月2日发(作者：)

知识图谱

Unit 1 How can we become good learners?

知识精讲

一、必背词汇

textbook n.

教科书；课本

conversation n.

交谈；谈话

aloud adv.

大声地；出声地

pronunciation n.

发音；读音

sentence n.

句子

patient adj.

有耐心的

n.

病人

expression n.

表达（方式）；表示

discover v.

发现；发觉

secret n.

秘密；秘诀

adj.

秘密的；保密的

grammar n.

语法

repeat v.

重复；重做

note n.

笔记；记录

v.

注意；指出

pal n.

朋友；伙伴

pattern n.

模式；方式

physics n.

物理；物理学

chemistry n.

化学

partner n.

搭档；同伴

pronounce v.

发音

increase v.

增加；增长

speed n.

速度

ability n.

能力；才能

brain n.

大脑

active adj.

活跃的；积极的

attention n.

注意；关注

connect v.

（使）连接；与

⋯⋯

有联系

overnight adv.

一夜之间；在夜间

review v. & n.

回顾；复习

knowledge n.

知识；学问

wisely adv.

明智地；聪明地

1

二、重点词汇

1. aloud adv.

in a voice loud enough to be heard

例句：

He read her letter aloud to the rest of the family.

他把她的信大声读给家人听。

2. discover v.

to find information, a place, or an object, especially for the first time

（尤指首次）发现，找到

例句：

We searched all morning for the missing papers and finally discovered them in a drawer.

我们一上午都在找那些失踪的文件，最后终于在一个抽屉里找到了。

3. ability n.

the physical or mental power or skill needed to do something

（体力或智力方面的）能力；才能，才智

例句：

There's no doubting her ability.

她的能力毋庸置疑。

4. overnight adv.

1). for or during the night

一夜间（的）；在夜间（的），在晚上（的）

例句：

You can stay overnight if you want to.

要是你愿意可以住一宿。

2). suddenly and unexpectedly

突然（的）；一夜之间（的）

例句：她一夜之间成了明星。

The book was an overnight success.

这本书一举获得成功。

5. connect v.

1). to join or be joined with something else

（使

/

被）连接；（使

/

被）相连

例句：

Can I connect my printer to your computer?

我能把我的打印机连在你的计算机上吗？

2). to consider or show a person or thing to be related to someone or something else

把

…

联系起来；由

…

联想到

例句：

She's an actress I connect with the theatre rather than films.

这个女演员让我联想到的是戏剧而不是电影。

三、必背短语

most of the time

在大部分时间里

because of

因为；由于

fall in love with

爱上

…… as well

也；还

so that

以便；结果

look up

查阅；抬头看

make a mistake

犯错误

think of

想到

be born with

天生具有

whether or not

是否

depend on

依赖；依靠

have…in common

有共同之处

think about

考虑

even if

即使

take notes

做笔记

find out

发现；找到

bit by bit

一点一点地

instead of

代替；而不是

pay attention to

注意；关注

give advice about

就

……

提建议

2

四、经典句型

1. ---How do you learn English?

---I learn by studying with a group.

---

你怎么学英语？

---

我通过加入小组学习。

2. ---Do you learn English by reading aloud?

---Yes, I do. It helps my pronunciation.

---

你学英语时大声朗读么？

---

是的。这对我的发音有帮助。

3. ---How can I read faster?

---You can read faster by reading word groups.

---

我怎样才能提高朗读速度。

---

你可以将词语进行分组读。

4. ---How can I improve my pronunciation?

---One way is by listening to tapes.

---

我怎么改善自己的发音？

---

有个方式就是听磁带。

三点剖析

一、考点

1. by

+

动名词

其中

by

表示

“

通过

……

的方式；以

……

的方式

”

，该结构在句中做方式状语。

例句：

We practice English by joining the English club.

我们通过加入英语俱乐部的方式来练习英语。

【拓展】

by

是常见的介词，它有以下含义：

在

……

旁边；靠近

Our teacher was sitting by the window.

我们的老师正坐在窗户旁边。

He walked by me without speaking.

经过

他走过我的身旁，没有说话。

We can save water by turning off the water tap in time.

通过

我们可以通过及时关水龙头的方式来节约用水。

I shall be back by 5 o’clock.

不迟于

最迟五点我一定回来。

This bridge was built by the soliders.

被；由

这座桥是士兵们建造的。

They went to Shanghai by air.

乘坐

他们坐飞机去上海。

2.

以

- ly

结尾的副词

一些形容词词尾

+ ly

可以构成相应的副词形式，例如：副词

wisely

意为

“

明智地；聪明地

”

，是由

wise

加后缀

ly

构成。

类似副词还有：

happily

意为

“

高兴地

”

sadly

意为

“

难过地

”

carefully

意为

“

小心地

”

carelessly

意为

“

粗心地

”

quickly

意为

“

快速地

”

slowly

意为

“

缓慢地

”

quietly

意为

“

安静地

”

3

二、易错点

1. aloud; loud; loudly

1). aloud

强调发出的声音能被听见，意为

“

出声地

”

或

“

大声地

”

，通常与

read

、

call

等动词连用。

2). loud

意为

“

响亮地；

loud

还可以用作形容词，大声地

”

，侧重发出的声音音量大，传得远。意为

“

大

声的，吵闹的

”

。

3). loudly

意为

“

响亮地；大声地

”

，通常含有

“

喧闹；嘈杂

”

的意味。

例句：

Speak louder, or no one will hear you.

说话大声些，否则没人能听见。

I don’t like loud music.

我不喜欢吵闹的音乐。

Suddenly the bell on the wall rang loudly.

突然墙上的铃大声地响起来。

2. discover & invent

1). discover

意为

“

发现

”

，表示

“

偶然

”

或

“

经过努力

”

发现客观存在的事物、真理或错误，即指发现原

来客观存在但不为人知的事物，也可表示发现已为人知的事物的新性质和用途。

例句：

Columbus discovered America in 1492.

哥伦布在

1492

年发现了美洲。

2). invent

意为

“

发明

”

，指通过劳动用聪明才智

“

发明或创造

”

出以前从未存在过的新事物。

例句：

Who invented the telephone?

谁发明了电话？

题模精选

题模一：by+动名词

例

1.1.1

---How do you communicate with your friends?

---_________ using WeChat.

例

1.1.2

用括号中词的正形式填空。

We remembered them by _________

（

make

）

word cards.

题模二：以-ly结尾的副词

例

1.2.1

---Many young adults find it hard to make their own decisions.

---Well, they have to choose _________ and be responsible for their actions.

y y

例

1.2.2

用括号中词的正形式填空。

The boy did his homework so _________

（

careless

）

that he made a lot of mistakes.

随练

1.1

---_________ listening to English tapes?

---That sounds great. I think it is a good way to improve your listening.

you like not

you please about

随练

1.2

---_________ can we become good learners?

随堂练习

4

---By working hard and asking the teachers for help.

随练

1.3

It is necessary _________ people to have food and water every day.

随练

1.4

---How nice the fish tastes! Could you please tell me who taught you to cook it?

---I learnt it _________ watching TV.

随练

1.5

短语词组翻译。

①

pay attention to________

②

with________

③熟能生巧

________

④

get bored________

⑤

Practicing and learning from mistakes________

⑥优秀学生找到最佳学习方法去学好

________

随练

1.6

根据句意及首字母提示写出正确的单词。

(1)He moves with great ________(

速度

).

(2)You should ________ ________ ________ ________ (

更关注

) your study instead of playing computer game.

(3)We should ________ ________ ________ (

尽最大努力

) to be happy in the future.

(4)Li Jun often practices English with his p________.

随练

1.7

用所给词的适当形式填空

(1)He won't give up ________ (smoke). Don't mention it.

(2)The OBIS doctor is training the local doctor how ________ (deal) with the blindness.

(3)The movie was interesting, but Grace was not ________ (interest) it.

(4)Boys and girls, I hope you are ________ (pride) of yourselves.

(5)Mary studied hard only ________ (fail) in the exam.

随练

1.8

Don’t hurry him. You will just have to be _________ and wait until he finishes the work.

l t

随练

1.9

根据句意和汉语提示填所缺单词。

1. If you want to speak English well, you need to have _________

（谈话）

as much as possible with your friends.

2. Reading English words _________

（大声地）

is a good way to remember them.

3. The girl is afraid of talking with the foreign teachers because her _________

（发音）

is not good.

4. I can’t understand the whole _________

（句子）

because it is too long and difficult.

5. Women teachers are usually more careful and more _________

（有耐心的）

with the pupils.

随练

1.10

根据所给汉语提示完成下列句子

.

(1)Can you ________ ________ ________(

制作单词卡

)?

(2)Those students ________ ________ ________ ________(

听磁带

)now.

(3)You must ________ ________ ________ ________(

提高你的口语技能

).

(4)Mary has ________ ________ ________(

学到很多

)by working with her friends.

5

(5)Why not ________ ________(

大声读

)to practice pronunciation?

(6)If you have trouble, you can ________ the police ________ ________(

向

……

求助

)

拓展

1

You can’t _________ the weather being fine when you plan a day out in England.

on on

on on

拓展

2

They are two good teachers. They have some good habits _________ common.

拓展

3

The boy failed the exam again because he made some _________ in the exam.

ons

tions es

拓展

4

Everyone is born _________ the ability to learn.

拓展

5

Sally is _________ in class now, but she used to be a very shy girl.

拓展

6

根据句意和汉语提示填所缺单词。

1. He advised me to take _________

（笔记）

carefully in class.

2. I suddenly _________

（发觉）

that it was too late to catch the last bus.

3. It’s my _________

（秘密）

. Don’t tell it to others.

4. She often makes mistakes in English _________

（语法）

.

5. The teacher asked me to _________

（重复）

my question.

拓展

7

完形填空

How can you think in English? I think the best way is to practice as what a football player does every day.

During the ___1___ the football player will pass the ball to his teammates over and over again. So he won't have to

___2___ passing the ball in the game; he will just do it. You can train yourself to ___3___ in English this way. The

first step is to think of the words that you use daily, simple everyday words ___4___ book or shoe or tree. For

example, ___5___ you see a “book” you should think of it in English instead of in your mother language.

After you have learned to think of several words in English, then move on to the next step-thinking in

___6___. Listening and repeating is a very useful ___7___ to learn a language. Listen first and don't care too much

about ___8___ you fully understand what you're hearing. Try to repeat what you hear. The more you listen, the

___9___ you learn. After you reach a higher level, ___10___ having conversations with yourself in English. This

will lead you to think in English.

能力拓展

6

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

C．game

C．look at

C．tell

C．like

C．whenever

C．lessons

C．way

C．how

C．later

C．start

D．day

D．give up

D．think

D．from

D．however

D．classes

D．plan

D．unless

D．more

D．finish

A．practice

A．wait for

A．speak

A．in

A．whatever

A．sentences

A．idea

A．which

A．harder

A．remember

B．break

B．think about

B．say

B．about

B．whichever

B．passages

B．step

B．if

B．less

B．stop

拓展

8

任务型阅读

When the teacher asks a question in class, Wang Xiaobin never raises his hand and this situation is very

common at middle schools. This 15-year-old boy always waits for other classmates or the teacher to give the

answer. “What if my answer is wrong?” Wang asks.

Wang said only six or seven students in his class raise their hands when a question is asked.

①

“I think it's a

problem that may affect (

影响

) our studies, but I am afraid of making mistakes in front of my classmates,” he said.

When we asked the teacher, Hu Wei, why the students didn't raise their hands, he said, “They lack (

缺乏

)

confidence, they are afraid of showing off, or they're afraid of losing face by giving wrong answers.”

To encourage students to raise their hands in class, Hu suggests that teachers should repeat the question, then

try to guide and encourage students to offer their answers.

②

Hu also advised students not to be shy, but brave

enough to try.

Sun Pin, 16 of Fujian, always raises her hand as soon as she comes up with the answer, even if she isn't sure

she has gotten it right. Sun can't understand why some of her classmates keep silent in class. She enjoys raising her

hand a lot. “It keeps me enthusiastic(

热情的

) and confident to express my idea,” Sun said. “Raising my hand has

really made me excellent.”

(1)Does Wang Xiaobin raise his hand when the teacher asks a question in class?

(2)Why don't students raise their hands? (3 possible reasons)

(3)

将短文中画线的句子译成汉语。

(4)

给短文拟一个适当的标题

拓展

9

书面表达

为了提高大家的英语成绩，在新学期的第一节英语课上，老师让同学们相互交流自己学习英语的心得。

请你以

“What Should We Do in English Study

？

”

为题，写一篇英语短文，谈谈学生应该怎样做才能更有效地

学习英语。

内容包括：

1)

课前要预习；上课认真听讲，做笔记；课后要复习。

2)

积极参加各种英语活动。

3)

自己充满信心，不要害怕出错。

参考词汇：

get ready for; review; be confident; be afraid to do sth.

作文要求：语句连贯，词数

80

个左右。

7

答案解析

Unit 1 How can we become good learners?

题模精选

题模一：by+动名词

例1.1.1

【答案】A

【解析】考察介词

by +

动名词。根据语境可知，我们通过使用微信的方式和朋友们联系，故选

A

。

例1.1.2

【答案】

making

【解析】考察介词

by +

动名词，表示“以……的方式”。

题模二：以-ly结尾的副词

例1.2.1

【答案】A

【解析】考察以

- ly

结尾的副词的用法。根据本体语境可知，他们必须明智地作出选择，故选

A

。

例1.2.2

【答案】

carelessly

【解析】考察以

ly

结尾的副词修饰动词。

随堂练习

随练1.1

【答案】D

【解析】考察固定搭配。四个答案选项中，只有

How about

后面跟动名词，故选

D

。

随练1.2

【答案】A

【解析】考察介词

by

的用法，表示“通过……的方式”，根据句意“通过努力学习和向老师请教”可知应

选

A

。

随练1.3

【答案】B

【解析】考察介词的用法。根据句意“对人们来说，每天吃食物和水是很有必要的”，再根据句式

It’s+adj +for

sb+to do sth

可知所缺词是

for

，故选

B

。

8

随练1.4

【答案】A

【解析】考察介词

by

的用法，表示“通过……的方式”，故选

A

。

随练1.5

【答案】①注意

②与

……

联系

③

Practice makes perfect

④感到厌倦

⑤从错误中实践和学习

⑥

Good learners find out the best way to learn well

【解析】①

pay attention to

注意。

②

with

与

……

联系。

③熟能生巧

Practice makes perfect

。

④

get bored

感到厌倦。

⑤

Practicing and learning from mistakes

从错误中实践和学习。

⑥优秀学生找到最佳学习方法去学好

Good learners find out the best way to learn well

。

随练1.6

【答案】

(1)speed

(2)pay

；

more

；

attention

；

to

(3)try

；

our

；

best

(4)pronunciation

【解析】

(1)

句意：他以很快的速度移动。

(2)

句意：你应该更关注你的学习而不是玩电脑游戏。

(3)

句意：我们应该尽最大努力在将来幸福。

try one's best

尽力。

(4)

句意：李军经常练习他的英语发音。

随练1.7

【答案】

(1)smoking

(2)to deal

(3)interested

(4)proud

(5)to fail

【解析】

(1)give up doing sth.

放弃做某事。句意：他不会戒烟。别再提了。

(2)

根据

how

判断为疑问词

+

不定式。句意：这位奥比斯医生正在训练当地的医生怎样治疗失明。

(3)be interested in

对

......

感兴趣。句意：电影非常有趣，但格蕾丝对它不感兴趣。

(4)

考查短语

be proud of

以

.....

为自豪。句意：同学们，我希望你们以自己为荣。

(5)

考查动词不定式作结果状语。句意：玛丽只是努力学习考试没有及格。

随练1.8

【答案】C

【解析】考察形容词辨析。根据语境可知，不要催促他，你必须要有耐心，需用

patient

，故选

C

。

随练1.9

【答案】

1. conversation

9

2. aloud

3. pronunciation

4. sentence

5. patient

【解析】考察本课词汇的应用，需注意联系语境、时态、人称的数及名词的单复数。

随练1.10

【答案】

(1)make

；

word

；

cards

(2)are

；

listening

；

to

；

tapes

(3)improve

；

your

；

speaking

；

skills

(4)learned

；

a

；

lot

(5)read

；

aloud

(6)ask

；

for

；

help

【解析】

(1)

考查短语

,make word cards,

制作单词卡

.

(2)

考查现在进行时

be +V-ing,

故听磁带用

are listening to tapes.

(3)

考查情态动词后加动词原形

,

(4)

考查现在完成时

have/has +V-ing,

(5)

考查

why not +V-

原

,

大声读是

read aloud,

(6)

考查情态动词后加动词原形

,

向

…

求助是

ask…for help.

能力拓展

拓展1

【答案】D

【解析】考察“动词

+ on

”的短语搭配。句意：当你在英格兰计划一天的外出时，你不能指望有好天气，需

用

depend on

表示“指望”，故选

D

。

拓展2

【答案】D

【解析】考察固定搭配。

have…in common

是固定搭配，因此所缺介词是

in

，故选

D

。

拓展3

【答案】D

【解析】考察名词。根据语境那个男孩又没有通过考试可推断，他在考试中犯了一些错误，故选

D

。

拓展4

【答案】C

【解析】考察介词。

be born with

是固定搭配，意为“天生具有”，故选

C

。

拓展5

【答案】D

【解析】考察形容词辨析。根据语境：萨利现在在课堂上很活跃，但她以前是个害羞的人，所缺词是

active

，

故选

D

。

拓展6

10

【答案】

1. notes

2. discovered

3. secret

4. grammar

5. repeat

【解析】考察本课词汇的应用，需注意联系语境、时态、人称的数及名词的单复数。

拓展7

【答案】

ABDCC ACBDC

【解析】本文介绍如何学会用英语思维。

(1)

句意：在练习中，足球运动员一遍又一遍地把球传给队友。

practice

练习；

break

休息；中断；

game

比赛；

day

白天。由后文

“

足球运动员将会一遍一遍地将球传给他的队友

”

可知这是在练习期间。

(2)

句意：所以他不必考虑在比赛中传球。

wait for

等待；

think about

考虑；

look at

看；

give up

放弃。根据语

境可知反复练习从而形成一种本能反应，传球时不需要考虑，

(3)

句意：你可以按照这种方式训练自己用英语思考。

speak

讲；

say

说；

tell

告诉；

think

思考。根据句首

“think

in English”

，所以此处用

think

，

(4)

句意：第一步是想你日常使用的单词，简单的日常词汇，像

book

、

shoe

和

tree

等。由前后语境可知此处

是举例

,

而只有

like“

像

……”

符合题意。

(5)

句意：

whatever

无论什么；

whichever

例如，无论何时你看见书，你就应该用英语思考，而不是用你的母语。

无论哪一个；

whenever

无论何时；

however

无论怎样。由句意可知此处需用疑问副词

,

所以排除

A

和

B,

正确

答案为

C

。

(6)

句意：在你学会用英语思考几个单词之后，继续到下一步，用句子来思考。

sentence

句子；

passage

短文；

lesson

课；

class

班级。由前文可知用单词思考之后应该是再用句子来思考。

(7)

句意：听并跟读对学一门语言来说是非常有用的方法。

idea

主意；

step

步；

way

方法；

plan

计划。

(8)

句意：先听，不要太在意你是否完全明白你在听的。此处是宾语从句。由前文

“

不必太关心

”

可知该题

if(

是

否

)

符合题意。

(9)

本句是

“the+

比较级

...,the+

比较级

...”

的用法。根据句意

“

你听得越多

”

可知

,

应该是

“

你学得越多

”

。

(10)

由前文

“

你达到一个更高的水平之后

”

可知此处表达的是

“

开始用英语和自己谈话

”

。

拓展8

【答案】

(1)No, he doesn't.

(2)Because they lack confidence, they are afraid of showing off, or they're afraid of losing face by giving wrong

answers.

(3)

①我想这的确是个可能影响我们学习的问题，但是我害怕在同学们面前出错。

②胡老师还建议同学们不要害羞，要勇敢去尝试。

(4)Hands up, please./Raise/Put up your hand(s).

【解析】本文谈论上课时很多学生不敢举手回答问题，并分析了原因，通过例子说明举手回答问题的诸多

好处。

(1)

细节理解。由文中

When the teacher asks a question in class, Wang Xiaobin never raises his hand and this

situation is very common at middle schools.

可判断

,

当老师在课堂上提问时

,

王晓斌从不举手回答。因此正确答

案应该为否定回答。

(2)

细节理解。由文章第三段中

why the students didn't raise their hands, he said, “They lack confidence, they are

afraid of showing off, or they're afraid of losing face by giving wrong answers.”

可知是因为缺乏自信、不敢炫耀、

怕丢脸。

(3)

句子翻译：①

“I think

我认为，

it's a problem

它是一个问题，

that

引导从句，

may affect (

影响

) our studies

也许会影响我们的学习，

but I am afraid of

但我害怕，

making mistakes

犯错，

in front of my classmates

早我的

11

同学们面前

,”

②

Hu

胡老师，

also

也，

advised

建议，

students

学生们，

not to be shy

不要害羞，

but brave enough

to try

勇敢去尝试。

(4)

本文谈论上课时很多学生不敢举手回答问题，并分析了原因，通过例子说明举手回答问题的诸多好处。

拓展9

【答案】

What Should We Do in English Study?

How can we study English well? First, get ready for the lessons before class. Second, in English class we

should listen to the teacher and take notes carefully. Third, after class we should review our lessons. It's also a good

way to take part in English activities. Besides, it's very important for us to be confident and don't be afraid to make

mistakes. Making mistakes is also a way to improve our study. In this way, I think all of us can learn English well.

【解析】

首先审题，了解写作的要求，谈谈怎么才能更有效地学习英语，要包括所有的要点，课前预

习，上课认真听讲，做笔记，课后要复习。积极参加各种英语活动，充满自信，可以利用参考词汇，确保

文章通顺、连贯，能利用所学知识，完成自己的作文。

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