2024年3月11日发(作者：)

文房四宝

文房四宝(Four Treasures of the Study)是中国书法传统书写工具的统称，包括笔、墨、

纸、砚(ink stone)。“文房”指的是学者的书房。除了这四宝，书房里的工具还有笔筒、笔

架、墨盒、腕托、笔洗、墨块(ink pad)，这些都是书房必备品。唐宋是书法的繁荣时期，

当时著名的生厂商制造的经典文房四宝被后世学者高度赞扬。中国传统文化及艺术的发明和

发展与文房四宝密切相关。在某种程度上，文房四宝代表了中国传统文化的重要元素。

The Four Treasures of the Study,is a general name of the traditional writing

tools of Chinese calligraphy, including writing brush, ink, paper and ink stone. The

name of Wen fang refers to a scholar's study. Besides these four treasures, tools

used in the study also include brush pots, brush rack,ink box, wrist-rest, brush

washer and ink pad, all of which are necessities of the study. Classical products of

the Four Treasures of the Study made by famous producers during the Tang and

Song Dynasties, when styles of writing were very prosperous, were highly praised

by later invention and development of China's traditional culture and

art are closely related to the Four Treasures of the to some extent,the

Four Treasures of the Study represents an important element of traditional Chinese

culture.

1.“文房”指的是:其中“指的是”译为refer to。“文房”用汉语拼音Wen fang表示

即可。

2.除了…还有:此处可用besides或in addition to表达，而不用except，因为except

表示“除去不计,不包括…在内”。

3.经典:可译为classical。classical products意为“经典产品”。

4.和…密切相关:可译为be closely related to…

5.在某种程度上:可译为短语to some extent或in some degree。

兵马俑

兵马俑(the Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses)是秦始皇陵墓(mausoleum)的一部分，

也是20世纪世界考古(archaeological)史上最伟大的发现之一。兵马俑是秦始皇为了死后

能继续统治王国而建造的，在1974年被西安当地的农民发现。真人一样大小的兵俑按战斗

队形排列，依据不同的等级，他们的身高、制服和发型都不相同。他们生动、逼真的形象，

显示了工匠们极高的雕刻水平。兵马俑是世界上最大的地下军事博物馆，于1987年被列入

世界文化遗产，并被誉为“世界第八大奇迹”。

The Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses, a part of QinShi Huang's mausoleum, is

one of the significant findings in the world archaeological history of the twentieth

century. It was constructed for Qin ShiHuang to rule the empire in his afterlife and

discovered in 1974 by local farmers in Xi'an. Varying in height, uniform and

hairstyle in accordance with rank, the life-sized terra-cotta warriors are arranged in

battle formation. The vivid and life-like images reflect the high engraving level of

craftsmen. The Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses, the largest underground military

museum, was listed as the World Cultural Heritages and honored as "The Eighth

Wonder of the World" in 1987.

1.第一个句子中主语是“兵马俑”，后面出现两个并列分句“是…”和“也是…”翻译时

可将“秦始皇陵墓的一部分”译作apart of Qin Shi Huang’s mausoleum，放在主语之

后，作为主语The Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses的同位语，使句子更紧凑。

2.第二句由两个分句构成，主语都是兵马俑。第一个分句中兵马俑是“建造”的对象，

所以要用被动语态;而第二个分句的“被…发现”同样提示需用被动语态。因此，用连词and

连接两个并列的谓语即可。

3.第三句中的“他们的身高、服装和发型都不相同”可使用现在分词短语varying in

height…作状语，置于句首，使译文简洁有层次。

4.最后一句较长，主语是“兵马俑”，后面跟着三个并列分句，“是…”、“被列入…”和

“并被誉为…”翻译时可以将“世界上最大的地下军事博物馆”放在主语之后，作为主语的

同位语，后面两个分句用and连接，使句子更紧凑。