2024年3月9日发(作者：)

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最全的音标对应字母、字母组合发音（元音）

ee

ea

e

ie

ey

i

eo

i

y

e

ir

ur

ear

ur

or

er

or

ou

ar

o

three tree green sheep meet beef see seek

eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean please

he she me

piece receive ceiling

key

ski kilo litre pizza police machine magazine

people

sit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build miss

myth many twenty happy dictionary

defect decide delicious

girl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird

turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burger

learn earn earth heard

term her nerd serve

work worm word world

teacher leader remember player speaker farmer powder

doctor actor mayor author tractor

delicious gracious pleasure

familiar collar dollar

together tomorrow today lesson control polite around account

ago

elephant manta banana Canada Japan china

men listen

famulus Saturday

car farm card arm garden

fast class last glass plant aunt calm

up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus

come mother does brother love above

trouble rough flourish

blood flood

small wall talk tall hall ball call walk

short more lord horse for forty sport door floor store

author caught autumn

four mourn court bought

warm quarrel quarter

draw saw flaw

hot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar not

want wash

[i:]

[i]

[ə:]

[ə]

a

e

u

ar

[a:]

a

u

o

[ʌ]

ou

oo

al

or

au

[ɔ:]

our

ar

aw

o

[ɒ]/[ɔ]

a

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[u:]

[u]

oo

o

u

oo

ou

u

o

a

ea

[æ ]

[e] e

a

a

ay

[ei] ea

ai

ey

i

[ai]

y

ou

[au]

ow

o

[əu] ow

oa

oy

[ɔɪ]

oi

eer

ea

ear

[iə]

ear

er

ier

ear

air

[eə]

are

ere

our

[uə]

oor

food moon room gloom broom doom goose tooth

shoe do two

true truth blue full

look good foot book

should could

put full bull pull push

women whose

bag hand ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall

man

head bread pleasure

elephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk

hotel yes

many any

name cake late gate plane April

play say may way

great break

rain paint plain

they grey

bike fine find die nine light night high

my try fly eye

house out flour ground account count sound loud around mouse

flower down now cow how town

home cold go no phone host ghost

know low below grow blow show flow

boat coat goal

boy toy joy

oil soil voice choice

beer deer

idea

ear

near

here

fierce

bear

pair chair air fair

care

there where

tour

poor

易混淆元音

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易混淆元音

1

易混淆元音

2

易混淆元音

3

易混淆元音

4

易混淆元音

5

[æ]

[e]

[i:]

[ei]

[e]

[ai]

[au]

[ɔ:]

[au]

[ʌ]

bad hand man land pan sad

bed head men lend pen said

real greet mean read

rail great main raid

bet red said head

bite write side hide

house loud south cloud now count

horse lord sauce clause nor corn

found down gown town

fond done gone ton

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最全的音标对应字母、字母组合发音（辅音）

[p]

[b]

[t]

[d]

p

b

t

d

k

c

[k] x

pen pear play pig pour pull push

book big boot bike bread break

tree two ten ton town twenty city

door dull desk dose do dog dictionary

king kite key look cook book kitchen sky

card cat cream correct climb come account accept

fox box oxygen x-ray

ch school schedule schema

ck chicken duck black blackboard backward sick

[g]

[m]

[n]

g

m

n

girl good goal goat grade long language

man make moon morning move come comb

pen ten nine fine night noon moon clean

kn know knock knight

n uncle bank English think thank junk

[ŋ]

in sing king morning evening

l

l

r

f

long land lend lord fly flag black（读音不同）

world cold could goal soul（读音不同）

read red right run room write

five fly fine flag frog fog roof knife life wife

[l]

[r]

[f]

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gh cough laugh rough physic photo phone

[v]

ph physics photo

v

s

[s] c

very evening even every voice vest

six sit student same seat kiss miss case scarf

license city cease cedar ceiling celebrate

ce licence piece juice science lance space ace

[z]

[θ]

[ð]

z

s

zoo zebra zero zap

close nose hose suppose pause those whose

th think thank three thirty tooth mouth

th that this those these though

sh sheep shoulder ship shoe she brush wash

[ʃ]

t

c

s

nation attention station

social special

sure

pleasure

hot hop home house horse how who

when what where window wind wood

yes year yell you your yolk yellow

[ʒ]

[h]

[w]

[j]

[tʃ]

s

h

w

y

ch child chicken china chair lunch ouch catch teach

tch catch watch match

g age language cabbage vegetable stage bridge

joy enjoy join July June junk

[dʒ]

j

dge bridge knowledge

ge age cage gorge

[tr]

[dr]

[ts]

[dz]

tr tree country try treat track trunk

dr dry dream drop drive drink

ts students boots boats goats nuts

ds goods woods moods hoods

易混淆辅音

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[v] vest vet vine very

易混淆辅音1

[w] west wet wine well

[s] sink mass miss sort

易混淆辅音2

[θ] think math myth sought

[z] close breeze

易混淆辅音3

[ð] cloth breathe

[n] thin sin ran ban win

易混淆辅音4

[ŋ] thing sing rang bang wing

最全的字母及字母组合对应音标发音

[ei]

[æ]

[ə]

[i]

[a:]

[ɔ:]

[ei]

[e]

[eə]

late private grade bake grape nation station page

active hand bank fan parent family glad flag

accept about above formative machine cinema

private cabbage manage village

fast last glass class past father

wash what watch want

tail rainy train wait waiter waitress

said says

air hair chair stairs

在开音节中发/eɪ/

a在闭音节中发/æ/

在非重读音节中发/ə/

在非重读音节中发/ɪ/

字母组合as或ass

a在w后面

在个别重读音节词中

在重读音节中

组合air在重读音节中发/eə/

ay组合,在重读音节中发/eɪ

/ ；词尾为长音[ei]时, 常用

ay在词尾而不是a. (bay,

day, decay)

a

ai

air

ay [ei] day today play may May say way stay

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ay [i]

[ɔ:]

Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday

ay 在非重读音节中发/i/

Sunday

talk walk chalk

half calm balm palm calf

字母组合al 在重读音节中发

/ɔ:/或/ɔ:l/

字母组合al在f 、m前在重读

音节中发/ɑ:/

字母组合all

字母组合as或ass

字母组合au在重读音节中 发

/ɔ:/

字母组合aw在重读音节中 发

/ɔ:/

a在w后面

字母组合ar在重读音节中发/

ɑ:/

字母组合ar在非重读音节中

发/ə/

在字母w, qu之后读/ɔ׃/

辅音字母b在单词中一般发

[b]音

b出现在m之后不发音

字母c在字母e, y, i前读做

/s/ (cent, city, cycle), 其

他字母前读做/k/(cut, cap,

cop)。

一般情况发 [tʃ]

有时候会发[k]

特殊情况

特殊情况

音素ck只用在单元音后, 而

且这个元音发短音(back,

neck, lick, rock, duck)

al

[a:]

all [ɔ:l] all ball small tall wall mall call fall

as或ass

[ a:s ] ask class glass pass grass last

au

aw

a在w后

面

[ɔ:]

[ɔ:]

[ɔ]

[a:]

autumn daughter

strawberry draw

wash what watch want

car farm dark arm art star

sugar popular dollar grammar

warm quarrel quarter

bike bus bag baby bubble

ar

[ə]

[ɔ:]

b

[b]

不发音 bomb lamb climb

[k] country camp camera courage cable

c

[s]

[tʃ]

[k]

[ʃ]

[d3]

[ k ]

city ceiling celebrate cell cease

Church chair China Chinese chain

school Christmas headache

machine chef

Greenwich sandwich

chicken duck black blackboard backward sick

ch

ck

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d

dge

[d] doctor bread hand day cloud

一般情况发[d]

音素dge只用在单元音后面,

而且这个元音发短音(badge,

edge, lodge, budge)

[dз] bridge knowledge

dr [dr]

[i:]

[e]

[i]

[ə]

drink dress drive driver draw dresser dream

一般情况发[dr]

hundred

appreciate extremely secret she me he

letter left message generate pebble

pretty previous result restore

problem prosperous student confident

bake cake face time

love give blue true

元音a, e, o, u在音节结尾(开

音节)一般读做字母音

e在闭音节中发[e]

字母e在非重读音节中发[ə]

或[i]

字母e在非重读音节中发[ə]

或[i]

使他前面的元音字母发字母音

使不要以一个v和一个u结束

一个单词

使g和c读软音/j/和/s/

避免一个音节没有一个元音字

母

无工作尾字母e

ea字母组合在开音节中发

[i:]

ea在闭音节结构中发/i:/也

比较常见

e

不发

音

chance bodice charge allege

little castle bottle dabble fiddle decide

are nurse raise bye ewe owe cause

cease season breathe feature meat please

[i:]

ea

[e]

[ei]

[iə]

[eə]

[ə:]

[iə]

[a:]

read meat teach beach team leaf easy eat

ear

ee

er

ea字母组合在闭音节中发[e]

bread breast breath meadow weather

特殊情况

great break

特殊情况

idea realize

一般情况发[eə]

bear pear

在非词尾读/ə:/

learn earth earn heard

在非词尾读/ə:/

hear near clear ear fear

特殊情况

h

eart

bee three tree see need feel green sleep

一般情况发[i:]

[i:]

feet meet

通常读长音/ə:/

[ə:] deserve serve her person

在非重读音节里读短元音/ə/

[ə] teacher driver anger singer

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ere

ey

f

g

[iə]

[iə]

[εə]

[eɪ]

[i:]

[i]

[f]

[g]

[dʒ]

[ŋ]

serious experience mysterious fierce

here mere fere sere

there where

they hey obey

key

monkey money

father fun after find fly fine office leaf

girl grade glass glade bag flag

orange village vegetable bridge gentleman gym

long song sing morning evening

特殊情况

在重读音节中

在个别重读音节词中

在非重读音节中

一般情况发[f]

辅音字母g在单词中一般发

[g]音

在e 、i/y前 [dʒ]

字母e，i，y之前的字母g可

以读做/dз/(page, giant,

gym), 其中字母e, i之前的g

ge [dз] age cage gorge

也可以不读做/dз/(get,

girl, give); 其它字母之前

的g读做/g/(gate, go,

gust)。

bright fight frighten high light might night right

gh在元音字母i后不发音

sight slight

eight eighth neighbor straight weigh weight

gh在元音字母组合ei和ai后

不发音

gh在字母组合ought中不发音

字母组合augh前面不是1时，

gh不发音

词尾为ough的词，如以上所

述，有的发/f/，但有时也不发

音

gh在词首时，读作/g/

词首为字母l，且后跟字母组

合augh时，gh读作/f/

词尾为字母组合ough时，gh

读作/f/

位于元音字母之前，h发/h/

位于词尾，其前为元音

不发

音

gh

bought rought fought thought

caught daughter naught naughty taught

although plough through though thorough

[g]

ghost

spaghetti

laugh

laughter

[f]

cough

enough rough tough

[h] hot house head hat hand hear

Sarah Messiah

h

不发

音

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[ai]

vehicle vehement

rhyme rhythm khaki

heir honest honour

exhibit exhaust exhort

high price library ice cream wife size line

位于两个元音之间

位于字母r、k之后

位于部分元音之前

位于字母组合ex之后

元音i和o后面有两个辅音时,

常发长音. (find, old)

字母i和y经常读做/i/(big,

gym), 但是也可读做/aɪ

i [i] fist pick chicken piano fiancé city unit

/(silent, my, type)；一个英

语单词用字母y而不是i的结

尾(my, by)

元音字母i在非重读音节中读

[ə]

[ə]

[e]

holiday beautiful family animal

friend

quiet

lie die tie

i不发音

在重读音节中

在个别单词中

在词尾

字母组合ir在重读音节中发/

ɜ:/

词尾为mn组合时

一般情况发[n]

n在ge前时，因为g不发/g/

而发/d3/，所以n发/n/而不发

/ŋ/

n属于前缀时，即使在/k//g/

前也不发/ŋ/，而发/n/

位于词尾的n在m后面时不发

音

ie

[i:] field, piece, thief（贼）

[ai]

[ɜ:]

[ai]

[ai]

[dʒ]

[k]

[n]

[l]

[l]

[m]

[m]

ir

igh

shirt girl skirt

admire desire fire

light right flight tight

jeep jar joke join June

kind bike skate make take week

know knowledge knife knit knee kneel knight knack

listen learn language collect English gorilla（读音

不同）

world cold soil tall sell cool animal（读音不同）

monkey come tomato tomorrow morning maid madam

autumn column

sand ant conneet ineident unknown

change orange arrange anger dangerous

j

k

kn

l

m

-mn

[n

]

n

unkind uneommon unclean unclear uncover income

不发

音

autumn column

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[ŋ

]

think thank English language ankle uncle anxious

在音素/k//g/前面发/ŋ/。但

前缀例外

conquer

与g组合在词尾时发/ŋ/

long strong song sing bring ring

lode host cold note okay old home

lose do who whose prove

love some other mother honey company

today tomorrow together control collect

lost hot mock office soft honest

road boat coat goat soap

too zoo bamboo cuckoo kangaroo shampoo

元音a, e, o, u在音节结尾(开

音节)一般读做字母音

在某些重读开音节中

在m、n、v、th前发[ʌ]

字母o在非重读音节中发[ə]

O在闭音节中发[ɔ]

重读音节词尾的字母组合oo

（单词最后是辅音+oo结尾）

在辅音字母f、l、m、n、s、p、

z前字母组合oo的重读音节发

/u:/

字母组合oo在字母t前的发

/u:/的音

在复合词(双音节或多音节词)

的重读音节中发/u:/

字母组合oo在字母d和k前发

音素/ʊ/的音

在复合词(双音节或多音节词)

的非重读音节中发/ʊ/

在字母l和d之间的字母组合

oo发音素/ʌ/的音

or在词中一般念 [ɔ:]

重读音节，在w后

非重读音节或在词尾一般念

[ə]

一般情况发[ɔ:]

[əu]

o

[u:]

[ʌ]

[ə]

[ɔ]

[əu ] oa

room tool cool moon noon goof 但wool例外

[u:]

boot tooth boot root shoot smooth soothe loot

但foot football soot 例外。

oo

afternoon cartoon balloon moonlight noodle schoolboy

good foot stood wood wool cook wood book food

[ʊ]

bedroom bathroom classroom workroom childhood

[ʌ] blood flood

or

short form corn born for

[ɔ:]

[ə:] work world worm word worst

[ə] tractor doctor actor sector senior senator

oor [ɔ:] door floor

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our

ou

ow

oy

[uə] moor poor boor

[auə] our hour sour flour

[uə] tour flour bourn lour

[ɔ:] pour court four mourn

[ə] honour neighbour

[ɜ:] journey courteous

[au] house mouth mouse sound found

[ʌ] enough trouble touch double

[ə] delicious gracious prosperous

[əʊ] soul shoulder

[u:] wound soup route group youth

[ʊ] should could would

[ɔ:] thought bought brought

[ɒ] cough

[əu] window meadow know show low

[au] now town how down cow

[ɔɪ] boy toy

[p] paper plane pig ship pen pencil pack pick

个别词中发[uə]

大多数情况下

跟l连接时发[əʊ]

一般情况发[p]

p在n,s,t之前时不发音

字母q总是与u在一起，读做

/kw/, 此处u不作元音。

在词首和词中时，字母r常读

作摩擦辅音/r/

p

ph

不发

音

pneumonia psychology receipt

q

qu

[ f ] elephant telephone photo

[k] Iraq cheque

[kw]

[r]

queue quest require

red ruler rub rob robbery right read ride marry sorry

r

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当字母r位于词尾，其后的单

for ever far away her eyes for example

词以元音字母开头，字母r与

该元音字母连读，读作摩擦音

/r/

重读音节中，字母r常与前面

相邻的元音字母构成组合，读

不发

音

(美

音)

[s]

[z]

[sk]

[s]

[z]

[s]

mark arm her per sir girl or lord burn turn

作元音。如：ar发[ɑ:]；er

发[ɜ:]；ir发[ɜ:]；or发

[ɔ:]；ur发[ɜ:]

card board door floor form north

sit seat sell sold sleep slow skate desk

music husband

Scotland scarlet

scene science

nose suppose gose lose pose rose

mouse house

在音节开头或清辅音前 /s/

在元音字母间或浊辅音前/z/

音素sh用在一个基本词的开

头或是结尾(she, dish), 还

用在一个音节的结尾

s

sc

se

sh [ʃ] shit sheep shop cash rubbish wash

(finish), 但绝对不会在后一

个音节的开头, 除非是以

ship结尾(worship,

friendship)

sion

t

tch

[ʃə

n]

[ʒ ə

n]

[t]

[ʃ]

[tʃ]

[θ]

[ð]

propulsion tension progression passion

protrusion provision conclusion television

ten letter meet toe

在辅音之后，读作 [ʃə n]

在元音之后，读 [ʒ ə n]

一般情况发[t]

在弱读字母ia ie io前[ʃ]

一般情况发[θ]

th在冠词、代词、介词、连词

中[ð]

th 在词尾-the、-ther中：[ð]

patient nation

catch match

thank think thought cloth

the these with than there th

tr

father mother weather brother clothe

[tr] tree truck try street straight ostrich

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ture

tion

[tʃə] picture future

[ʃə

station nation translation attention

n]

[tʃə

question(不常见)

n]

[ju] university refuse unique universe huge

一般情况发 [ʃə n]

元音a, e, o, u在音节结尾

(开音节)一般读做字母音

在重读开音节中，在字母l、

r、j之后读做[U:]

在重读闭音节中一般读做[u]

或[ʌ]

在非重读音节中一般读做[ə]

特殊情况

[u:] blue rule June

u

[u]

[ʌ]

[ə]

[i]

[u:]

[e]

[ju:]

[ɜ:]

[v]

[w]

put push pull full bull

but brush bucket duck bubble

support suggest

minute

blue flue clue

guess

cue due

nurse turn hurt fur

voice love leave very vain vein

week win wake sweet wait watch water wife wash

answer two

what where when why which white wheel

who whom whose whole

write wrong wrist

box fox mix six sixteen taxi

text except excite excuse next oxygen

e不发音

u不发音

在单词开头发[w]

Wh在大多数情况下发[w],字

母h不发音

Wh后接o时，字母w不发音，

字母h发/h/音

Wr-发[r]

x位于词尾或音节尾部，读

/ks/

x后跟辅音字母，读/ks/

X在重读元音前(位于两个元

音字母之间)/gz/

特殊情况

特殊情况

Y字母在单词最前面读发[j]

Y字母在单词尾，重读音节读

/a

ue

ur

v

w

不发

音

[w]

wh

[h]

wr

[r]

[ks]

x

[gz] example exis exact examine exactly 但是exercise例外

[kʃ] anxious

[z] xylophone

[j] yes yard yellow young you yesterday yolk

y

[aɪ] fly by cry

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[ɪ]

family slowly

volleyball

[z] puzzle zero zoo zebra

z

[ʒ] azure

[ts] pizza

zh

[ʒ] zhoosh

.

ɪ/

Y字母在单词尾，非重读音节

读/ɪ/

弱读念/ɪ/

一般情况发[z]

外来词

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