2024年4月14日发(作者：手机一键复制粘贴工具)

Poetry is one of the three major types or genres of literature, the others being prose and drama.

Poems are often divided into lines and stanzas.

Types of poetry include narrative poetry（叙事诗）such as ballads（民谣）, epics, metrical

romances; dramatic poetry（戏剧诗）like dramatic monologues（独白诗） and dramatic

dialogues; lyrics（抒情诗） such as sonnets, odes（颂歌）, elegies（挽歌）and love poems.

A sonnet is a fourteen-line lyric poem with a single theme, usually written in iambic

pentameter.

由十四行组成的抒情诗，通常由五步抑扬格诗行组成，表达单一的主题。

2 kinds of sonnet:

The Petrarchan or Italian sonnet皮特拉克或意大利十四行诗

:an 8-line octave and 6-line sestet with the octave rhyming abba abba , the sestet cde cde. The

octave raises a question, states a problem and the sestet answers the question, solves the

problem.

The Shakespearean or English sonnet: 3 4-line quatrains and a 2-line couplet rhyming

abab cdcd efef gg. Each of the three quatrains usually explores a different variation of the

main theme. The couplet presents a summarizing or concluding statement.

Ode a lyric poem of some length that honors an individual, a thing or a trait

dealing with a lofty theme in a dignified manner. The English odes are of three

types.

颂词是篇幅较长的抒情诗。风格庄严，主题崇高，用以向某人致敬或诵物志事。

Ode to the West Wind is of the horatian type: with stanza of uniform length and

arrangement. It consists of five 14-lined stanzas of iambic pentameter, each of the

stanza containing four tercets and a closing couplet. The rhyme scheme is aba,

bcb, cdc, ded, ee.

史诗Epic

A.

An extended narrative poem with a heroic or superhuman protagonist engaged in an

action of great significance in a vast setting (often including the underworld and

engaging the gods).

叙事体长诗，以宏大华丽的风格来颂扬某传奇英雄的伟业。

B. Examples: Edmund Spenser's The Faerie Queene, John Milton's Paradise Lost, William

Wordsworth's The Prelude, and T. S. Eliot's The Waste Land.

Poetry stresses on rhythm, imagery, emotion and imagination.

1. Meter 韵律

A fixed arrangement of accented and unaccented syllables in a foot。

主要有The iamb抑扬格/trochee扬抑格, anapest抑抑扬格, dactyl扬抑抑格

Foot 音步 指诗歌保持节奏的不断重复的音节组合。

The number of feet:

Monometer 1 foot

Dimeter 2 feet

Trimeter 3 feet

Tetrameter 4 feet

Pentameter 5 feet

Hexameter 6 feet

Heptameter 7 feet