2024年3月23日发(作者：永久激活win10专业版激活码)

2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)真题

SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions:

thebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonthe

ANSWERSHEET.(10points)

Couldahugadaykeepthedoctoraway?Theanswermaybearesounding“yes!”1helpingyoufeelcloseand2to

peopleyoucareabout,eitornot,awarm

embracemightevenhelpyou4gettingsickthiswinter.

Inarecentstudy5over400healthyadults,researchersfromCarnegieMellonUniversityinPennsylvaniaexaminedthe

effectsofperceivedsocialsupportandthereceiptofhugs6theparticipants’susceptibilitytodevelopingthecommoncold

whoperceivedgreatersocialsupportwerelesslikelytocome8withacold,andthe

researchers9thatthestress-reducingeffectsofhugging10about32percentofthatbeneficialeffect.11amongthosewho

gotacold,theoneswhofeltgreatersocialsupportandreceivedmorefrequenthugshadlesssevere12.

“Huggingprotectspeoplewhoareunderstressfromthe13riskforcoldsthat’susually14withstress,”notesSheldon

Cohen,g“isamarkerofintimacyandhelps15thefeelingthatothersare

theretohelp16difficulty.”

Someexperts17thestress-reducing,health-relatedbenefitsofhuggingtothereleaseofoxytocin,oftencalled“the

bondinghormone”18itpromotesattachmentinrelationships,includingthatbetweenmotherandtheirnewbornbabies.

Oxytocinismadeprimarilyinthecentrallowerpartofthebrain,eof

it19inthebrain,whereit20mood,behaviorandphysiology.

1.[A]Unlike

2.[A]equal

3.[A]host

4.[A]recall

5.[A]collecting

6.[A]on

7.[A]devoted

8.[A]across

9.[A]imagined

10.[A]served

11.[A]Thus

12.[A]defeats

13.[A]highlighted

14.[A]associated

15.[A]assess

[B]Besides

[B]restricted

[B]view

[B]forget

[B]affecting

[B]in

[B]exposed

[B]along

[B]denied

[B]explained

[B]Still

[B]symptoms

[B]minimized

[B]equipped

[B]moderate

[C]Throughout[D]Despite

[C]connected

[C]lesson

[C]avoid

[C]guiding

[C]at

[C]lost

[C]down

[C]doubted

[C]restored

[C]Rather

[C]errors

[C]controlled

[C]presented

[C]generate

[D]inferior

[D]choice

[D]keep

[D]involving

[D]of

[D]attracted

[D]out

[D]calculated

[D]required

[D]Even

[D]tests

[D]increased

[D]compared

[D]record

16.[A]inthefaceof[B]intheformof[C]inthewayof[D]inthenameof

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17.[A]attribute

18.[A]unless

19.[A]emerges

20.[A]experiences

[B]commit

[B]because

[B]vanishes

[B]combines

[C]transfer

[C]though

[C]remains

[C]justifies

[D]return

[D]until

[D]decreases

[D]influences

SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

thequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,uranswerson

theANSWERSHEET.(40points)

Text1

Firsttwohours,nowthreehours—thisishowfarinadvanceauthoritiesarerecommendingpeopleshowuptocatcha

domesticflight,tswithincreasinglymassivesecuritylines.

AmericansarewillingtotolshofEgypt

AirFlight804,whichterroristsmayhavedownedovertheMediterraneanSea,

demandingtoomuchofairtravelersorprovidi

itshould:WastedtimeisadragonAmericans’economicandprivatelives,nottomentioninfuriating.

Lastyear,theTransportationSecurityAdministration(TSA)foundinasecretcheckthatundercoverinvestigatorswere

abletosneakweapons—bothfakeandreal—edsecuritymeasures

sincethen,combinedwithariseinairlinetravelduetotheimproving

economyandlowoilprices,haveresultedinlongwaitsatmajorairportssuchasChicago’sO’t

yetclearhowmuchmoreeffectiveairlinesecurityhasbecome—butthelinesareobvious.

Partoftheissueisthatthegovernmentdidnotanticipatethesteepincreaseinairlinetravel,sotheTSAisnowrushing

rfactor

maybethatmorepeoplearetryingtooverpacktheircarry-onbagstoavoidchecked-baggagefees,thoughtheairlines

stronglydisputethis.

ThereisonesteptheTSAcouldtakethatwouldnotrequireremodelingairportsorrushingtohire:Enrollmorepeople

gerswhopassa

lowstheTSAtofocusontravellerswhoarehigher

risk,wantstoenroll25millionpeopleinPreCheck.

Ithasnotgottenanywhereclosetothat,andonebigreasonisstickershock.

：

Passengersmustpay$85everyfiveyears

hebeginning,thispricetaghasbeenPreCheck’ngreforms

gressshouldlookintodoingsodirectly,byhelpingtofinance

PreCheckenrollmentortocutcostsinotherways.

TheTSAcannotcontinuedivertingresourcesintounderusedPreChecklaneswhilemostofthetravelingpublicsuffers

ngpasttimetomaketheprogramwork.

shofEgyptAirFlight804ismentionedto___________.

[A]stresstheurgencytostrengthensecurityworldwide.[B]explainAmericans’toleranceofcurrentsecuritychecks.

[C]rts.[D]emphasistheimportanceofprivacyprotection.

fthefollowingcontributionstolongwaitsatmajorairport?

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[A]Newrestrictionsoncarry-onbags.

[C]Anincreaseinthenumberoftravelers.

[B]ThedecliningefficiencyoftheTSA.

[D]Frequentunexpectedsecretchecks.

d“expedited”(Line4,Para.5)isclosestinmeaningto___________.

[A]quieter.[B]faster.[C]wider.[D]cheaper.

blemwiththePreCheckprogramis___________.

[A]Adramaticreductionofitsscale.

[C]Thegovernment’sreluctancetobackit.

[B]Itswrongly-directedimplementation.

[D]Anunreasonablepriceforenrollment.

fthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

[A]GettingStuckinSecurityLines

[C]LessScreeningforMoreSafety

Text2

“TheancientHawaiianswereastronomers,”wroteQueenLiliuokalani,Hawaii’slastreigningmonarch,

,allisnotwellwithastronomyinHawaii

tshaveeruptedoverconstructionoftheThirtyMeterTelescope(TMT),agiantobservatorythatpromisesto

revolutionizehumanity’sviewofthecosmos.

AtissueistheTMT’splannedlocationonMaunaKea,adormantvolcanoworshipedbysomeHawaiiansasthepiko,

naKeaisalsohometosomeoftheworld’smostpowerful

inthePacificOcean,MaunaKea’speakrisesabovethebulkofourplanet’sdenseatmosphere,where

conditionsallowtelescopestoobtainimagesofunsurpassedclarity.

butvocalgroupofHawaiiansandenvironmentshave

longviewedtheirpresenceasdisrespectforsacredlandandapainfulreminderoftheoccupationofwhatwasoncea

sovereignnation.

reagernesstobuildbiggertelescopes,they

dnotalwaysprioritizetheprotectionofMauna

Kea’sfragileecosystemsoritsholinesstotheisland’ancultureisnotarelicofthepast;itisaliving

cultureundergoingarenaissancetoday.

Yetsciencehasaculturalhistory,too,ecuriositytofindwhat

liesbeyondthehorizonthatfirstbroughtearlyPolynesianstoHawaii’sshoresinspiresastronomerstodaytoexplorethe

odisassemblealltelescopesonMaunaKeaortobanfuturedevelopmentthereignoretherealitythat

astronomyandHawaiianculturebothseektoanswerbigquestionsaboutwhoweare,wherewecomefromandwherewe

sthatiswhyweexplorethestarryskies,asifansweringaprimalcallingtoknowourselvesandourtrue

ancestralhomes.

Tsitewaschosento

minimizethetelescope’svisibilitthe

numberoftelescopesonMaunaKea,oldoneswillberemovedattheendoftheirlifetimesandtheirsitesreturnedtoa

snoreasonwhyeveryonecannotbewelcomedonMaunaKeatoembracetheirculturalheritageandto

studythestars.

iliuokalani’sremarkinParagraph1indicates___________.

[A]itsconservativeviewonthehistoricalroleofastronomy.

[B]theimportanceofastronomyinancientHawaiiansociety.

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[B]PreCheck—aBelatedSolution

[D]UnderusedPreCheckLanes

[C]theregrettabledeclineofastronomyinancienttimes.

[D]herappreciationofstarwatchers’featsinhertime.

eaisdeemedasanidealastronomicalsitedueto___________.

[A]itsgeographicalfeatures

[C]itsreligiousimplications.

[B]itsprotectivesurroundings.

[D]itsexistinginfrastructure.

structionoftheTMTisopposedbysomelocalspartlybecause_____.

[A]itmayriskruiningtheirintellectuallife.

[C]theirculturewillloseachanceofrevival.

[B]itremindsthemofahumiliatinghistory.

[D]theyfearlosingcontrolofMaunaKea.

einferredfromParagraph5thatprogressintoday’sastronomy____.

[A]isfulfillingthedreamsofancientHawaiians.

[C]mayuncovertheoriginofHawaiianculture.

[B]helpsspreadHawaiiancultureacrosstheworld.

[D]willeventuallysoftenHawaiians’hostility.

hor’sattitudetowardchoosingMaunaKeaastheTMTsiteisoneof

[A]severecriticism.[B]passiveacceptance.[C]slighthesitancy.[D]fullapproval.

Text3

yoncesaidthatacountry’sGDPmeasures“everythingexceptthatwhichmakeslifeworthwhile.”

WithBritainvotingtoleavetheEuropeanUnion,andGDPalreadypredictedtoslowasaresult,itisnowatimelymoment

toassesswhathewasreferringto.

Thequestioguethatitisa

recentmeasures,theUK’sGDPhas

beentheenvyoftheWesternworld,ythingwasgoingso

well,thenwhydidover17millionpeoplevoteforBrexit,despitethewarningsaboutwhatitcoulddototheircountry’s

economicprospects?

Arecentannualstudyofcountriesandtheirabilitytoconvertgrowthintowell-beingshedssomelightonthatquestion.

Acrossthe163countriesmeasured,theUKisoneofthepoorestperformersinensuringthateconomicgrowthistranslated

thanjustfocusingonGDP,over40differentsetsofcriteriafrom

health,educationandcivilsocietyengagementhavebeenmeasuredtogetamoreroundedassessmentofhowcountriesare

performing.

Whileallofthesecountriesfacetheirownchallenges,,therehasbeena

buddingeconomicrecoverysincethe2008globalcrash,butinkeyindicatorsinareassuchashealthandeducation,major

sisn’lativelypoorEuropeancountrieshave

seenhugeimprovementsacrossmeasuresincludingcivilsociety,incomeequalityandenvironment.

Thisisalessonthatrichcountriescanlearn:WhenGDPisnolongerregardedasthesolemeasureofacountry’s

success,theworldlooksverydifferent.

So,whatKennedywasreferringtowasthatwhileGDPhasbeenthemostcommonmethodformeasuringtheeconomic

activityofnations,asameasure,notincludeimportantfactorssuchasenvironmentalquality

oreducationoutcomes–allthingsthatcontributetoaperson’ssenseofwell-being.

ThesharphittogrowthpredictedaroundtheworldandintheUKcouldleadtoadeclineintheeverydayserviceswe

icymakerswhorefocuseffortsonimprovingwell-beingratherthan

simplyworryingaboutGDPfigurescouldavoidtheforecasteddoomandmayevenseeprogress.

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