2024年6月14日发(作者：)

现在完成时

1、概念：表示过去发生的对现在有影响的动作或者表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态。

2、时间状语：already, before, ever, just, lately, never, once, recently, yet, until now, so far,

in the past few years, up to the present等。

3、基本结构：have/has done

have/has done

肯定句

否定句

一般疑问句

特殊疑问句

The old man has lived here for more than twenty years.

The old man hasn’t lived here for more than twenty years.

Has the old man lived here for more than twenty years?

How long has the old man lived here?

4、现在完成时的用法：

1）现在完成时表示动作发生在过去，但对现在造成一定的影响：这种用法的时间状语有四类，如下：

【例句】

I have just finished my homework.

I have seen the film three times.

Up to now we have planted over 24,000 fruit trees.

Great changes have taken place in the past twenty years in China.

1

2）现在完成时表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态：这种用法通常与由since或for引导的时间状语连用，动词

需要使用延续性动词。

【例句】 I haven’t been here for five years.

There have been a lot of changes since 1978.

She has worked as an English teacher since she left University.

3）现在完成时可以用来表示过去的一个时间到现在这段时间内重复发生的动作：

【例句】 We have had four texts this semester.

He has failed many times recently.

4）have been to和have gone to的区别：

① have been to强调“去过”，现在已经不在那里；

② have gone to强调的是“去了”，现在还在那里或在去那里的路上。

【例句】 He has been to the USA three times. （过去“去过美国”，现在已“不在美国”）

--Where’s your mother?

--She has gone to the hospital. （现在在医院，或者去医院的路上）

另外，has been in表示“一直在某地”，如：

We have been in Beijing for a whole year.

5）使用现在完成时的固定句型：

2