2024年4月27日发(作者：)

2021高考英语重点单词词性转换和语境活用17解析版

基础盘点·自测自评33

拓

展

词

汇

adj.亲密的；亲近的 adv.紧挨着→closely adv.接近地；紧密地；严密地；亲近地

e n.财政→financial adj.财政上的，金融的→financially adv.财政上地

n.心情；心境；情绪→moody adj.喜怒无常的

v.&n.后悔；悔恨→regretful adj.懊悔的；遗憾的→regretfully adv.懊悔地；惋惜地；

er vt.考虑→considering prep.鉴于；考虑到→considerate adj.体贴的；考虑周到的

→consideration n.考虑

e v.原谅；宽恕→forgiveness n.原谅

t v.预言；预测→prediction n.预言；预测

v.重聚(使人或事物)合为一体；联合→ united adj.(为共同目标)团结的；联合的；和睦

的；(政治上)统一的→reunite v.重聚

重

语

the party, they sat very close and had a close talk, but I didn’t know why they spoke to each other

so closely．(close)

husband is a moody man and his mood is always changeable. (mood)

teacher is considering making another plan. She is very considerate and will take money into

consideration, too. (consider)

scientists in America predict that the previous predictions that the Greek scholars made won’t

turn into reality. (predict)

can choose to forgive someone who has hurt you even if they do not deserve or ask for

forgiveness．(forgive)

time he had wasted playing computer games and studied hard to make up for it. (regret)

点

境

词

活

汇

深

用

regretted playing computer games. Therefore, after entering high school, he felt regretful for the

高考英语后缀-ish结尾形容词全扫描

book-bookish 书本上的；书呆子气的

child-childish 孩子气的

fiend-fiendish 恶魔似的；残忍的；极坏的

Turkey-Turkish 土耳其语的；土耳其的

boy-boyish 孩子气的；像男孩的

Danmark-Danish 丹麦的；丹麦人的

Poland-Polish 波兰的

woman-womanish 女子气的；柔弱的

man-mannish 成人似的；像男子的

devil-devilish 邪恶的；魔鬼似的

谙

cold-coldish 微冷的

构

fool-foolish 愚蠢的；可笑的

girlish 少女的；少女似的

词

self-selfish 自私的

法

Sweden- Swedish瑞典的；瑞典人的

fat-fattish 稍胖的；略肥的

对接高考·重点单词词性转换高效演练33

Ⅰ

.单句语法填空

is with great regret that I tell you I can’t go to the book store with you at the appointed (appoint) time.

fled aimlessly (aimless) in terror as the tsunami struck the city without any precaution.

’s ashamed (shame) of him to have got so much help from others but give nothing to society in return.

manager says he needs an assistant that he can count on to deal with the problems that may occur in his

absence (absent).

amounts of agricultural (agriculture) technology are needed by the farmers.

6.A man immediately rushed to the girl to give her first aid and I joined in without hesitation (hesitate)．

this instance, the best solution is to send a quick, light­hearted apology (apologise) to explain your

awkwardness.

week I eagerly counted my growing savings (save) increased by extra work here and there.

did not regret having given the comment but felt that he could have expressed it differently (different).

boy is good at advanced (advance) mathematics, not to mention such an easy problem.

Ⅰ

.单句改错

is a shy girl, but can you imagine her quarrel with the boss in Japanese?

quarrel→quarreling

g the funny story, all the people present burst into laughing.

laughing→laughter

the workers belonged to the factory must obey the rule.

belonged→belonging

problems are close connected with bad eating habits and a lack of exercise.

close→closely

woman managed to escape from the fire with her baby, extremely terrified and exhausting.

exhausting→exhausted

III.短文语法填空

Throughout history people have worn clothing of one description or another. Apart 1.____________ protection

against the weather, clothes were also often used 2.____________(show) the wearer’s status and wealth. Over the

years, many fashions in clothing have come and gone. While some of these have been popular for relatively short

3.____________(period), others have lasted longer.

Until the first half of the 20th century, the ability to follow fashion was limited to those 4.____________ had

the money to do so. But following fashion did not only demand money, it also required large amounts of time.

Wealthy people took fashion very 5.____________(serious) and close attention had to 6.____________(pay) to

details. Wearing the correct clothes for different occasions 7.____________(be) very important, despite the fact that

this often meant 8.____________(change) clothes five or six times a day.

More recently, fashionable clothes have come within the reach of ordinary people. The

9.____________(tradition) methods of dressmaking, which usually involved sewing by hand, were both costly and

slow. But today’s clothing industry has made 10.____________ easier for people to keep up with changes in

fashion without having to spend a great amount of money.

【解题导语】本文介绍了时尚服装由最初的仅在有钱人中盛行到逐步进入普通人的生活的发展历程。

1．from 解析：考查介词。句意：除了抵御天气(的影响)，衣服还经常被用来显示穿衣者的地位和财

富。apart from为固定搭配，意为“除了”，故填from。

2．to show 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意见上一题解析。be used to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“被用来

做某事”，故填to show。

3．periods 解析：考查名词单复数。句意：其中一些流行的时间相对较短，而另一些持续时间较长。

period表示“一段时间；阶段；周期”时是可数名词，此处表示复数概念，应用复数形式，故填periods。

4．that/who 解析：考查定语从句。句意：直到20世纪上半叶，追随时尚的能力只限于那些有钱人。

先行词为those，指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以填that/who。

5．seriously 解析：考查词性转换。句意：富人对时尚非常重视，他们对细节的关注非常密切。设空

处修饰动词took，应用副词，take sth. seriously意为“认真对待某事；重视某事”。故填seriously。

6．be paid 解析：考查动词的语态。句意见上一题解析。分析句子成分可知，pay与close attention之

间是被动关系，应用被动形式，且have to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“不得不做某事”，故填be paid。

7．was 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：在不同场合穿合适的衣服非常重要，尽管这通常

意味着每天要换五到六次衣服。分析句子成分可知，设空处在句中作谓语，主语“Wearing the correct clothes for

different occasions”为动名词短语，表示单数概念，故谓语应用单数形式，根据上下文时态可知，此处叙述

发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故填was。

8．changing 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意见上一题解析。分析句子成分可知，本句中that后的从句

已有谓语动词meant，设空处在句中作meant的宾语，且mean在此作“意味着”讲，后应跟动名词作宾语，

故填changing。

9．traditional 解析：考查词性转换。句意：传统制衣方法通常需要手工缝纫，既昂贵又缓慢。设空

处在句中修饰名词methods，应用形容词，故填traditional。

10．it 解析：考查代词。句意：但今天的服装业使得人们不用花很多钱就能更容易地跟上时尚的变化。

分析句子成分可知，本句中真正的宾语是动词不定式短语“to keep up with changes ”，设空处是形

式宾语，故填it。

IV.短文改错

Last month our class organized a hike along the Chaobai River, which run through Hebei, Beijing and Tianjin.

Much to my disappoint, I found the river was serious polluted. At that moment, I was determined to do what I could

protect it. First, under my teacher’s help, I used the equipments from the school lab to test the quality of the river

water. But then, I used the data I had collected it to analyze the pollution of the river. Finally, I write a report on the

pollution of the river to the local government. I also gave a presentation in class where I suggested that we must

make changes to protect our water resources.

答案：

Last month our class organized a hike along the Chaobai River, which

Tianjin. Much to my

run

through Hebei, Beijing and

①runs

disappointserious

， I found the river was

polluted. At that moment, I was

①disappointment①seriously

①underequipments

determined to do what I could

①to

protect it. First, my teacher’s help, I used the from the

①with①equipment

school lab to test the quality of the river water.

But

then, I used the data I had collected ①＼it to analyze the

①And

pollution of the river. Finally, I

write

a report on the pollution of the river to the local government. I also gave a

①wrote

must

presentation in class where I suggested that we ①/must＼ make changes to protect our water resources.

should

基础盘点·自测自评34

重

点

词

拓

展

词

汇

1. relative n.亲戚；亲属→relate v.联系→ relation n.关系

ret v.诠释；解释；翻译→interpreter n.口译译员→interpretation n.解释；演绎

e v.结合；联合→combination n.联合

s v.使沮丧；使意志消沉；使心灰意冷→depressed adj.沮丧的→depressing

adj.令人沮丧的→depression n.沮丧；消沉

on n.志气；抱负；雄心→ambitious adj.有志气的；有野心的

te v.规定；管理；整顿→regulation n.规则；条例→regular adj.有规律的；平常的；

正规的→(反义词)irregular adj.不正常的；不合乎常规的

ary adj.自愿的；志愿的→ volunteer n.志愿者 v.自愿做

n.(痛苦、忧虑等的)解除；减轻；调剂；宽慰→relieve v.解除；减轻；缓和

v．使放松；使轻松→relaxed adj.轻松的；无拘无束的→relaxing adj.使人放松的

→relaxation n.放松；消遣；娱乐

t v.收藏→collector n.收藏家；收集者→collection n.收藏；收藏品

is an excellent interpreter；she has a gift for interpreting. (interpret)

the players were depressed about the depressing result, which depressed the captain too.(depress)

activities should be regulated by the regulation. And we should do things through regular

channels. So those irregular activities must be corrected. (regulate)

relaxing sports activities make us relaxed. When you have them, you’ll get relaxation from

them.(relax)

’s easier for the ambitious students to succeed in their studies than those with little

ambition．(ambition)

my relief, the new medicine bought from Beijing helped relieve the pain of my brother’s injured

leg.(relief)

’t relate me to Kate; she is not my relative and we have no relation at all.(relate)

volunteers have made voluntary contributions to the cause of rural economic improvement.

(voluntary)

语

境

汇

用

活

is a famous collector who collects coins and stamps. His private collection is classic.(collect)

深

形容词→副词

高考英语构词法之转化法

hard adj.困难的→adv努力地

deep adj.深的→adv.深人地

highly,deeply,widely用作副词时表示抽象

注意：high,deep,wide 用作副词时表示具体

谙

构

词

high adj.高的→adv.高高地

法

wide adj.宽的→adv.广泛地

对接高考·重点单词词性转换高效演练34

Ⅰ

.单句语法填空

g under the tree was a charming(charm) girl aged about seventeen and eighteen.

ys, the adults have great pressure（press）, and the same is true for the children.

firm is working on a new product in combination (combine) with several overseas partners.

an actor, you must draw upon/on your experience to create believable（believe）characters.

possession (possess) of a happiest man may not be the best, but he knows how to fully enjoy what he has.

usually share the feelings and ideas with each other especially when we feel depressed (depress)．

ists have drawn a conclusion that smoking is greatly associated with lung cancer.

g (draw) upon the money left by his father, Mr. Li set up a school for the left­behind children.

idea of garden city was to combine the best of town and country in a new kind of settlement (settle).

10.I feel honoured（honour）to have the opportunity to take part in the voluntary activity in honour of Lei Feng.

①

.单句改错

was for lack of careful that I left out an important figure in the exam.

careful→carefulness

was his absent of mind during driving that nearly caused a serious accident.

absent→absence

addition to look after her brothers and sisters, Lucy also helped her mother do some housework.

look→looking

4.I’m feeling extremely relaxing about the result now because I was admitted into a key university.

relaxing→relaxed

your request, I am pleased to inform you that we have considered it.

Regard→Regarding

III.短文语法填空

The Hong Kong­Zhuhai­Macao Bridge, as the 1.____________(long) cross­sea bridge in the world, is

expected 2.____________(have) 5G service in the future, according to Fang Zheng, vice general manager of the

WLAN office of ZTE Corp., the bridge’s network 3.____________(operate)．

The 55­km Hong Kong­Zhuhai­Macao Bridge, 4.____________ opened on Oct. 23, 2018, connects the

mainland province of Guangdong with the country’s two special administrative regions, Hong Kong and Macao.

“The Hong Kong­Zhuhai­Macao Bridge now has good coverage of 4G service，” said Fang. “Experts and

workers have overcome the difficulties of a complex construction environment and the lack 5.____________ an

optical fiber(光纤) to provide tailored 4G solutions for the bridge and prepare for the future upgrading of 5G

service. It can be seen as 6.____________ unique application of wireless technology, highlighting the high­quality

products and 7.____________(advance) technology provided by China’s communication section.”

8．____________(actual), the Hong Kong­Zhuhai­Macao Bridge is now ready for the access of Internet of

Things, a major business to be achieved by 5G technology. Since the very beginning, the technological base needed

for 5G 9.____________(consider) in terms of network architecture, room for 5G station as well 10.____________

the installment(安装) of fiber.

【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。港珠澳大桥有望在未来开通5G网络服务。

1．longest 解析：考查形容词的最高级。根据语境及空前的“the”可知，此处表示作为世界上最长的跨

海大桥，故填形容词的最高级。

2．to have 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处表示未来有望开通5G网络服务。此处be expected to do sth.

意为“有望做某事”，为固定用法，所以此处用动词不定式。

3．operator 解析：考查词性转换。此处表示大桥的网络操作员。故填operator。

4．which 解析：考查关系代词。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“The 55­km

Hong Kong­Zhuhai­Macao Bridge”，且从句中缺少主语，所以填which。

5．of 解析：考查介词。分析句子结构可知，此处lack为名词，lack of sth.意为“缺乏某物”，为固定用

法。

6．a 解析：考查冠词。此处表示它可以被看作是无线技术的一种独特应用。application作“应用”讲时，

可用作可数名词，且unique的发音以辅音音素开头，所以填不定冠词a。

7．advanced 解析：考查形容词。此处表示由中国通信部提供的先进技术。此处应用形容词修饰名词

technology，故填advanced。

8．Actually 解析：考查副词。句意：实际上，港珠澳大桥现已准备好接入物联网，物联网是5G技术

将实现的一项重要业务。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，此处用副词作状语。

9．has been considered 解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据句首的“Since”可知，主句应

用现在完成时；主语“the technological base”与consider之间为被动关系，所以此处用现在完成时的被动语态。

又因主语techological base为单数，故填has been considered。

10．as 解析：考查固定搭配。分析句子结构可知，“network architecture, room for 5G station”以及“the

installment(安装) of fiber”构成并列关系，故用as well as“也，还”，其为固定搭配。

IV.短文改错

Dear Mr. Brown，

We have learned that you were going back to America for the summer vacation. To express our thank for your

excellent teaching in our school, we have decided have a party for you. The party which will start at 6：30 on Friday

evening in the lecture hall. It will possible last an hour. To start with, our monitor will give a speech on behalf of a

whole class. Then we would like to invite you to join us and singing some English songs. In the end of the party, we

will present you with some gifts and cards, mostly making by ourselves. I believe you will have a good time

together.

Looking forward to your coming.

Yours sincerely，

Frank

答案：

Dear Mr. Brown，

We have learned that you

werethank

going back to America for the summer vacation. To express our for

①are①thanks

①

your excellent teaching in our school, we have decided

①to

have a party for you. The party ①which＼ will start at

6：30 on Friday evening in the lecture hall. It will

speech on behalf of

songs.

possible

last an hour. To start with, our monitor will give a

①possibly

asinging

whole class. Then we would like to invite you to join us and some English

①the/our①sing

Inmaking

the end of the party, we will present you with some gifts and cards, mostly by ourselves. I

①At①made

you

will have a good time together.

①we

Yours sincerely，

Frank

believe

Looking forward to your coming.