2024年3月17日发(作者：)

常被误用为不及物动词的及物动词

有些动词是及物动词，但常被误用为不及物动词。常见的有以下这些动词。

1. 当我接近那个人时，发现他是个盲人。

[误] When I approached toward (或near, to) the man, I saw that he was blind.

[正] When I approached the man, I saw that he was blind.

[析] approach当“走近；接近”讲，后跟人物、地点、目标等名词时，是及物动词，

其后不能加toward, near或to等介词。approach还可作不及物动词。如：

May Day is approaching. 五一节即将来临。

2. 妈妈时常告诫我们不要试图做不可能的事情。

[误] Mother always warns us not to attempt at the impossible things.

[正] Mother always warns us not to attempt the impossible things.

[析] ① attempt 是及物动词，后跟名词或不定式作宾语，不需要加介词。又如：

The prisoners attempted an escape but failed. 囚犯企图逃跑，可是没有成功。

Don’t attempt to get up. 不要勉强起床。

①attempt作名词时，后跟介词at表示试图做某事而得到的产物；跟on引出要

破坏的对象。如：

My first attempt at a chocolate cake tasted horrible. 我第一次尝试做的巧克力

糕难吃极了。

He made an attempt on the world record. 她试图打破世界纪录。

在动词attempt后加介词很有可能是受名词attempt 的影响所致，所以在使用

attempt时，我们要弄清它的词性。

3. 我将在上午十点半登机。

[误] I will board on the plane at 10:30 am.

[正] I will board the plane at 10:30 am.

[析] board作及物动词，意为“上船（车，飞机等）”，不能在后面加介词。又如：

Please board the bus immediately. 请马上上车。

The passengers boarded on the plane at noon. 乘客们中午登上了飞机。

4 歌手走上舞台时，听众为他喝采。

[误] The audience cheered for the singer when he walked on the stage.

[正] The audience cheered the singer when he walked on the stage.

[析] ①cheer 表示“对……喝彩（欢呼）”时是及物动词，不能使用介词for。又如：

The boys cheered their team. 孩子们为自己的队鼓劲。

We all cheered the victory of our volleyball team. 我们都为我们排球队的胜利而

欢呼。

①cheer表示“欢呼，喝彩”时是不及物动词。如：

The crowd cheered at the sight of the honored guest. 群众一看见那个贵宾，就欢

呼起来了。

5 我们都渴望和平与幸福。

[误] We all desire for health and happiness.

[正] We all desire health and happiness.

[析] ①desire 是及物动词，后面直接跟名词、不定式或从句作宾语。如：

We desire your early reply. 我们盼望你尽早答复。

I desire to see you. 我很想见到你。

They desired that we should come to help them. 他们很想让我们来帮助他们。

①desire作名词时，可与for连用，引出想要得到的东西。如：

She has great desire for wealth. 她对财富有极大的欲望。

6 我们将在今天下午讨论这个报告。

[误] We shall discuss about the report in the afternoon.

[正] We shall discuss the report in the afternoon.

[析] discuss 是及物动词，直接跟宾语。又如：

We’ll discuss the problem with them tomorrow. 我们明天准备和他们商讨这个问

题。

7. 沿着这条街走到邮局，再向左拐，你就到了。

[误] Follow along this street until you get to the post office, then turn to the left and

there you are.

[正] Follow this street until you get to the post office, then turn to the left and there

you are.