2024年3月16日发(作者：)

2020年管理类专业学位联考英语真题及解析

（上海华是学院英语权威名师团队马红、王舒老师解析）

SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions

：

thebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA.B.C

orDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)

Beingagoodparentis,ofcourse,

definingwhatitmeanstobeagoodparentisundoubtedlyvery

sincechildrenresponddifferentlytothesamestyleof

1particularly

parenting.A

calm,rule-followingchildmightrespondbettertoadifferentsortofparentingthan.

2,ayoungerone.

3,there'sanothersortofparentthat'sabiteasierto4

5

:apatient

,,

noeasy

areunabletomaintaina

this.

You'reonlyhuman,andsometimesyourkidscan

nthe9

8

7

mes,parentsgetexhaustedand

stand

youjustalittletoo

happens:Youloseyourpatienceandeitherscreamatyour

hkidsorsaysomethingthatwasabittoo

thatyoucould

12

'veallbeenthere.

eventhoughit''svitaltokeepinmindthatinasingle

13foramomentoffatigue,youcansaysomethingtoyourchildthatyoumay

ynotonlydodamagetoyourrelationshipwithyourchildbutalso

14yourchild'sself-esteem.

Ifyouconsistentlyloseyour15withyourkids,thenyouareinadvertently

llbecomingincreasingly

askill

,theabilitytomaintainemotional

controlwhen17bystressisoneofthemostsignificantofalllife'sskills.

1

Certainly,it'sincredibly18tomaintainpatienceatalltimeswithyour

racticalgoalistotry,tothebestofyourability,tobeastolerantand

composedasyoucanwhenfacedwith19situationsinvolvingyourchildren.I

canpromiseyouthis:Asaresultofworkingtowardthisgoal,youandyourchildren

willbenefitand

emotionally.

20fromstressfulmomentsfeelingbetterphysicallyand

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

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答案：1-5BCADD6-10CBDAB11-15ADBCD16-20DACBC

2

SelectionⅡReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions：

thequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA，

B，uranswersonANSWERSHEET.(40points)

Text1

Ratsandotheranimalsneedtobehighlyattunedtosocialsignalsfromothersso

outifthis

go,

andhercolleaguestestedwhetherratscandetectsocialsignalsfromroboticrats.

Theyhousedeightadultratswithtwotypesofroboticrat—onesocialandone

lingachunkier

versionofacomputermousewithwheels-tomovearoundandcolorfulmarkings.

Duringtheexperiment,.thesocialrobotratfollowedthelivingratsaround,

playedwiththesametoys,andopenedcageddoorstolettrappedratsescape.

Meanwhile,theasocialrobotsimplymovedforwardsandbackwardsandsidetoside.

Next,theresearcherstrappedtherobotsincagesandgavetheratsthe

opportunitytoreleasethembypressingalever.

Across18trialseach,thelivingratswere52percentmorelikelyonaveragetoset

ggeststhattheratsperceivedthe

yhavebondedmorewiththesocial

uld

leadtotheratsbetterrememberinghavingfreeditearlier,andwantingtherobotto

returnthefavourwhentheygettrapped,saysQuinn.

Thereadinessoftheratstobefriendthesocialrobotwassurprisinggivenits

otwasthesamesizeasaregularratbutresembledasimple

plasticboxonwheels.”We’dassumedwe’dhavetogiveitamovingheadandtail,

twasn’t

necessary,”ped

3

withtheresearch.

Thefindingshowshowsensitiveratsaretosocialcues,evenwhentheycome

rly,childrentendtotreatrobotsasiftheyarcfellowbeings,

evenwhentheydisplayonlysimplesocialsignals.“Wehumansseemtobe

fascinatedbyrobots,anditturnsoutotheranimalsaretoo.”MsaysWiles.

ndhercolleaguesconductedatesttoseeifratscan_____________.

socialsignalsfromnon-livingrats

guishafriendlyratfromahostileone

sociabletraitsthroughspecialtraining

twarningmessagestotheirfellow

dtheasocialrobotdoduringtheexperiment?_____________.

owedthesocialrobot

edwithsometoys

hetrappedratsfree

daroundalone

ingtoQuinn,theratsreleasedthesocialrobotbecausethey________.

opracticeameansofescape

edittodothesameinreturn

todisplaytheirintelligence

eredthataninterestinggame

ilesnotesthatrats_________.

emberotherrat’sfacialfeatures

entiatesmellsbetterthansizes

dmoretocationsthantolooks

caredbyaplasticboxonwheels

elearnedfromthetextthatrats____________.

tobeadaptabletonewsurroundings

esociallyactivethanotheranimals

differentlyfromchildreninsocializing

esensitivetosocialcuesthanexpected

4

答案：ADBCD

21题：第一段go,andher

colleaguestestedwhetherratscandetectsocialsignalsfromroboticrats.

老鼠发出的社交信号。A项对应词pickupsocialsignals

测试机器

22题：第三段结尾提到theasocialrobotsimplymovedforwardsandbackwards

andsidetoside.“moveforwardsandbackwards“对应选项Dmovearound

23题：第五段，老鼠希望能社交活动的机器鼠能日后回报，也放它们出来’，

对应选项B。

24题：We’dassumedwe’dhavetogiveitamovingheadandtail,

twasn’tnecessary,”。科学家

以为给机器老鼠安上脑袋，尾巴，涂上气味，但是后来发现这样做法是多余的。

可以了解老鼠关注行动多一点。对应选C.更多关注行动。

25题：最后一段提到“howsensitiveratsaretosocialcues,”老鼠对社交线索很

敏感，关键词socialcues

Text2

reisoneissueonwhichthe

manycriticsagree:thatCEOsarepaidtoomuch(ortoomuch

relativetoworkers),orthattheyrigothers’pay,orthattheirpayisinsufficiently

morelikelytruthisCEOpayislargelycaused

byintensecompetition.

ItistruethatCEOpayhasgoneup—toponesmaymake300timesthepayof

typicalworkersonaverage,andsincethemid-1970s,CEOpayforlargepublicly

tradedAmericancorporationshas,byvaryingestimates,goneupbyabout500%.The

typicalCEOofatopAmericancorporation—fromthe350largestsuchcompanies—

nowmakesabout$18.9millionayear.

Whileindividualcasesofoverpaymentdefinitelyexist,ingeneral,the

,

stepwith

thevalueofthosecompaniesonthestockmarket.

5

ThebestmodelforunderstandingthegrowthofCEOpay,though,isthatof

limitedCEOtalentinaworldwherebusinessopportunitiesforthetopfirmsare

ortsofAmerica’shighest-earning1%havebeenoneofthe

’snotpopulartosay,butonereason

theirpayhasgoneupsomuchisthatCEOsreallyhaveuppedtheirgamerelativeto

y.

Today’sCEO,atleastformajorAmericanfirms,musthavemanymoreskills

thansimplybeingableto“runthecompany.”CEOsmusthaveagoodsenseof

so

needbetterpublicrelationsskillsthantheirpredecessors,asthecostsofevenaminor

ere’sthefactthatlargeAmericancompaniesare

muchmoreglobalizedthaneverbefore,withsupplychainsspreadacrossalarger

inthatsystemrequiresknowledgethatisfairly

mind-boggling.

Thereisyetanothertrend:virtuallyallmajorAmericancompaniesarebecoming

techcompanies,businesscompany,forinstance,may

focusonR&rly,itis

hardtodoagoodjobrunningtheWaltDisneyCompanyjustbypickinggoodmovie

scriptsandcourtingstars;youalsoneedtobuildafirmcapableofcreatingsignificant

CGIproductsforanimatedmoviesatthehighestlevelsoftechnicalsophisticationand

withmanyfrontierinnovationsalongtheway.

Ontopofallofthis,majorCEOsstillhavetodothejobtheyhavealwaysdone

—whichincludesmotivatingemployees,servingasaninternalrolemodel,helpingto

defineandextendacorporateculture,understandingtheinternalaccounting,and

Osaresomeofthe

world’smostpotentcreatorsandhavesomeoftheverydeepestskillsof

understanding.

fthefollowinghascontributedtoCEOpayrise?

wthinthenumberofcooperation

eralpayrisewithabettereconomy

6

sedbusinessopportunitiesfortopfirms

ooperationamongleadingeconomics

edwiththeirpredecessors,today'sCEOsarerequiredto___.

astrongersenseofteamwork

emoreresearchanddevelopment

ishclosertieswithtechcompanies

emoreglobalizedcompanies

hasbeenrisingsincethe1970sdespite____.

ualinternalopposition

corporategovernance

vativebusinessstrategies

edgovernancewarnings

Opaycanbejustifiedbythefactthatithelps___.

mthestatusofCEOs

insidecandidates

heefficiencyofCEOs

secorporatevalue

tsuitabletitleforthistextwouldbe___.

eNotOverpaid

:PastandPresent

'ChallengesofToday

its:NotEasytoDefine

答案：CDBDA

26题：第三段提到，CEO拿高薪是由于顶级企业的营商机会越发多了。

27题：第五段提到做CEO各种能力要求，要懂金融，懂人际关系，由于供应链

全球化，要有全球运作能力。

28题：Butmostmeasures,corporategovernancehasbecomealottighterandmore

sprincipallyduringthisperiodofstronger

governancethatCEOpayhasbeenhighandrising转折yet提到70年代，虽然更

7

严格管理，CEO工资还在增长。

29题：CEO酬金和股票挂钩，CEO工资涨了，公司价值也提升了，也就是为公

司创造更大利润

30题：全文提到为何付给CEO高薪，说了一通理由，结论高官高薪不过分。

Text3

MadridwashailedasapublichealthbeaconlastNovemberwhenitrolledout

ambitiousrestrictionsonthemostpollutingcars,Sevenmonthsandoneelectionday

later,anewconservativecitycouncilsuspendedenforcementofthecleanairzone,a

firststeptowarditspossibledemise.

MayorJoseLuisMartinez-Almeidamadeoppositiontothezoneacentrepieceof

hasnow

overruledthecity'sdecisiontostoplevyingfines,orderingthemreinstatedButwith

legalbattlesahead,thezone'sfuturelooksuncertainatbest.

surescitiesmustemploywhenlefttotackle

dirtyairontheirownarepoliticallycontentious,'s

becausetheyinevitablyputthecostsofcleaningtheairontoindividualdrivers-who

mustpayfeesorbuybettervehicles-ratherthanontothecarmanufacturerswhose

cheatingistherealcauseofourtoxicpollution.

It'

ultra-lowemissionzone(Ulez)islikelytobeabigissueinnextyear'smayoralelection.

AndifSadiqKhanwinsandextendsittotheNorthandsouthCircularroadsin2021

asheintends,itissuretosparkintenseoppositionformthefarlargernumberof

motoristswhowillthenbeaffected.

It'snotthatmeasuressuchasLondon'

officialsareusingtheleversthatareavailabletothemtosafeguardresidents'healthin

esdodeliversomeimprovementstoairquality,

andthesciencetellsusthatmeansrealhealthbenefits-fewerheartattacks,strokesand

mentiaandasthmaFeweruntimelydeaths.

Butmayorsandcouncillorscanonlydosomuchaboutaproblemthatisfar

biggerthananyonecityortown.

8

Theyareactingbecausenationalgovernments-Britain'sandothersacross

Europe-havefailedtodoso.

Restrictionsthatkeephighlypollutingcarsoutofcertainareas-citycentres,

"schoolstreets",evenindividualroads-arearesponsetotheabsenceofalargereffort

toproperlyenforceexistingregulationsandrequireautocompaniestobringtheir

asintroducedspeciallowspeedlimitstominimise

oingeverythingbutinsistthatmanufacturerscleanuptheircars.

fthefollowingistrueaboutMadridiscleanairzone?

ectsarequestionable.

eenopposedbyajudge.

eisyettobedecided.

stougherenforcement.

sconsideredaweaknessofthecity-levelmeasurestotackledirtyair?

ebiasedagainstcarmanufacturers.

oveimpracticalforcitycouncils.

edeemedtoomildforpoliticians.

ttoomuchburdenonindividualmotorists.

horbelievesthattheextensionofLondon’sUlezwill.

strongresistance.

Khan’selectoralsuccess.

ethecity’straffic.

ragecarmanufacturing.

stheauthorthinkshouldhaveaddressedtheproblem?

esidents

.

lors.

algovernments.

einferredfromthelastparagraphthatautocompanies.

iselow-emissioncarproduction

beforcedtofollowregulations

9

gradethedesignoftheirvehicles

beputunderpublicsupervision

答案：CDADB

31题：第一段马德里提出洁净空气区，但过后中止了，可见是命运难定。

32题：第三段“That'sbecausetheyinevitablyputthecostsofcleaningtheaironto

individualdrivers-whomustpayfeesorbuybettervehicles”把包裹丢给了司机，他

们得付费或购置更好的车辆。选这D强调个人individualmotorists

33题：第四段提到sparkintenseoppositionformthefarlargernumberofmotorists

whowillthenbeaffected。大量开车人肯定会反对这做法。Opposition在选择项

里resistance

34题：倒数第二段，“Butmayorsandcouncillorscanonlydosomuchabouta

eactingbecausenational

governments-Britain'sandothersacrossEurope-havefailedtodoso.”现在市长做的

事情只有这些，市长做的事情原本应该让国家元首做的事情

35题：尾段提到“keephighlypollutingcarsoutofcertainareas-citycentres”、

“speedlimitstominimisepollution”诸多法规需要遵守

Text4

NowthatmembersofGenerationZaregraduatingcollegethisspring--themost

commonly-accepteddefinitionsaysthisgenerationwasbornafter1995,giveortakea

reabouttohitthe

streetslookingforworkinalabormarketthat’stighterthanit'

employersareplanningonhiringabout17percentmorenewgraduatesforjobsinthe

arthanlast,accordingtoasurveyconductedbytheNationalAssociation

odywantstoknowhowthepeoplewhowillsoon

inhabitthoseemptyofficecubicleswilldifferfromthosewhocamebeforethem.

If"entitled"isthemostcommonadjective,fairlyornot,appliedtomillennials

(thosebornbetween1981and1995).thecatchwordsforGenerationZarepractical

ingtothecareercounselorsandexpertswhostudythem.

GenerationZsareclear-eyed,economicpragmatistsDespitegraduatingintothebest

10

economyinthepast50years,GenZsknowwhataneconomictrainwrecklookslike.

Theywereimpressionablekidsduringthecrashof2008,whenmanyoftheirparents

en'tinterestedintakinganychances.

Theboomingeconomyseemstohavedonelittletoassuagethisunderlying

generationalsenseofanxiousurgency,especiallyforthosewhohavecollegedebt.

ndatarecordSI.5trillion,accordingtothe

FederalReserve.

OnesurveyfromAccenturefoundthat88percentofgraduatingseniorsthisyear

2019surveyofUniversityofGeorgia

students,meanwhile,thecareerofficefoundthemostdesirabletraitinafuture

employerwastheabilitytooffersecureemployment(followedbyprofessional

developmentandtraining,andtheninspiringpurpose).Jobsecurityorstabilitywas

thesecondmostimportantcareergoal(work-lifebalancewasnumberone),followed

byasenseofbeingdedicatedtoacauseortofeelgoodaboutservingthegreater

good.

tionZsgraduatingcollegethisspring

ognizedfortheirabilities

avorofjoboffers

imisticaboutthelabormarket

winggrowingpublicattention

tionZsarekeenlyaware

ougheconomicsituationislike

eirparentsexpectofthem

ydifferfrompastgeneration

uableacounselor’sadviceis

d"assuage"(line9,para2)isclosetinmeaningto

e

in

11

elearnedfromParagraph3thatGenerationZs

ttleabouttheirjobperformance

pprioritytoprofessionaltraining

thardtoachievework-Lifebalance

learideaabouttheirfuturejob

enthinksthatcomparedwithmillennials,GenerationZSare____

alistic

venturous

ligent

nerous

答案：DABDB

36题：第一段‘theattentionhasbeenrisingsteadilyinrecentweek’得到公众更多

关注。

37题：在第二段‘re

impressionablekidsduringthecrashof2008,whenmanyoftheirparentslosttheir

jobsortheirlifesavingsorbot’这代人了解经济不好时候的样子，还有很多人目

睹父母失业，一辈子积蓄打水漂。

38题：上下文猜测词意。

39题：最后一段，“offersecureemployment(followedbyprofessionaldevelopment

andtraining,andtheninspiringpurpose)”.OO后追求工作稳定，然后是职业培训，

最后鼓舞人心的动机等。

40题：B

PartB

Directions:

Readthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitable

subheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraphs(41-45).Therearetwo

uranswersontheANSWER

SHEET.(10points)

[A]Givecompliments,justnottoomany.

12

[B]Putonagoodface,always.

[C]Tailoryourinteractions.

[D]Spendtimewitheveryone

[E]Reveal,don'thide,information.

[F]Slowdownandlisten.

[G]Putyourselvesinothers'shoes.

FiveWaystoWinOverEveryoneintheOffice

Isitpossibletolikeeveryoneinyouroffice?Thinkabouthowtoughitistoget

together15people,muchless50,ikein

friendships,youneedcoworkers,Youworkwiththemeverydayandyoudependon

esomewaysthatyoucangetthewhole

officeonyourside.

41._________

Ifyouhaveabonetopickwithsomeoneinyourworkplace,youmaytrystay

won'rd

BusinessSchoolstudyfoundthatobserversconsistentlyratedthosewhowerefrank

aboutthemselvesmorehighly,whilethosewhohidlosttrustworthiness,Thelessonis

notthatyoushouldmakeyourpersonallifeanopenbook,butrather,whengiventhe

optiontoofferupdetailsaboutyourselforpainstakinglyconcealthem,youshould

justbehonest.

42.________

Ju

oftenfeeltheneedtotellothershowwefeel,whetherit'saconcernaboutaproject,a

straythought,reallvalid,butyouneedtotaketimetohear

outyourcoworkers,,rushingtogetyourownideasouttherecancause

colleaguestofeelyoudon'besttoengagecoworkersin

agenuine,back-and-forthconversation,ratherthanprioritizingyourownthoughts.

43._________

It'scommontohavea"cubiclemate"

13

inadditiontothosetrustedcoworkers,youshouldexpandyourhorizonsandfindout

rlunchandcoffeebreakstomeetupwith

colleaguesyoudon'tabouttheirlivesandinterestsbeyondthe

llhelptogrowyour

internalnetwork,inadditiontobeinganicebreakintheworkday.

44._________

don'thavetobe

someone'

'overdoitorbefakeaboutitOne

studyfoundthatpeoplerespondedbesttocommentsthatshiftedfromnegativeto

positive,possiblybecauseitsuggestedtheyhadwonsomebodyover.

45._________

Thisonemaybeabitmoredifficulttopulloff,butitcangoalongwayto

erindealingwithanycoworkerwhattheyappreciatefrom

oplelikesmall

talkinameetingbeforediggingintoimportantmatters,whileotheraremore

straightforwardJokesthatworkonepersonwon',

erthepersonthatyou'redealingwithin

advanceandwhatwillgetyoutoyourdesiredoutcome.

答案：EFDAC

41题：Thelessonisnotthatyoushouldmakeyourpersonallifeanopenbook,but

rather,whengiventheoptiontoofferupdetailsaboutyourselforpainstakingly

concealthem,youshouldjustbehonest.（中心句）

42题：Thoseareallvalid,butyouneedtotaketimetohearoutyourcoworkers,

43题：Findoutabouttheirlivesandinterestsbeyondthejob.

44题：Butdon'overdoitorbefakeaboutitOnestudyfoundthatpeopleresponded

besttocommentsthatshiftedfromnegativetopositive.

45题：So,erthepersonthatyou're

dealingwithinadvanceandwhatwillgetyoutoyourdesiredoutcome.

14

Section

ions:

IIITranslation

ourtranslationon

ANSWERSHET.(15points)

It'salmostimpossibletogothroughlifewithoutexperiencingsomekindof

failure,But,thewonderfulthingaboutfailureisthatit'sentirelyuptoustodecide

howtolookatit.

Wecanchoosetoseefailureas"theendoftheworld."Or,wecanlookatfailure

imewefailatsomething.

wecanchoosetolookforthelessonwe'essonsarevery

important;they'wekeepfrommakingthatsamemistake

esstopusonlyifweletthem.

Failurecanalsoteachusthingsaboutourselvesthatwewouldneverhave

tance,failurecanhelpyoudiscoverhowstrongaperson

gatsomethingcanhelpyoudiscoveryourtruestfriends,orhelpyou

findunexpectedmotivationtosucceed.

参考答案：

人生几乎不可能不经历某种失败。但是，失败的奇妙之处在于如何看待它完全取决于我

们自己。

我们可以选择将失败视为“世界末日”。或者将失败看作是一种令人难以置信的学习经

历。每当我们在某件事上失败时，我们都可以选择去寻找我们想要学习的经验教训。这些教

训非常重要：它们涉及我们如何成长，也涉及我们如何避免再次犯同样的错误。只有我们允

许失败阻止我们，失败才会真正阻止我们。

失败也能教会我们一些我们永远不会学到的东西。例如，失败可以帮助你发现你是多么

强大的一个人。失败可以帮助你找到真正的朋友，或者帮助你找到意想不到的成功动力。

15

SectionIIIWriting

PartA

ions:

Supposeyouareplanningatourofahistoricalsiteforagroupofinternational

studentswriteanemailto

(1)tellthemaboutthesite,and

(2)givethemsometipsforthetour

PleasewriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.

Donotuseyourownname,use"LiMing"instead(10points)

参考范文：

Dearinternationalstudents,

Hello,everybody!MynameisLiMing,fall,I

wouldliketowelcomeallofyoutovisittheGreatWall,oneofthefewmostfamous

atWallwasbuiltthousandsof

tsfrom

over10,000lilongandevenbythemodernstandard,why

itisregardedasoneofthe7wondersintheworld.

notsupposedto

ise,financialpenalties

willbeenforcedonyou.

IhopethatyouwillenjoyeveryminuteofyourtripontheGreatWall.

Yourssincerely,

LiMing

16

PartB

ions:

writing,youshould

(1)interpretthechart,and

(2)giveyourcomments.

Youshouldwriteabout150wordsontheANSWERSHEET.(15points).

参考范文：

TheUseofSmartPhonesamongStudentsinthisCollege

Asthepiechartshows,studentsinthisuniversityusetheirsmartphonesfor

ingtothestatistics,58%ofthemtaketheirsmartphonesasa

r28%turntotheelectronicdevicesforusefuldataorinformation.

Stillanother12%usetheircellphonesforfunandtherest2%don’tswitchtheirsmart

phonesonforanyspecificreason.

Howshouldweaccountforthesefigures?Inthefirstplace,itisattributableto

thefastdevelopmentoftheITtechnology,whichmakesthecommunicationtool

ult,studentsusecellphonesasasourceof

econdplace,ascellphonesbecomemore

multifunctional,aconsiderablepercentageofyoungpeoplecanchatwiththeirfriends,

playgamesorwatchmoviesontheirelectronicdevices.

AsfarasIcanunderstand,smartphones,foralltheirpositiverolesinourlife

andstudy,nomeansararesight

tofindstudentsfixingtheireyesontheirsmartphonesinsteadoflisteningtotheir

d,thetoolsshouldbeusedsparingly.

17

18