As we all know, you can pass an argument to a function in emacs by pressing C-u and a digit. We also know that just C-u means "4" and C-u C-u means 16. So doing some elisp programming I noticed that C-u 4 passes 4 as you'd expect, but just C-u passes a list .. (4), which surprised me. What is the reasoning for this, and what should I know about this behavior when designing emacs functions?

As we all know, you can pass an argument to a function in emacs by pressing C-u and a digit. We also know that just C-u means "4" and C-u C-u means 16. So doing some elisp programming I noticed that C-u 4 passes 4 as you'd expect, but just C-u passes a list .. (4), which surprised me. What is the reasoning for this, and what should I know about this behavior when designing emacs functions?

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• The function can behave differently depending on the raw value of the prefix argument and its numeric value. But (4) and 4 as raw values have the value 4 as the numeric value. The function behavior can choose to behave differently for those different inputs. – Drew Commented Jan 31 at 18:44

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2 Answers 2

Sorted by: Reset to default 2

You can write an interactive function that behaves differently when called with C-u4 or with just C-u.

(defun my-function (arg) "..."
    (interactive "P")
    (pcase arg
        ('(4) ...)
        (4 ...)
        ...

what should I know about this behavior when designing emacs functions?

You should know everything that the Emacs Lisp manual explains at:

C-hig (elisp)Prefix Command Arguments