2024年5月4日发(作者：目前最先进的行车记录仪)

托福听力lecture的结构

1. Lecture有结构

托福听力的lecture基本上都是总分总的结构，即「引入话题——展开

讨论——教授总结」，下面分点论述：

1）引入话题

其实托福听力lecture里面讲课的教授就跟大家碰到过的老师一样，有

的喜欢直入主题，有的喜欢拉七杂八。总的说来，lecture话题的引入

方式有三种：

• 开门见山：啥也不扯，一言不合就开车，比如TPO1 Lecture2：Ok,

let’s get started. Great. Today I want to talk about a way in

which we are able to determine how old a piece of land, or

some other geologic feature is – dating techniques.

• 课程回顾：回顾上堂课的内容，然后再切入本堂课的内容；一般来

说本次是上次的细化或者与上次的对比。比如TPO5 Lecture2：

Last week, we covered some arguments against going back

to the Moon. But there are compelling reasons in favor of

another Moon landing too, um…not the least of which is

trying to pinpoint the moon’s age.

•

• 啰哩吧嗦：有的教授实在是特别啰嗦，比如TPO2 Lecture2：Hi,

everyone. Good to see you all today.【你也好啊】Actually, I

expected the population to be a lot lower today. It typically

runs between 50 and 60 percent on the day the research

paper is due.【来的人多不好么，说明你受欢迎啊】 Um, I was

hoping to have your exams back today【啊，要放榜啦？】,

but, uh, the situation was that I went away for the weekend,

and I was supposed to get in yesterday at five, and I

expected to fully complete all the exams by midnight or so,

which is the time that I usually go to bed, but my flight was

delayed, and I ended up not getting in until one o’clock in

the morning【你飞机晚点关我什么事啊？】. Anyway, I’ll do my

best to have them finished by the next time we meet【开始

上课吧，please】. OK. In the last class, we started talking

【终于开始了…】

不论是用哪一种引入方式，话题总是要出来的。一般都有一个核心的

话题词，这个词后面一般有一个定义或者解释。比如TPO5

Lecture3：...But, let’s talk about Spectroscopy a little now just to

cover the basics. What is Spectroscopy? Well, the simplest

definition I can give you is that Spectroscopy is the study of

the interaction between matter and light. 这个

「topic+definition/explanation」一定要听懂，最好还能在笔记上记

下关键词。（当然，也有话题词不那么明显的，这样的lecture的结构

就稍微难以整理一点。）