until用法

until用法


2024年4月3日发(作者:宏碁4745g换固态硬盘)

until 的 用法

until的用法对初学英语者而言,因为常遇和常用,所以既是重点,也是难点,下面就

对until的用法进行浅析。

●until具有介词(prep.)和连词(conj.)的双重词性,意为“直到……为止”。

当until作为介词时,后面跟名词。

He didn’t stop working until his death.

当until 作为连词时,后面引导一个时间状语从句。

He didn’t stop working until he died.

●难点1---当until作连词,引导时间状语从句。

时态根据语境不同,出现以下两种情况:

1)事情还未发生(仅表示一种打算)<>这时主句用一般将来时,until后的从句,要用

一般现在时。

There will be a wonderful match tonight. I will watch it until it finishes.

有时,在从句中还能用现在完成时代替一般将来时。

Don't get off the bus until it has stopped.

2)陈述过去发生过的事,那么主句与从句都用一般过去时。

Last night there was a wonderful match. I watched it until it finished.

有时,陈述常发生的事,那么主句与从句都用一般现在时。

In the afternoon Jack reads books until his father comes back from the

office.

●难点2---“until+某一时间点”谓语动词如果是瞬间动词,必须要用否定形式。

例如:

I will stay here until you come back. (stay是可延续动词/非瞬间动词)

In the afternoon Jack reads books until his father comes back from the

office.(同上)

Last night she didn't go to bed until 11:00.(go to bed为瞬间动词)

I won't leave here until you come back. (leave为瞬间动词)

那么,当谓语动词是个瞬间动词,却用了肯定式,呵呵,就只能用before而不能用unti

l;

before常意为“没来得及……”或“……才……”等。

例如:

He almost knocked me down before he saw me.(他差一点在看到我前就撞

倒了我)

如果喜欢用until,句子就必须把用否定形式:

He didn't knock me down until he saw me.(直到看到我了,他才撞倒我.)

附--什么叫“瞬间动词”?理论上讲完全可以望文生意,明白;但是拿些具体动词分析,

就更容易掌握了:

就拿"睡觉"---有非瞬间动词/延续性动词sleep;和瞬间动词go to bed;

比较----1)Last Friday I slept until the phone rang.

2)Last Friday I didn't go to bed until the phone rang.

再拿"离开"---有非瞬间动词/延续性动词be away;和瞬间动词leave;

比较----3)He will be away from the city until this winter comes.

4)He won't leave until this winter comes.

(上述四句的意思)

1)上星期五我一直睡到电话铃响起。

2)上星期五直到电话铃响我才去睡。

3)今冬来临前他一直离开此城市。

4)要到今冬,他才离开该城市。


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