2024年3月29日发(作者：今日的最新新闻)

（家庭、社会生活）

李仕才

导读：妈妈总是告诉我们如果我们在暗处看书会弄坏眼睛。这种说法有科学依据吗？

Some facts about vision science

Mom always told us we'd go blind if we read in the dark. Does science ①back her up? Jim Sheedy,

a doctor of vision science and director of the Vision Performance Institute at Oregon's Pacific

University, sets his sights on the truth.

Dark Matter

Turns out, our parents were wrong. “②There is no reason to believe nor evidence to support that

any long-term damage to the eyes or change in the physiology to the eyes can be caused by reading in

the dark,” Dr. Sheedy says.

That is not to say that nocturnal page-turning won't lead to discomfort or fatigue.

The lack of light will cause the pupils to dilate, ③resulting in a smaller depth of field—the

distance between the nearest and farthest object that the eye considers to be in focus. Dr. Sheedy

says the added effort to change focus and the effort to change the angle of the lines of sight between

the two eyes will likely make your eyes feel tired and your body spent. But, of course, that's often

the object of reading under the covers.

Seeing Clearly

Dr. Sheedy says he assures his students that there isn't enough evidence to argue that what you

do with your eyes leads to myopia. 'The predominant determinant of myopia is genetics.' No link to

long-term damage has ever been conclusively shown, says Dr. Sheedy. 'It's an old tale, a ploy used

by moms to get kids to go to sleep when they wanted them to,' he says.

Electronic Age

Reading on a tablet device won't damage your eyes, Dr. Sheedy says. His team has studied various

fonts, computer displays and pixel resolutions, and found the difference in effect on the eye between

reading e-ink and the printed word to be negligible.

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He adds that pixel density and screen resolution have reached the point at which the eye doesn't

know which it is seeing. So if reading a printed book in dim light is fine, so is reading a Kindle

or iPad.

Moving from Dark to Light

The eyes adapt quickly when going to the light—④emerging from a tunnel into the sun, say—but

going to the dark 'requires the regeneration of photo pigments, and that takes some time to reach full

dark-adaptation,' says Dr. Sheedy.

Adjusting to the dim light next to your bed should only take seconds. But when going from bright

light to maximum darkness, studies have shown, eye sensitivity continues to change for up to 25 minutes,

he says.

'Ever wonder why a pirate wears patches? It's not because he was wounded in a sword fight,' says

Dr. Sheedy. Seamen must constantly move between the pitch black of below decks and the bright sunshine

above.

视觉科学的一些事实

妈妈总是告诉我们如果我们在暗处看书会弄坏眼睛。这种说法有科学依据吗？俄勒冈太平洋大学视觉功能学

院所长、视觉科学医生吉姆·希迪为我们揭示真相。

暗处阅读

原来，我们的父母是错的。希迪博士说：“我们没有理由认为，也没有证据证明，在暗处阅读会造成眼睛的

长期损害，或引起眼睛的生理变化。”

但这并不意味着在夜间昏暗光线下看书不会引起不适和疲劳。

光线不足会引起瞳孔扩张，导致景深变小，即眼睛能聚焦的最近和最远的物体之间的距离变小。希迪博士说，

费力地去变焦(通通过眼睛的调节系统)和费力去地改变两眼之间的视角(通过眼睛的收缩系统)可能会使你的眼

睛和身体感到疲倦。当然，这通常是在被窝里看书的后果。

看清楚

希迪博士说他告诉他的学生现在还没有足够的证据能说明用眼习惯会导致近视。“近视的主要决定因素是遗

传。”他说并没有确凿的证据证明长期损害跟近视之间存在关联。希迪博士说：“这只是一个古老的传说，是妈妈

们希望孩子们去睡觉时常用的一个说辞。”

电子时代

希迪博士说，在平板设备上阅读文字不会伤害眼睛。他的团队对各种字体、电脑显示器和像素分辨率进行了

研究，发现阅读电子读物和印刷文字对眼睛影响的差异是可以忽略不计的。

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