2024年5月2日发(作者:)
Unit 1 Engineering Drawing
一、New Words:
Coordinate system :The basic of all input AutoCAD is the Cartesian coordinate system, and the various method of
input(absolute or relative) rely on this system.
Coordinate value : 坐标值
Cartesian coordinate axes :笛卡尔坐标轴
Perpendicularly:垂直地
Projection:投影
Orthographic projection:正投影
1.1 coordinate system
CAD = computer-aided design
Fixed: firmly in position ; stationary
Locate: vt. To determine the position of
Positive and negative :
Illustrate : to explain
Drafting : n. 制图
1.2 Types of Views
Auxiliary: 辅助视图
Detail: n. 详图;局部
Derived :取得;由来
Scaling :enlarge scale
Clarification :to make clear
Planar: tow-D drawing
Cross-section: 横截面
Datum plane: 基准面
Fig. 1-3:
Brush with spring:F带弹簧的电刷
Handle:手柄
Needle bearing:滚针轴承
Retaining ring:挡圈
Chuck spacer: 夹头衬片
Key:销
Symmetrical:对称的
Configuration::结构
1.3 Multiview drawing
engineering drawing is an abstract universal language used to represent a designer’s idea to other
Home work:
Page 9:
Exercise:
1. fill the blanks with a proper word according to the text.
二、Technical Reading
The following diagram shows what happens in a displacer type Stirling engine during one
working cycle.
A . The power piston is in its lowest and the displacer in its highest position. All the working gas is
in the cold space.
B . The displacer is still in its highest position. But the power piston has gone up and compressed
the gas in the cold space.
C . The power piston is now in its upper position and the displacer has pushed the gas through the
cooler, the regenerator, and the heating pipes into the hot space.
D . The hot gas is being expanded, and hest energy is being transformed into mechanical energy as
the displacer and the power piston are pushed down into their lowest positions. The piston will
stay there while the displacer rises and pushes the gas through the heating pipes, regenerator and
cooler into the cold space__and we are back where we started.
Words:
Diagram: 图表
Position:
位置
Stirling:
斯特林(音译)
Displacer:
置换器
Piston:
活塞
Regenerator:
蓄热器
Cooler:
冷却器
Expand
:膨胀
As:
随之
hest energy:
热能
mechanical energy:
机械能
译文:
置换器型斯特林发动机工作循环如下所示:
A. 置换器在最高位,动力活塞在最低位。所有的工作气体在冷空间;
B. 置换器不动,动力活塞上升并挤压冷空间的气体;
C. 动力活塞到达最高位,置换器下移,推动气体经过冷却器、蓄热器、和加热管进入热空间;
D. 热气膨胀,热能转变成机械能,随之动力活塞和置换器到达最低位。
动力活塞不动,置换器上升推动气体经过加热管、蓄热器和冷却器进入冷空间——回到起点。
三
、Grammar
概 论
(一)
什么是翻译?
机械工程英语翻译的困难主要存在于正确理解原文的含义和用确切的汉语文句准确表达
原文的含义两个方面。译者除必须是有较好的英语基础,较高的汉语修养,较为丰富的机械工
程专业知识外,还必须懂得翻译的理论技巧和方法。
本课将介绍翻译机械工程英语著作的基本理论知识,技巧和方法,帮助同学们提高翻译
水平和质量。
(二)
英汉两种语言的对比。
1、一般特点(翻译的习惯,语序,省略)
(1)
When a=0,Eq(14-1) shows that the pressure is Zero.
由式14-1可知,a=0时压力为零。(用when that 连接子句)
Eq—eq=equatier
方程式、等式
(2)
It frequently happens, in the case of plane stress, that the two principal stresses ơ
1
and ơ
2
have the same sign.
平面应力的两个主压力ơ
1
和ơ
2
的符号往往相同。(用介词in, of和连词and连接词(组),
用that 引主语从句)
2
、词汇现象。Phrase
英汉两种语言在词的意义搭配和词序等词汇现象上也存在着差别。
(1)
词的意义
①英语词汇和汉语词汇在词义的对应有三种不同的情况。
First, 英汉词义对等:
如:gear teeth 齿轮轮齿
stress- strain diagram 压力—应变图
bolted connection 螺栓联接
maximum bending moment 最大弯矩
②second 英汉词义部分对应,即两者在词义所概括的范围上不同,如 gear 既可专指“齿
轮”,又可泛指任何类型的“传动装置”。而 pinion 则专指“小齿轮”。
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