2024年5月8日发(作者：office2016破解版)

Proceedingsofthe

1999ASMEDesignEngineeringTechnicalConferences

September12-15,1999,LasVegas,Nevada

DETC99/DFM-8943

CONCEPTUALDESIGNFORASSEMBLY

da

1

2

GeometricandIntelligentComputingLaboratory

DepartmentofMathematicsandComputerScience

DrexelUniversity

3141ChestnutStreet

Philadelphia,PA19104

ABSTRACT

Thispaperpresentsanapproachtosupportcomputer-aided

conceptualdesignofmechatronicassembliesinacollaborative,

ribeasystem,ConceptualUn-

derstandingandPrototyping(CUP),thatallowsateamofdesign

engineers,collaboratingovertheInternet,todevelopahigh-level

structure-function-behavior(S-B-F)descriptionofanassembly

listoenable

userstonavigateintricateproductdatamanagement(PDM)and

case-baseddesignknowledge-bases,providingtheabilitytoper-

formdesignatconceptuallevelandhaveintelligentCADtools

thatcandrawondetailsfromlargerepositoriesofpreviously

archiveddesigns.

Thisworkfurthersresearcheffortsincomputersup-

portforcollaborativedesignactivities—drawingonwork

inHuman-ComputerInteraction(HCI)andComputerSup-

portedCollaborativeWork(CSCW).WeenvisionCUPto

beanetworkinterfacetonext-generationofengineering

eploying

CUPasqueryinterfacetotheNationalDesignRepository

().Thiswillenable

CADuserstointerrogatelargequantitiesoflegacydataandiden-

tifyartifactswithstructuralandfunctionalsimilarities—allowing

designerstoperformcase-basedandvariantdesign.

Address:CenterforAdvancedComputingResearch,Mailstop158-

79,rniaInstituteofTechnology,PasadenaCA

:slombey@

2

Web:/wregli;Email:

regli@.

1

Present

INTRODUCTION

Itisconservativelyestimatedthatmorethan75%ofengi-

neeringdesignactivityiscase-baseddesign(27).Anengineeror

teamofengineers,whenposedwithanewproblem,synthesize

solutionsthroughacombinationofanalogicalreasoning,expe-

rience,andsearchthroughdesigninformationarchivedinthe

corporatefilesanddescribedinproductandcomponentcatalogs.

Overthepastdecade,3DSolidModelinghasbecomeacritical

elementoftheproductrealizationprocess—leadingtosuccessive

generationsofincreasinglyrobustsoftwaretoolsfordetailedde-

signandengineeringanalysis.

Thegoalofthisresearchistodevelopnoveltechniquesand

tualDesignisthe

initialphaseofproductdevelopment,whenproductdevelopment

teams(consistingofdesignengineers,manufacturingengineers,

marketingandmanagementpersonnel)determinetheessenceof

eenoftendocumented,andshowninFig-

ure1(a),thedesignphaseoftheproductrealizationprocesshas

-

ever,asillustratedinFigure1(b),therearefewtoolstosupport

3Dconceptualdesign.

DuringConceptualDesign,teamsofdesignersmaybeginto

developanewproductbysketchingitsgeneralshapeonpaper.

This“backoftheenvelope”approachiskeyaspectofthecre-

ativethoughtprocess—oncecompleted,onehasacleareridea

ofwhatisbeingcreatedandcanproceedtodraftingorCADac-

usresearchinareassuchasconceptualdesignof

graphicaluserinterfaces(GUIs)(13;18)andcased-basedrea-

soningandcase-baseddesign(26;25;20;10;1)arerelevantto

mple,muchoftheworkincase-basedrea-

soninghasfocusedondevelopingsymbolicrepresentationsfor

engineeringknowledgeaboutfunctionandbehavior,aswellas

algorithmsforindexing,retrieving,andadaptingdesigncases

storedwiththeserepresentations.

(a)

(b)

onsmadeattheconceptualdesignphasehavegreat

impactonproductviabilityandcost(a).However,therearefewsoftware

supporttoolsforconceptualdesign(b).Figure(b)illustrateslevelofsoft-

waresupportforvariousaspectsoftheproductrealizationprocess(some

commercialtoolsarelisted).

ThispaperpresentsCUP,aWeb-based,3Dmodelingtool

ows

teamsofusers,duringtheconceptualphaseofdesign,tospec-

ifyaspatiallayoutofcomponentsandsub-assemblies;itallows

userstoestablishstructural,functional,behavioralinformation

aboutcomponentsandsub-assemblies;anditprovidesmecha-

nismsforcapturingtextualinformationaboutthedesign’sintent

anddesigners’preferences.

Thepaperisorganizedasfollows:Sectionreviewsre-

latedworkforthisproject,emphasizingrecentresultsinHuman-

ComputerInteractionandComputer-SupportedCollaborative

ndetails

ourapproachtobuildingtheCUPtool,ourdesignmethodology,

ndescribesanex-

ampleofhowCUPmaybeusedtocreateaconceptualsketchfor

,Sectionsummarizesourconclusions

andgivessomeofourplansforfutureresearch.

RELATEDWORK

COLLABORATIVEDESIGN

GrudingandPoltrock(12)notethattheexpandingscopeof

Computer-SupportedCollaborativeWork(CSCW)hasgrownto

includemulti-disciplinaryeffortsinadiversenumberoffields.

Muchoftheexistingworkoncollaborativecomputer-aidedde-

workincludeseffortsatStanford(7;16)oncollaborativeproduc-

tionmodelingandplanningusingtheResponsiveWorkbench;

andworkatUniversityofIllinoisatUrbanaChampaignonve-

eenvironments,theuseris

abletodirectlyexploreandmaneuveraroundtheobjectsinthe

environment,aswellastorelatewithotherparticipantswitha

mmersivesystemsrequire

highband-widthnetworksandconsiderableamountofcustom

graphicshardware(4;17).

Researchonobjectselectionhasincludedtheabilityofa

Bowman(2)theauthorsdescribeacombinationoftechniques

suchasthe’arm-extension’and’ray-casting’paradigmwith

ch

oncollaborativeobjectmanipulationhasalsobeenstudiedby

PangandWittenbrinkinasystemcalledCspray(22).Theau-

thorscreatedaprotocolbywhichusersmayrequest/relinquish

controlofobjects,usersmayshareorexchangeviews,andmay

usaswellonrelatedissues

suchasnetworklatencyandthreedimensionpointersinacol-

laborativespace.

Otherresearchissueshaveincludedhowtohandlemultiple

pointersinanenvironmenttomanipulateobjectsinamorein-

tuitiveandeffiikandFosberg(28)showed

thatusersusingmultiplesimultaneousinputperformbetterthan

salsotakeninconsideration

astheprototypewasdeveloped;however,duetoenvironmentre-

strictions,differentapproachesweretaken,thoughtheyrelyon

muchofthesameintuitionasmultiplepointermanipulation.