2024年5月4日发(作者:最近中文字幕mv免费视频)
从few, a few 和 the few说起
我们学英语总是受到母语的困扰,也就是母语的负迁移的影响,尤其是对初
学者来说。任何两种语言都没有完全对等的现象,因为任何一种语言的形成都是
受到本民族文化传统,生活习俗等因素的影响。即使指同一物体的同一个名词也
会因文化的不同而富于不同的民族心理和文化色彩。因此,在外语学习中,我们
要不断深层次探究语言背后的文化态度和内涵,这样才能学到地道外语。
今天我们就先从few, a few 和 the few说起。大家都知道“few” 的意思是“没几
个;很少;几乎没有”,“a few”是“有几个;一些”,可知道“the few” 的意思的并
不多了,意思是“少数几个人”。
在学习中,因为英汉思维的不同,有的初学者老是把“few” 和“a few”搞混。我们
来先看英文释义:few -- not many or hardly any people or things , 从释义中我
们可以看出"few"的词义是否定的。而a few --- a small number of things or
people.
Many people express concern, but few were willing to help. 许多人表示了关
系,但愿意帮忙的几乎很少。(说话人的潜台词是:没人愿意帮忙。而英语初学
者认为:愿意帮忙的不多,不是还有吗?似乎就等于A few were willing to help. )
Very few of the staff come from the local area. 工作人员中几乎没有当地人。
(说话人的潜台词是: 工作人员中没有当地人。 而英语初学者认为:工作人员
中还是有几个当地人的, 似乎就等于A few of the staff come from the local
area. )
再如,He has few friends here, he feels lonely. 他这里没朋友,他感觉寂寞。
There are a few eggs in the basket.篮子里有几个鸡蛋。
所以在构成反意义问句时,就要注意肯定或否定语气了,如:Fred has few story
books, has he?
just 和only 也常常和“a few ” 连用,构成短语“just only a few” 意为“仅仅几
个”。
再说,“the few” 是指“少数人”。This should not be an experience for the few. 这
不应是少数几个人的经历。
The needs of the many have been ignored --- instead, the priority has been to
bring benefits only to the few.
多数人的需要被忽视了---相反,只优先惠及了少数一部分人。
The sand ___61(covers)___ (cover) everything as far as the eye can see and
___62(the)___ few people living here never dare shut their front doors at night,
for fear of ____63(being buried )___( bury) alive by the ever-shifting dunes. (天
一大联考二) 目光所及,黄沙覆盖一切,少数生活在这里的人从不敢夜里关前门,
担心被这些移动沙丘所活埋。
little 和a little都有类似的用法,只不过它们修饰的是不可数名词,而 “few” 和
“a few” 修饰的是可数名词。
the many, the majority, the minority 和 the few 也有类似的用法,意思分别为:
“一大群人(尤指公众)”“大多数”“少数人”
This war is another example of the few sacrificing their lives of the many. 这场
战争又是一个少数人为多数人牺牲的例子。
The majority of students find it quite hard to live on the amount of money they
get. 大多数的学生都觉得很难靠他们得到的那
点钱生活。
The minority is subordinate to the majority. 少数服从多数。
另外,还有rare(ly), scarce(ly), 以及seldom 类似“few”,“little” 都具有否
定意义。
rare---not seen or found very often, or not happening very often "稀有的;罕见
的;不常发生的"
It is rare to find such an interesting group of people. 难得发现这样有趣的人。
(言下之意:找不到这样有趣的人。)
It is very rare for her to miss a day at school. 她很少有不上学的日子。(言下
之意:见不到她不上学的日子。)
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