2024年4月24日发(作者：万能wifi下载)

Q1

正确答案：C

解析：proliferation，繁殖，激增，对应increase，增加。decline，减少；extinction，

灭绝，绝种；migration，迁徙，移居。

Q2

正确答案：B

解析：定位句It was not until the Cambrian period, beginning about 600 million years

ago, that a great proliferation of macroscopic species occurred on Earth and produced

a fossil record that allows us to track the rise and fall of biodiversity，大意是直到寒

武纪大量可见物种出现在地球上并且留下了很多化石，人们才得以借此追踪生物

多样性的变化。言外之意就是在寒武纪之前，无法监测生物多样性，对应B选

项。

Q3

正确答案：B

解析：标出的句子主要有2层意思：第一层是没有任何一种生物能永远地统治，

恐龙突然的灭绝就是一个例子；第二层是在恐龙灭亡之后，哺乳动物开始发展统

治，并且种类不断增多。只有B选项的表述完整地包含了这2层意思。

Q4

正确答案：D

解析：定位到Starting about 280 million years ago, reptiles were the dominant large

animals in terrestrial environments. In popular language this was the era “when

dinosaurs ruled Earth,” when a wide variety of reptile species occupying many

ecological niches. D选项的表述中，physically dominant是对the dominant large

animals的同义改写，ecologically dominant animals是对a wide variety of reptile

species occupyig many ecological niches的同义改写。

Q5

正确答案：C

解析：定位到… Overall, about 38 percent of the families of marine animals were lost,

with percentages much higher in some groups Ammonoid mollusks went from being

very diverse and abundant to being extinct…. Among plants, the K-T boundary saw a

sharp but brief rise in the abundance of primitive vascular plants such as ferns, club

mosses, horsetails, and conifers and other gymnosperms… 注意题干中的范围

initially increased in number，虽然此处说到mollusks much higher，但是它是went

from being very diverse and abundant to being extinct，是一个动态的过程，从丰富

广泛到灭绝，题目问的是K-T boundary 时期最开始数量上增加的物种，mollusks

或许有增加的过程，但是文中并没有说是在K-T boundary时期，只是强调了其

变化过程而已。而but brief rise in the abundance of primitive vascular plants such as

ferns, club mosses…可以清楚定位答案为C。

Q6

正确答案：D

解析：定位到Nevertheless, climatic explanations for the L-T extinction are not really

challenged by the ideas that dinosaurs may have been endothermic, because even

endotherms can be affected by a significant change in the climate，这句话的逻辑是

恐龙是温血动物，温血动物也受气温变化影响，所以恐龙的灭绝是用能气候理论

解释的。even是“甚至”的意思，表示语气加强，作者的目的是为了强调气候

变化解释恐龙灭绝是一种正确的解释。

Q7

正确答案：B

解析：根据上下文推断词汇在语境中的意思。this impact generated a thick cloud of

dust that enveloped Earth, shutting out much of the incoming solar radiation(这个撞

击____了厚尘云，这个灰云包裹住了地球，挡住了很多太阳辐射)。最符合上下

文逻辑并与generated意思最接近的词是produced。generate 产生；引起。

Q8

正确答案：A

解析：extensive，广泛的，大量的；对应widespread，广泛的。sudden，突然的；

numerous，无数的；subsequent，随后的，后来的。

Q9

正确答案：D

解析：A选项对应原文Short-term effects might have included huge tidal waves and

extensive fires。B选项对应原文In other words, a series of events arising from a

single cataclysmic event caused the massive extinctions。C选项定位到They believed

that this impact generated a thick cloud of dust that enveloped Earth, shutting out

much of the incoming solar radiation and reducing plant photosynthesis to very low

levels，意思是这种冲击产生了大量的厚尘云，遮蔽了天空和阳光。D选项属于

iridium(铱)是有关恐龙灭绝的证据，而非构成灭绝的原因。

Q10

正确答案：C

解析：能证明发现高密度铱矿石(iridium)的重要性的，是科学家根据这个铱矿石

所得出的结论。定位到第4段最后一句，即科学结论的部分，Most scientists came

to accept the meteorite theory after evidence came to light that a circular formation, 180

kilometers in diameter and centered on the north coast of the Yucatan Peninsula, was

created by a meteorite impact about 65 million years ago，大意是地球表面的一个大

坑是6500万年前的陨石撞击造成的（因为陨石里才有高密度的铱），科学家认为

这次撞击就是恐龙灭绝的原因，C选项是对这个科学结论的准确概括。

Q11

正确答案：A

解析：根据题目关键词Yucatan Peninsula定位到Most scientists came to accept the

meteorite theory after evidence came to light that a circular formation, 180 kilometers

in diameter and centered on the north coast of the Yucatan Peninsula, was created by a

meteorite impact about 65 million years ago. A选项对应这句话中Yucatan Peninsula

的大坑是陨石撞击的结果。B选项与文章内容相反，原文是highest iridium

concentration；原文内容是Short-term effect might have included huge tidal waves，

这里的意思是也许是陨石撞击后也许有huge tidal waves，只是猜测，没有证据，

排除C；D选项与原文内容相反，在Yucatan Peninsula的证据是支持陨石撞击地

球理论的。

Q12

正确答案：B

解析：先定位到Initially, the meteorite theory was based on a single line of evidence,

陨石理论的提出一开始是基于一系列单一的证据，暗示了证据还不够充分。再定

位到Most scientists came to accept the meteorite theory after evidence came to light

that a circular formation, 180 kilometers in diameter and centered on the north coast

of the Yucatan Peninsula, was created by a meteorite impact about 65 million years

ago. 在环形坑证据出现之后大多数的科学家才开始接受陨石理论，可以推断出

一开始大多数科学家对该理论是不接受的，B正确。通过对第4段的理解，可将

A、C、D排除，因为Alvarez提出的陨石撞击地球假说没有经过修改，并且在陨

石坑证据发现后，被大部分科学家接受。

Q13

正确答案：依次填入第二个方框 (B)

解析：插入句的意思是“这专注于古代岩石的化学组成”，与上文联系的关键词

是this，与下文联系的关键词是the chemical composition of ancient rocks，只有[B]

下一句的At locations around the globe, …rocks that was formed about 65 million

years ago这句话讲的是chemical composition of ancient rocks，具体的组成成分是

iridium。插入句的This指代[B]前一句中的evidence。

Q14

正确答案：B E F

解析：B选项的表述主要概括了第2段的大意：地球上没有永生的统治者，恐龙

灭绝之后，哺乳动物和植物成为了新的统治者；E、F选项是对第4段大意的概

括：陨石撞击地球假说，和支持这个假说的陨石坑证据。