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达尔文英语简介

查尔斯·罗伯特·达尔文，英国生物学家，进化论的奠基人。下面是店铺为你整理的达

尔文英语简介，希望对你有用!

查尔斯·罗伯特·达尔文简介

Charles Robert Darwin, February 12, 1809 - April 19, 1882), British biologist,

founder of evolution. Has been riding the Berger ship for 5 years of global voyage,

animal and plant and geological structure, such as a large number of observation

and collection. Published the "origin of species", put forward the theory of

biological evolution, which destroyed a variety of idealistic gods and species

invariance theory. In addition to biology, his theory of anthropology, psychology,

philosophy development can not be ignored. Engels ranked "evolutionism" as one

of the three discoveries of the natural sciences of the 19th century (the other two

are the theories of cytology, conservation of energy) and have an outstanding

contribution to mankind.

On April 19, 1882, Darwin died at the village of Dawen at 73 years old and was

buried in Westminster Abbey.

查尔斯·罗伯特·达尔文科学影响

Species origin

Darwin was 51 years old, shortly after publication of the "origin of species"

Basic Information

English title: On the Origin of Species

Chinese Title: Origin of the species

Author: Darwin

Translator: Li Hu

ISBN: 9787 3022 75480

Pricing: $ 49

Published: 2012.6

Book Category: Q111.2

Selling point introduction

1, Darwin's masterpiece On the Origin of Species (1859) first edition of the first

Chinese translation. The first edition of the "origin of the species" is the most

recognized original version, because it is Darwin has not been questioned and

blame before the writings, clear thinking, concise and powerful exposition of the

original view of Darwin. Modern Western scholars to do evolutionary research and

writings, usually cited is the first edition of "species origin", basically this version

has become a "standard". Nearly a century of Chinese translation is based on the

sixth edition of the translation.

2, the book discusses breeding science, ecology, paleontology, biogeography,

animal behavior, morphology, embryology, taxonomy and many other areas of a

large number of phenomena, revealing a variety of biological relationship between

species, species Is not fixed, but through "with the modified generation of" and

change. Darwin studied the variation of biological life in domestic and natural state,

put forward the theory of evolution as the core of natural selection theory, that in

the "struggle for survival", individuals with favorable variation were chosen to be

preserved, the unfavorable individual was eliminated, After a generation of natural

environment to choose the role of adaptation to the gradual accumulation of

mutations, leading to the emergence of new species, resulting in a wonderful

variety of life forms; dwelling in the earth all the creatures, are derived from one or

several primitive types of evolution Evolved to cause biodiversity.

Translator introduction

Li Hu: Hebei Xingtai, Peking University graduate, the State Oceanic

Administration Third Marine Research Institute of Science and Technology

Information Center engineers. Engaged in marine science, biodiversity and

scientific history of the translation work. Translation of "worry days: the history of

global warming exploration (2011, Tsinghua University Press)," Evolutionary

Legend "(2010, Ocean Press) and other works.

"The origin of species"

November 24, 1859, the British naturalist, evolutionary founder Darwin's

"origin of the species" published, laid the theoretical basis of evolution.

Evolutionism was called by Engels as one of the three discoveries of the natural

sciences of the 19th century.

An epoch-making book

Which marked the profound changes in the views of the vast majority of the

learned societies in the nineteenth century on the status of the biology and human

beings in the biological world.

The classic works that affect the historical process

One of the 10 books that shook the world

A great influence on the human development process

The Classic Translation of Chinese Modern Society

1985 American "life" magazine named the best books of human history

In 1986 the French "reading" magazine recommended ideal book

November 24, 1859, in London, England, this is a very extraordinary day. On

this day, many people in London flocked to a bookstore, competing to buy a newly

published book. The first edition of the book was sold out on the day of publication.

This new book is the "origin of the species", it is the founder of the evolution

of Darwin's first masterpiece. The advent of this work for the first time on the basis

of complete science on the basis of science, with a new idea of biological evolution

to overthrow the "creation theory" and "species unchanged" theory.

The publication of the "origin of species" has caused a sensation in Europe and

the world as a whole. It fought heavily against the foundations of theocracy, from

the reactionary church to the feudal philosophers were furious, they group attack,

slander Darwin's doctrine "blaspheme the Holy Spirit", violated the "monarchical

divine justice", the loss of human dignity. In contrast, progressive scholars,

represented by Huxley, actively advocate and defend Darwinism. Evolutionary

theory has exploded people's minds, enlightened and educated people to liberate

them from the shackles of religious superstition.

Darwin's "origin of species" is very meaningful, and this book can be used as a

natural scientific basis for historical class struggle. - Marx

In 1859 became the division of science before and after the two "world"

boundaries. The publication of the "origin of species" has led to a revolution in

biology, which, like Marxism, has a great significance and far-reaching impact on

the stage of history. Darwin was away from the hustle and bustle of the big city,

and was preparing for a revolution in his quiet manor, and that Marx himself

prepared for the center of the clamor of the world, and that the difference was only

applied to the other.

- Liebknecht

Darwin's dominant idea in "the origin of species", that is, "natural choice", will

be accepted as a scientifically determined truth. It has all the features of the great

natural science truth, blurred for the clear, complex and simple, and adds a lot of

new things to the old knowledge. Darwin is the greatest revolutionist of this

century, and even of all the century's natural history.

- British botanist Watson

I think the "origin of the species" of this book is no matter how good it is, it

can touch those who know nothing about this problem. As for Darwin's theory, I

am prepared to support the fire even through fire and water.

- British naturalist Huxley

Psychology historian D. Schultz commented in 1981: "In the Darwinian theory,

the importance of the psychological factors of species evolution is obvious, and he

often cites the human and animal consciousness a result of psychology

and evolution In the sense of consistency, so psychology has to accept this

evolutionary point of view.

1809 years

Darwin's works influenced psychology from four aspects

1, it emphasizes the continuity of the psychological function between animals

and humans;

2, it changes the subject of psychology into the function of consciousness

rather than the content of consciousness, changes the goal of psychology to study

the adaptation of the organism to its environment;

3, which provides reasonable evidence for a variety of alternative surveys and

research methods, rather than confinement to experimental introspection;

4, it focuses on individual differences between members of the same species.

Darwin has a special influence on the development of functionalism. His theory

of evolution has led to the rise of the psychology of American opportunism, which

has opened a new era of American psychology.

查尔斯·罗伯特·达尔文主要著作及信件

1835-1862

1835: "Abstracts from letters to Professor Henslow"

1836: "Tahiti and New Zealand and other regions of the moral status report"

(A LETTER, Containing Remarks on the Moral State of TAHITI, NEW ZEALAND, & c.

- BY CAPT. R. FITZROY AND C. DARWIN, ESQ. OF HMS 'Beagle.')

1839: "Journal and Remarks" (Journal and Remarks), often referred to as

"Beagle trip".

"Zoology of the Voyage of H.M.S. Beagle": a total of 5 volumes, respectively, by

a number of authors published in 1839 to 1843 years. Two of them were edited

and supervised by Charles Darwin, 1840: "Part I. Fossil Mammalia", Richard Owen's

works.

1839: "Part II. Mammalia", George Robert Waterhouse.

1842: "The Structure and Distribution of Coral Reefs"

1844: "Geological Observations of Volcanic Islands" (Geological Observations

of Volcanic Islands)

1846: "Geological Observations on South America" (Geological Observations

on South America)

1849: "Geology", published in John Friedrich William Herschel, "A Manual of

scientific inquiry" (prepared for the use of Her Majesty's Navy: and Adapted for

travellers in general.

1851: A Monograph of the Sub-class Cirripedia, with Figures of all the Species.

The Lepadidae; or, Pedunculated Cirripedes.

1851: "Monroe fossil" A Monograph on the Fossil Lepadidae; or, Pedunculated

Cirripedes of Great Britain

1854: "Monograph of the Sub-class Cirripedia, with Figures of all the Species.

The Balanidae (or Sessile Cirripedes); the Verrucidae, etc.

1854: "Ceratoides and Aquaculture" A Monograph on the Fossil Balanidæ and

Verrucidæ of Great Britain.

1858: "discussing the tendency of species to form variants; and on the

Tendency of Species to form Varieties and on the Perpetuation of Varieties and

Species by Natural Means of Selection" An unpublished book.

1958: "autobiography of Charles Darwin", Barlow (Barlow) compiled by the full

version. 1859: "On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the

Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life", the complete title is "Based

on Natural Selection or Survival in Survival Competition" origin".

1862: "The various contrivances by which British and foreign orchids are

fertilised by insects".

1868-1903

1868: "Variation of Plants and Animals Under Domestication" (Variation of

Plants and Animals Under Domestication). 1871: "The Descent of Man, and

Selection in Relation to Sex", also known as "human origin".

1872: "The Expression of Emotions in Man and Animals".

1875: "Movement and Habits of Climbing Plants".

1875: Insectivorous Plants.

1876: "The effects of Cross and Self-Fertilation in the Vegetable Kingdom" (The

Effects of Cross and Self-Fertilation in the Vegetable Kingdom).

1877: "The Different Forms of Flowers on Plants of the Same Species". 1879:

Preface and a preliminary notice, in Ernst Krause's Erasmus Darwin.

1880: "The Power of Movement in Plants".

1881: "The formation of humus and the role of earthworms" (The Formation of

Vegetable Mold Through the Action of Worms), also known as "earthworms".

1887: "Life and Letters of Charles Darwin", written by Francis Darwin.

1903: "More Letters of Charles Darwin", compiled by A.C. Seward and Francis

Darwin.

Often quotes the human and animal consciousness. Because psychology is

consistent with the consciousness of evolution, psychology has to accept this

evolutionary view. "

1809 years

Darwin's works influenced psychology from four aspects

1, it emphasizes the continuity of the psychological function between animals

and humans;

2, it changes the subject of psychology into the function of consciousness

rather than the content of consciousness, changes the goal of psychology to study

the adaptation of the organism to its environment;

3, which provides reasonable evidence for a variety of alternative surveys and

research methods, rather than confinement to experimental introspection;

4, it focuses on individual differences between members of the same species.

Darwin has a special influence on the development of functionalism. His theory

of evolution has led to the rise of the psychology of American opportunism, which

has opened a new era of American psychology.