2024年4月13日发(作者：电脑开不了机怎么办?)

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Embracing a new chapter of

standardization

reform and innovation

标准化改革创新迎来新局面

The National Standardization Development Outline has been implemented for a year. What

breakthroughs or innovation have been made in the national standardization work?

Li Zhiping: Since the Outline came into effect, I have witnessed the booming standardization

reform and innovation in China. It opens a new chapter with the following changes.

First, it promotes standardization work towards a new height. The Outline is the first programmatic

document on standardization in China. It not only underlines the importance of standards in

basic national institution, but also specifies for the first time the fundamental and guiding role of

standardization in advancing the modernization of China’s system and capacity for governance.

To put the Outline in place, 10 ministries and commissions have issued the Plan for Establishing

a National Standards System for High-quality Development in the 14th Five-Year Plan Period (2021-2025),

and 16 national departments have issued the Action Plan for Implementing the National Standardization

Development Outline. Besides, nearly 20 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities have

formulated supporting policies, and some centrally administered state-owned enterprises have

introduced specific measures.

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In general, standardization has transformed from highly professional technical work to a basic

undertaking with long-term effect covering a wide range of areas, which serves as a common tool

and an important step for governments at various levels to pursue high-quality economic and social

development.

Second, it leads the standardization undertaking into a new phase. Since the reform and opening-

up in 1978, especially the 18th CPC National Congress in 2012, the standardization work in China has

entered a period of rapid development with the support of national policies and laws. For example,

the Plan for Deepening Standardization Work Reform was released by the State Council in 2015, the

revised Standardization Law of China was approved by the Standing Committee of the 12th National

People’s Congress in 2017, and the Outline was released by the CPC Central Committee and the State

Council in 2021.

To be specific, the Plan aims to address problems of the system and mechanism restraining

standardization development, the Law crystallizes the outcomes of standardization reform, and the

Outline describes the future of standardization development. If the Plan is regarded as the basis and

the Law as the inheritance, the Outline is more about innovation.

On the basis of the outcomes of the “China Standards 2035” research project undertaken by

Chinese Academy of Engineering, the Outline puts forward a series of new ideas, measures and paths.

With the implementation of the Outline, all walks of life, in particular enterprises and consumers,

have a more scientific, objective, reasonable and comprehensive understanding about standards and

standardization.

For instance, in terms of the positioning of standards at various levels, the tier of a standard

is related to its applicable scope rather than technical level. National and international standards

are no longer considered as the highest tier, and the roles of enterprise and association standards

in facilitating innovation and expanding market are highly valued. In terms of the areas where

standardization plays a role, apart from traditional industries, standardization has expanded

continuously to social undertakings and even all sectors, and become an important means for the

governance of corporate, government and society.

Also, in terms of the ideas of standardization development, people have shifted the focus from

the growing number and scale of standards to the practical effect of standardization and the benefits

it brings. This demonstrates that the Outline has brought new vigor, and ushered in a new period of

standardization development.

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Third, it reinforces a new trend of standardization development. The Outline is rich in content,

covering every aspect of standardization from development ideas, goals, tasks, main areas to

mechanism innovation. It is considered as a policy portfolio supporting the standardization

development. After one year’s practice, the measures put forward by the Outline have been put in

place to different degree with increasingly remarkable effect.

The development of standardization also shows some new trends. The first is the dualization of

standards system structure. The roles of both government-released standards and market-oriented

standards are highlighted in the construction of standards systems in various aspects, making the

dualization of standards system a social consensus.

The second is the digitalization of standardization process and content. To respond to the

development needs of digitalized industries and industrial digitalization, the digitalization of

standards emerges, which has become the topic of most concern in both national and international

standardization. It has been developing rapidly towards the digitalization of standards development &

revision process and standards content.

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The third is greenness of standardization development ideas. With the unremitting efforts on

carbon peak and neutrality goals, green and low-carbon development has gradually become a priority,

which penetrates into the whole process of standardization.

Besides, another impressive aspect is the thriving standardization education. It is known that

talent is the primary resource, so talent cultivation is a top priority for long-term standardization

development.

For example, the Belt and Road University Alliance for Standardization Education and Academics

(B&RUAS), launched by China Jiliang University and several other domestic and foreign universities,

has attracted 118 universities from 35 countries as its members and held several forums on

standardization education and research cooperation. The Quality and Standards Academy of Shenzhen

Technology University has been approved for the establishment of the national standardization

working group on standardization education, which has organized the first national training program

on capability improvement of standardization education.

Hubei Administration for Market Regulation has provided a training session for standardization

education teachers in local universities. Dali University has also established the Standardization

Academy, and the major of standardization engineering at Qingdao University has been rated as A+

level among all soft science majors in domestic universities.

We are delighted to see that more universities join the ranks of cultivating professional

standardization talents. The requirements of the Outline, “bringing standardization in higher,

vocational and further education and carrying out pilot program for integrating majors and

standardization education” has gradually become a reality. The booming standardization education

enables us to expect a bright future of standardization, and we are full of confidence in the

standardization undertaking in China.

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The Outline, Action Plan and other local policies constitute the overall

layout of standardization policies in China. Which problems urgently need to

be solved, or which aspects need to be focused on in the implementation of

the Outline?

The Outline puts forward measures for promoting the innovative

development of standardization. However, to exert the guiding role of the

Outline, the key is to put it in place. At present, all regions and departments

strengthen the publicity and implementation of the Outline with supporting

policies. However, since the implementation is still at an initial stage, I think

there are two aspects need more attention at present and future stages.

First, putting projects and actions in place. The Outline, keeping a

foothold in national strategic demands and better meeting people’s

aspiration to live a better life, puts forward seven projects and five actions

covering high-end equipment manufacturing and new infrastructure. These

are top priorities, which are also essential for establishing the standards

system for high-quality development.

The projects and actions have been clearly assigned, but the plans for

implementing each project and action should be made as soon as possible.

Concerted efforts are needed to orderly facilitate the establishment of the

standards system for high-quality development in key industries and fields,

contributing to high-tech innovation, high-level openness and high-quality

development with higher standards.

Second, improving the standards supply structure. Optimizing the dual

structure of government-released standards and market-oriented standards is

a key measure of reform and innovation in the Outline. It is not only about the

change of name from “government-led standards” to “government-released

standards”, but more about the major adjustment of government’s positioning in

standardization. The Outline specially puts forward “simultaneously advancing

the reform of voluntary national standards, sectoral standards and local

standards”. This is a crucial move to optimize the dual structure of standards,

which needs to form an overall program to constantly improve government-

released standards based on the pilot work in some fields and regions.

In terms of market-oriented standards, governments at all levels need

to further integrate their roles with functional transformation, attaching

greater importance to the application of standards, and creating a fair and

just policy environment for market entities to carry out standardization

activities.

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To improve the openness level of standardization, the Outline makes a series of arrangement

on further strengthening the international communication and cooperation of standardization, and

improving the international level of standards. Which measures need to be taken in this aspect?

Improving the international level of standards, transforming standardization from the

domestically driven mode to both domestically and internationally facilitated one, and

significantly raising the openness level of standardization are the main objectives and tasks

of the Outline. In this aspect, China has made great efforts and progresses in international

standardization over the past years.

For instance, the International Standardization Conference Base in Hangzhou, IEC

International Standards Center in Nanjing, International Standardization Training Bases in

Qingdao and Hangzhou, and International Standardization Talent Training Base in Shenzhen

have been successively established. Qingdao Forum on International Standardization,

International Workshop on Standardization Strategy, and International Summit on Standards

have been successively held as well in recent years.

However, there is still a big gap between China and developed countries and regions such as

the U.S. and EU in terms of the contribution to international standardization. At present, China

faces new opportunities and challenges on international standardization activities. More needs

to be done to further improve the openness level of standardization. I think it is fundamentally

important to enhance mechanism innovation and take the institutional advantages of the whole

country to participate in international standardization activities.

For example, the priorities of standards internationalization should be included in diplomatic

and foreign trade consultation mechanism on a regular basis, making standardization better

serve opening-up policies. Topics or sub-forums on standardization should be included in major

events such as Belt and Road Forum on International Cooperation, China International Import

Expo, and Zhongguancun Forum. This will help share the best practices of China to a larger

extent, reach more consensuses on international standardization, facilitate the compatibility of

domestic and foreign standards systems, and create a balanced situation of the contribution to

international standardization and the strengths in super-scale markets.

In addition to further improving regional standardization research centers, a batch of

international standardization research centers or innovation bases should be established

in important fields, better exerting the role of industries and regions in international

standardization.

Young professionals are the future of international standardization. We need to support

more universities to cultivate international standardization talents, make the best use of

platforms and resources, and attract more young professionals to get involved in international

standardization work.

(Chinese version collated by Yuan Wenjing; Edited and translated by Jin Jili)

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