2024年3月30日发(作者：官网win10免费的吗)

Appetite 欲望

（Laurie Lee）劳里 李

翻译 秦勤

评论 侯国金

One of the major pleasures in life is appetite, and one of our major duties should be to preserve it.

生活的一大乐趣就是有个好胃口[h1] ，所以我们的一大任务就是要保持这种好的胃口。 Appetite is the

keenness of living; it is one of the senses that tells you that you are still curious to exist, that you still

have an edge on your longings and want to bite into the world and taste its multitudinous flavors and

juices. 其实，胃口是种对生活的热切的渴望；胃口也是一种感觉，它让你知道你仍渴望活下去，你还有许多未

能实现的渴望，因此你还想继续活在这个世界上，并且张大嘴巴去品尝世界美味。

By appetite, of course, I don’t mean just the lust for food, but any condition of unsatisfied desire,

any burning in the blood that proves you want more than you’ve got, and that you haven’t yet

used up your life.当然，所谓胃口，我不仅仅是指对食物的渴望，还包括任何不满足的渴望的情形，任何骨子

里透出的对未拥有的事物的渴望，因为你还没有尽情地享受你的人生。 Wilde said he felt sorry for those who

never got their heart’s desire, but sorrier still for those who did.王尔德说他对那些未能得到满足的人而

感到遗憾，但是为那些已经心满意足的人更加感到悲哀。 I got mine once only, and it nearly killed me, and

I’ve always preferred wanting to having since.我曾一度满足过，可那种满足几乎将我害死，所以从那以后

我一直都让自己心存渴求。

For appetite, to me, is this state of wanting, which keeps one’s expectations alive. 欲望对我来说，

是一种心怀渴求的心态，它使得希望永存。I remember learning the lesson long ago as a child, when treats

and orgies were few, and when I discovered that the greatest pitch of happiness was not in actually

eating a toffee but in gazing at it beforehand. 还记得，还在孩提时代，我就懂得这一道理了。那时人们之

间的款待和纵情享乐的机会都不多。我发现最大的幸福不在于吃泰妃糖，而是在于吃之前注视它的时候。True,

the first bite was delicious, but once the toffee was gone one was left with nothing, neither toffee nor

lust.说实在的，咬下第一口真是美味，可是一旦糖吃完了，就什么也没有了，糖没了，欲望也没有了。 [h2] Besides,

the whole toffeeness of toffees was imperceptibly diminished by the gross act of having eaten it.此外，

泰妃糖的美味就在一口一口的咀嚼[h3] 中悄悄地消逝了。 No, the best was in wanting it, in sitting and

looking at it, when one tasted an inexhaustible treasure-house of flavors.不，最棒的就是在渴望得到一颗

泰妃糖的时候，在坐在[h4] 那里看着它的时候，那种爽劲儿就像是在美食宝库中品尝无尽的美食一样。

So, for me, one of the keenest pleasures of appetite remains in the wanting, not the satisfaction.

所以，对我来说，欲望的最大乐趣就在于渴求而非满足。In wanting a peach, or a whisky, or a particular

texture or sound, or to be with a particular friend. 想吃个桃子，喝杯威士忌，渴望某种质感、某个声音或

是与某个朋友在一起。For in this condition, of course, I know that the object of desire is always at its

most flawlessly perfect.在这些情况下，我知道欲望的对象往往是在于它的完美无瑕。 Which is why I would

carry the preservation of appetite to the extent of deliberate fasting, simply because I think that

appetite is too good to lose, too precious to be bludgeoned into insensibility by satiation and

over-doing it.所以我宁愿通过故意禁食来保持我的好胃口。很简单，因为我认为好胃口来之不易，弥足珍贵，

要是因为满足和过分占有而让人不再以之为贵是很可惜的。

For that matter, I don’t really want three square meals a day—I want one huge, delicious,

orgiastic, table-groaning blow-out, say every four days, and then not be too sure where the next one

is coming from.因此，我并不渴望一天三顿的规律生活，倒是愿意每四天来一顿饕餮盛宴[h5] ，而下一顿从何

而来却不得而知。 A day of fasting is not for me just a puritanical device for denying oneself a pleasure,

but rather a way of anticipating a rare moment of supreme indulgence.一天的禁食对于我来说并非像被

剥夺的快乐，而是在期待更多纵情享乐的机会。

Fasting is an act of homage to the majesty of appetite. 禁欲是对欲望的神圣的一种膜拜。So I think

we should arrange to give up our pleasures regularly—our food, our friends, our lovers—in order to

preserve their intensity, and the moment of coming back to them.所以，我认为我们应该安排不时地放弃

一些享乐之事—食物，朋友，爱人，这样的话我们才能保持我们对他们的浓烈感情，才能保留与他们重聚的那

一刻。 For this is the moment that renews and refreshes both oneself and the thing one loves.因为，

这一刻让我们自己和我们钟情之物都焕然一新，充满新鲜感。 Sailors and travelers enjoyed this once, and so

did hunters, I suppose.我想不管是水手，游客还是猎人都曾有过这种体会。 Part of the weariness of

modern life may be that we live too much on top of each other, and are entertained and fed too

regularly.或许现代生活的一部分令人厌倦之处就在于我们的生活太接近彼此了，我们的娱乐，我们的饮食都太

有规律了。 Once we were separated by hunger both from our food and families, and then we learned

to value both.以前，我们因为饥饿而和食物、家人分开，于是我们学会了珍惜它们。 The men went off hunting,

and the dogs went with them; the women and children waved goodbye.从前，男人们带着狗出门打猎，

女人们和孩子们和他们挥手道别。 The cave was empty of men for days on end; nobody ate, or knew

what to do.好多天来，男人们都不曾回来，妇孺们既没有吃的也不知道该做什么。 The women crouched by

the fire, the wet smoke in their eyes; the children wailed; everybody was hungry.女人们蹲在篝火边，看

着潮湿的烟[h6] ，孩子们哭闹着，大家都很饿。 Then one night there were shouts and the barking of dogs

from the hills, and the men came back loaded with meat. 终于有一天，山上传来了喊声和狗叫声，男人们

终于满载着猎物回来了。This was the great reunion, and everybody gorged themselves silly, and

appetite came into its own; the long-awaited meal became a feast to remember and an almost sacred

celebration of life.这就是盛大的团聚，大家都贪婪地吃着食物，这时胃口大行其道。而这次期待以久的大餐就

成了一顿难忘的盛宴甚至可以说是生命的一次庄严的庆典。 Now we go off to the office and come home in

the evenings to cheap chicken and frozen peas. 现在，我们傍晚下班回家就是吃廉价的鸡肉和冷冻四季豆。

Very nice, but too much of it, too easy and regular, served up without effort or wanting.很不错，可是

太多，太容易，也太有规律，不努力不渴望也能吃到。 We eat, we are lucky, our faces are shining with fat,

but we don’t know the pleasure of being hungry any more.我们是幸运的，因为我们能吃，我们的脸上

还闪耀着脂肪的光芒，可是我们却不再知道饥饿的乐趣所在。

Too much of anything—too much music, entertainment, happy snacks, or time spent with one’s

friends—creates a kind of impotence of living by which one can no longer hear, or taste, or see, or love,

or remember.任何一样东西—-音乐、娱乐、零食、与朋友在一起的时光---若是太多，就会形成一种无趣的生

活，这种生活中，人们再也不能去听，去品尝，去看，去爱，去记忆。Life is short and precious, and appetite

is one of its guardians, and loss of appetite is a sort of death.生命是如此短暂如此珍贵，而欲望就是它的

一名守护者，失去欲望生命就近乎死亡。 So if we are to enjoy this short life we should respect the divinity

of appetite, and keep it eager and not to much blunted.因此，如果我们想要享受我们短暂的一生，我们就

应该尊重欲望的神圣，让它保持热切程度不被磨钝。

It is a long time now since I knew that acute moment of bliss that comes from putting parched lips

to a cup of cold water. 很早前我就知道，当干裂的嘴唇触碰倒一杯冰水时，就会有种极其幸福的感觉。[h7] The

springs are still there to be enjoyed—all one needs is the original thirst.现在，清泉犹在，只要发现内心

的渴望就能一品清泉的甘甜[h8] 。

[h1]这与题目不同，不知下文如何，我很担心。

[h2]这句的翻译胜过我们班的任何他人。

[h3]人家没说一口一口。你的是慢慢的过程哟。

[h4]？

[h5]跟一个同学的翻译一样！你没看她的吧？

[h6]看看王兰兰等的译法。

[h7]看我对小虎和兰兰的译法的评论吧。你的不是最差。

[h8]末尾很好。整体上很好。比一般人译得好。祝贺！今晚饿一顿吧。87分！猴哥，2007年12月15日

星期六

论“欲”

原著：（英）劳里•李（1914—1997）

首发地址：/ArticleMod ... JUfNOKzJ2GJJNQmTgIi

欲之所尽，乃人生一大快事。欲之所存，乃人生一大追求。欲为何物？对生活的热诚，对万物的好奇以及

渴望的热切。心中所想的是“吃”遍天下，尝尽世间的酸甜苦辣、人生百味。

欲者，并非专指食欲，而乃渴望而不及之状态，以及那证明你永不满足、活力依旧的满腔热血。王尔德曾

言：梦不圆者我同情之，圆梦者我愈加同情之。圆梦对我来说只有一次，却也差点要了我的命。之后的我，更

喜向往而非拥有。

在我心里，欲即“向往进行时”——无时无刻不充满期待。这点我很早就意识到了。孩提时代没什么乐子，

要说最大的乐子，莫过于眼睛骨碌碌地盯着太妃糖吞口水，而不动嘴咬一口。要是咬了，当然第一口回味无穷，

然而几口过后，不单糖没有了，味儿也荡然无存。况且，不知不觉中，太妃糖独特的“太妃味”也被舌头、牙

齿悄悄赶跑了。所以不如倚身而坐，痴痴观之，切切盼之，用心享受那无穷无尽的珍奇百味。

于是在我看来，欲之极乐最见于向往之时，而非心随所愿之刻。一只蜜桃，一盏浊酒，一匹好布，一曲销

魂，一友相伴，此等种种，向往便是极乐。因我深知：向往之时，心中之人、之物总是处于完美无瑕的最高境

界。正是因为此等向往，我甚至可以不吃不喝，以存食欲。只因欲之极乐，唯恐失去；欲之不易，唯恐纵欲饱

食而失其敏锐。

这样一来，我所向往的便不是一日三餐都大鱼大肉，而是每隔几天，比如四天，备好一大桌美味佳肴，尽

享狂欢之乐，听那满载美食的桌子吱嘎吱嘎的欢唱。敢问佳肴何时再来，把酒问青天。对我而言，禁食一天远

非清教式的节欲，而是通向不可多得的极乐世界的阶梯。

禁欲乃是为了尊重欲望之庄严。因此，无论是对于佳肴美食，三朋四友，或是花前月下，我们都可以每隔

一段时间，有意地节制其中之乐，以确保乐之强烈，留住重获极乐的时刻。唯有此时此刻，我们全身上下才焕

然一新，我们心爱之人才光彩照人，我们心怡之物才令人耳目一新。此等快感，我想那些水手、旅客和猎人定

深有体会。世人也许都看腻了彼此面孔，吃腻了山珍海味，所以充满着倦意。而一旦忍饥挨饿，背井离乡，他

们才懂得珍惜，珍惜桌上的美食，家中的亲人。想想原始时代，男人们时常挥手告别女人和孩子，带上猎狗外

出狩猎。接连数日男人不归，洞中的家人忍饥挨饿，不知所措。只见女人蜷缩在火堆旁，烟雾浸湿双眼；又闻

孩子饿得哭个不停，人人肚子饿得直叫。直到某天晚上，他们听见山里有人在呼喊、狗在嚎叫。男人们回来啦！

有肉吃啦！这顿饭成了一顿丰盛的团圆饭，饥饿让他们胃口大开，大家狼吞虎咽，不可理喻。这顿饭仿佛等了

好几个世纪，如此丰盛，刻骨铭心，几乎成了生活的神圣庆典。但是现在的人们，白天上班，晚上回家，吃的

却是廉价鸡肉和冷冻青豆之类的东西。这些菜固然美味，但做法简单，轻而易举即可上桌，经常食用，食欲消

失殆尽。我们非常幸运，顿顿饱餐，油光满面。但是我们再也体会不到饥肠辘辘时的乐趣了。

凡事多不得——音乐欣赏多了，娱乐享受多了，零食享用多了，或是与朋友相处久了，人就会变得对生活

力不从心，再也无法聆听世间美妙的声音，无法品尝人间百味，无法饱览天下美景，无法经历花前月下，无法

留住片片回忆。人生在世，短短数十年；生命可贵，需欲望之神将其守护。欲在人在，欲亡人亡。生命诚短暂，

我们仍可乐在其中，只要我们将欲望之神供奉，让欲望之火熊熊燃烧，永不熄灭。

很早以前我就懂得，当我们干裂的双唇触碰到冰凉的甘泉，都按捺不住心中的狂喜。甘泉还是甘泉，等待

着人们的品尝——而人类所需要的正是那种原始的饥渴，原始的欲望。

1. In what special sense does the author use the word “appetite”?

2. What leads the author to say “I’ve always preferred wanting to having since”?

3. According to the author, why is modern life full of weariness?

4. Why doe the author hold that loss of appetite is a sort of death?

5. What is the author’s thesis?

6. Making specific reference to the text, say what methods the author uses to define “appetite”.