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英语学习资料：文化差异：权威Authority

In many countries , authority is seldom , if ever, questioned ,

either because it is highly respected , or because it is feared .

Sometimes , too, Because rank has been important in certain

societies for a long time, people have been trained never to

question those in authority .. For example , children are not

expected to question their teachers in school .It may be

considered improper for young busines *** en to suggest ideas

that differ from those of older, more experienced members of the

business.

In other countries, including America, children are trained to

question and search for answers . When a child asks a question,

he will often be told to go to the library and find the answer for

himself. By the time students reach the age of 14 or 15, they may

be developing exciting new ideas in all fields of science and the

arts . To encourage such creativity [1] , there are many national

prizes offered to students , every year for their scientific

discoveries and artistic acplishments.

This interest in questioning and searching may be considered

by some people as bad for young people's manners , that young

people lack respect for authority . This impression may be created

when visitors notice young Americans asking questions and

arguing with older people . However , this is because many

Americans have a different attitude toward authority than may

exist in other areas of the world . In a work or business situation,

ideas are freely and openly discussed and argued. It is important

to remember tat it is the person's ideas that are being questioned,

not the individual himself.. The two are quite separate. The

purpose of the searching , questioning , and arguing is to find

the facts in a particular situation, and therefore a solution, so that

the work of the business can progress in the most effective

manner possible.

As was mentioned earlier, you may notice the some

questioning in social conversations . Although some individuals

may think that Americans are rude because of their direct manner

with people, they are merely trying to learn more about your

ideas.

[1] creativity n. 创造力, 创造

Excerpted from " A Guide to U.S.A. ", edited by Li Yang, Li

Yi, published by Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press.