2024年5月11日发(作者：)

英语阅读(一)自考题-26

(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)

一、{{B}}第一部分 选择题{{/B}}(总题数：0，分数：0.00)

二、{{B}}Ⅰ.CAREFUL READING{{/B}}(总题数：1，分数：10.00)

We mustn't delay any longer.., swallowing is difficult.., and breathing,

that's also difficult. Those muscles are we mustn't delay

any longer.

These were the words of Dutchman Cees Van Wendel de Joode asking his doctor

to help him die. Affected with a serious disease, Van Wendel was no longer

able to speak clearly and he knew there was no hope of recovery and that

his condition was rapidly deteriorating.

Van Wendel's last three months of life before being given a final, lethal

injection by his doctor were filmed and first shown on television last

year in the Netherlands. The programme has since been bought by 20

countries and each time it is shown, it starts a nationwide debate on the

subject.

The Netherlands is the only country in Europe which permits euthanasia,

although it is not technically legal there. However, doctors who carry

out euthanasia under strict guidelines introduced by the Dutch Parliament

two years ago are usually not prosecuted. The guidelines demand that the

patient is experiencing extreme suffering, that there is no chance of a

cure, and that the patient has made repeated requests for euthanasia. In

addition to this, a second doctor, must confirm that these criteria have

been met and the death must be reported to the police department.

Should doctors be allowed to take the lives of others? Dr. Wilfred Van

Oijen, Cees Van Wendel's doctor, explains how he looks at the question:

Well, it's not as if I'm planning to murder a crowd of people with a

machine gun. In that case, killing is the worst thing I can imagine. But

that's entirely different from my work as a doctor. I care for people and

I try to ensure that they don't suffer too much. That's a very different

thing.

Many people, though, are totally against the practice of euthanasia. Dr.

Andrew Ferguson, Chairman of the Organisation Healthcare Opposed to

Euthanasia, says that in the vast majority of euthanasia cases, what the

patient is actually asking for is something else. They may want a health

professional to open up communication for them with their loved ones or

family there's nearly always another question behind the question.

Britain also has a strong tradition of hospices-special hospitals which

care only for the dying and their special needs. Cicely Saunders,

President of the National Hospice Council and a founder member of the

hospice movement, argues that euthanasia doesn't take into account that

there are ways of caring for the dying. She is also concerned that allowing

euthanasia would undermine the need for care and consideration of a wide

range of people; It's very easy in society now for the elderly, the

disabled and the dependent to feel that they are burdens, and therefore

that they ought to opt out. I think that anything that legally allows the

shortening of life does make those people more vulnerable.

Many find this prohibition of an individual's right to die paternalistic.

Although they agree that life is important and should be respected, they

feel that the quality of life should not be ignored. Dr. van Oijen believes

that people have the fundamental right to choose for themselves if they

want to die: What those people who oppose euthanasia are telling me is

that dying people haven't the right. And that when people are very ill,

we are all afraid of their death. But there are situations where death

is a friend. And in those cases, why not?

But why not? is a question which might cause strong emotion. The film

showing Cees van Wendel's death was both moving and sensitive. His doctor

was clearly a family friend; his wife had only her husband's interests

at heart. Some, however, would argue that it would be dangerous to use

this particular example to support the case for euthanasia. Not all

patients would receive such a high level of individual care and attention.

（分数：10.00）

(1).What does euthanasia mean?





A. A way of killing oneself.



B. A way of ending a patient's life naturally.



C. The painless killing of people who are incurably ill or very old.



D. A murder by the doctor.

（分数：2.00）

A.

B.

C. √

D.

解析：[解析] 细节理解题。题干中的euthanasia一词指“安乐死”。

(2).How many countries in Europe permit euthanasia?





A. All countries except Holland.



B. Only two.



C. None.



D. Only one.

（分数：2.00）

A.

B.

C.

D. √

解析：[解析] 判断题。文章第四段的第一句话中说道：The Netherlands is the only country in Europe

which 。荷兰是欧洲允许使用安乐死的唯一一个国家。

(3).When euthanasia is carried out in the Netherlands, the doctor ______.





A. can do it according to his own experience



B. should follow the guidelines presented by the Parliament



C. can do it according to patients' requests



D. can adopt the advice of the patients' family members

（分数：2.00）

A.

B. √

C.

D.

解析：[解析] 细节理解题。文章第四段的第二句话中说道：However, doctors who carry out euthanasia

under strict guidelines introduced by the 实施安乐死的医生必须严格遵守荷兰议会对此作

出的规定。

(4).Who is against euthanasia?





A. Dr. Wilfred van Oijen.



B. Dr. Andrew Ferguson.



C. Cicely Saunders.



D. Both B and C.

（分数：2.00）

A.

B.

C.

D. √

解析：[解析] 判断题。文章第七、八段中很清楚地提到Dr. Andrew Ferguson与Cicely Saunders反对安乐死。

(5).According to those who oppose euthanasia, Cees van Wendel's case ______.





A. is a good example



B. is a very valuable example



C. is an exceptional example



D. is a convincing example

（分数：2.00）

A.

B.

C. √

D.

解析：[解析] 推理题。文章最后一段中提到，讲述Cees Van Wendel去世过程的这部电影的确让人很感动，也很敏感。

他的医生很显然是这个家庭的一位朋友，他的妻子心里也只有她的丈夫。然而，使用这个特殊的例子来支持安乐死的实

施是很危险的一件事情。可见，文中的这个事例只是个特殊的事例。

三、{{B}}第二部分 非选择题{{/B}}(总题数：0，分数：0.00)

四、{{B}}Ⅱ.DISCOURSE CLOZE{{/B}}(总题数：1，分数：10.00)

English is now the international language for airline pilots, scientists,

medical experts, businessmen and many others. Consequently, more and more

people are learning it. The BBC's English teaching programs are broadcast

daily to four continents {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Films and video are

on the air or used in institutions in over 100 countries. All this helps

to add more speakers to the estimated 100 million {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}}

{{/U}}. The rush to learn English has reached even China. The main reason

for the upsurge (上升) in interest is {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}.

Unlike many other widely used languages, English can be correctly used

in a very simple form with less than one thousand words and {{U}} {{U}}

4 {{/U}} {{/U}}. This was pointed out in the 1920's by two Cambridge

scholars, Ogden and Richards, {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Another reason

for the popularity of English is that English-speaking countries are

spread throughout the world. An estimated 310 million people in Britain,

the U.S.A., Canada, Australia, South Africa, etc. {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}}

{{/U}}. Also in former British colonial areas in Africa and Asia {{U}}

{{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}, no common language has been found which would make

a suitable substitute for English.

In Delhi, although nationalists would prefer to phase out (逐步停止) the

use of English, the man from South India finds English more acceptable

than Hindi, {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Turning from India to Africa,

a similar problem exists. However reluctant African nations are to use

English and, as it were, subject themselves to a kind of cultural

imperialism, there seems to be no alternative language which will do the

job of communication effectively.

The view {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Some teachers who have returned from

overseas consider it creates a wider gap between those who are educated

{{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Nevertheless, in many parts of the world,

the technical and scientific knowledge needed to develop a

country's-resources and improve people's living conditions, is just not

available in the mother tongue. A second language opens the door to the

world-wide sharing of skills and discoveries in science, engineering and

medicine.

A. and supplied to radio stations in 120 countries

B. very few grammatical rules

C. who use English as a second language

D. recent increase in China's contacts with the outside world

E. use English as their mother tongue

F. who devised a system called Basic English

G. while the northerner prefers English to any of the southern languages

H. where many local languages are spoken

I. that spreading the use of English is entirely beneficial has its

opponents

J. English in one form or another will be spoken by far more people

K. and those who have little or no education

L. it will doubtless continue to change and develop

（分数：10.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：A）

解析：

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：C）

解析：

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：D）

解析：

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：B）

解析：

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：F）

解析：

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：E）

解析：

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：H）

解析：

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：G）

解析：

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：I）

解析：

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：K）

解析：

五、{{B}}Ⅲ.WORD FORMATIONS{{/B}}(总题数：13，分数：25.00)

1.(simple) With their increasing power and versatility, computers 1 day-to-day life.

（分数：1.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：simplify）

解析：[解析] 根据题干可知主语computers后面需要填入谓语动词，因此要用形容词simple的动词形式 使……简化，

题意为。随着电脑功能的强大和普及，我们的日常生活越来越简化”。simplify

2.(remarkable) In recent years the Chinese labour market has been 1 successful in absorbing the

increase in the number of graduates.

（分数：2.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：remarkably）

解析：[解析] 译文：这些年，中国劳动力市场在吸引(大量)毕业生方面已经取得显著成功。文中形容词successful做

表语，英语中形容词常用副词修饰。remarkable这个形容词的副词形式是在其后加-ly。

3.(memory) They listen to stories, 1 nursery rhymes, read picture books and gain other experiences

that prepare them to read.

（分数：2.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：memorize）

解析：[解析] 根据题干可知，并列连词and前后的形式一致，所以空白处应填入动词原形，名词memory记忆的动词形

式是memorize。

4.(familiar) The goal of the experiment was to 1 the people with the new laws.

（分数：2.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：familiarize(或familiarise)）

解析：[解析] 译文：实验的目的是使人们熟悉新法律。familiar是形容词，意为“熟悉的”，加上后缀-ize后变为动

词familiarize，与with搭配，意为“使……熟悉……”。

5.(constancy) We've kept up a fairly 1 speed.

（分数：2.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：constant）

解析：[解析] 根据题干可知空白处应该填入形容词作定语，所以填入所给名词的形容词形式constant不断的，题意为