2024年4月15日发(作者：)

连词Conjunction

1. Simple 简单： but , or, and, because, if

2. Correlative 关联： not only … but also…; both… and …

3. Participial 分词: Supporting, provided, considering

4. Phrasal 短语：as if, as long as, in order that.

按性质分类：

1. 等立（co-ordinative）连词 ：and , or ,but ,for 用以链接并列的单词，短语，

从句，分句等。

----连接副词： besides , hence, thus, therefore, then, hence, however, still,

meanwhile, moreover.

2. 从属连词（sub-ordinatnive）：名词性从句：that，whether。 状语从句：

when，where，although, because etc.

等立连词用法：

1. Time and tide wait for no man. 岁月不待人。

2. The fur coat was soft, (and) also warm.

3. We have received your telegraph as well as your letter of 20

th

May. 我们不

仅接到了你的5月20日的信，也接到了你的电报。

4. The car was also new; besides,另外/but it was in excellent condition.

5. Both the wheat小麦 and the barley大麦 will be shipped tomorrow.

6. She is very hard-working indeed, but then she always has been, hasn’t

she? 但话又说回来了

7. Mr. Jennings, either we manage this case, or you manage it.

8. He decided to leave at dawn, for he had many miles to cover. 他决定黎明启

程，因为他要走许多英里。

9. The coach was not on good terms with与关系好 any of the players, hence

team morale was rather low.

10. He knew what he wanted; however he didn’t know how to get it.

11. He will be back in ten minutes. In the meantime let’s wait outside. 此

时

12. He moved steadily, looking nether left nor right.

13. The plan had certain weaknesses, nevertheless不过，然而 we decided

to adopt 采用

it.

14. The children were tired and cross 乖戾的，生气的, nor were their parents

in a much better humor 心情.

15. It was not only unkind不仁慈 but also untrue不实在，不真实的.

16. “On the one hand I don’t like this job, but (on the other hand) I

can’t get a better one,” said the young man.

17. She’d like to go only he promised not to.

18. Be quick, or it may be too late. 不然迟到了。

19. Hurry up, or else you’ll miss the last bus.

20. You must work hard; otherwise you will not learn English well.

21. The rain began to fall, so we went home.

22. There seemed no chance of coming to an agreement; therefore it was

decided to break off 暂停，终止negotiation.

23. Some people like strong tobacco 烈烟, whereas others don’t.

24. They are the same, yet not the same. (yet 常连接两个相互矛盾的方面，but

则不一定)

从属连词（sub-ordinative conjunction）

1. The novel became even more popular after it was made into a movie.

2. He knows English perfectly though he has never been to England.

3. As如同 he predicted, the wind changed.

4. As 当……时winter approached, the days became shorter.

5. As 因为 I have not read the book, I cannot tell you anything about it.

6. I’ll do it as you told me. 按照

7. Sick as he was, he came to work. 虽然

8. As far as I am concerned, I know nothing about it. 就我而言/来说

9. He stopped there as if he were petrified惊呆，目瞪口呆 with terror. 犹如，

好像，仿佛

10. You may take my dictionary as long as you don’t keep it too long.

11. As soon as he stops talking, let’s go get some coffee. 一 …….就…..

12. By the time he got there, everyone else had arrived. 他到达那里时，别人

已经都到了。

13. Every time my father comes to Beijing, he goes to visit the Monument

to the People’s Heroes with respect. 人民英雄纪念碑

14. Bill would have come if he’d known you were here. 虚拟语气

15. In case you see him, ask him about it. 万一，假如，如果

16. The invitations were sent out early in order that the delegates might

arrive in time for the conference. 代表

17. He packed the instruments very carefully lest (以免)they should be

broken during transportation.

18. That is wrong, no matter who says it.

19. Now 既然you are here, you’d better stay.

20. You must return once he has given you the money. 一旦

21. I haven’t run into Mike once since classes began. 自从

22. I’ll wash the dress so that you can wear it.

23. They set off half an hour earlier

that

they might get there in time. 出发

24. Until Mary leaves, we’d better not discuss it. 到…….为止，在…….之前

25. I refuse to do it unless you help me. 除非，如果不

26. She stood quite silent while she appealed to him. 向…..求助，呼吁，诉诸

于

词性 Words

实词（Notional word）:有实义

名词（noun, n.）

动词 （verb, v.）

形容词 （adjective, adj /a）

副词 (adverb, adv /ad)

数次 (numeral, num.)

代词 (pronoun, pron. )

虚词（form word）：没有实义

冠词 （article, art.）

介词 (preposition, prep.)

连词 (conjunction, conj.)

感动词 (interjection, int.)

句子成分（members of sentence）

主语（Subject）

谓语（Predicate）

宾语（object）

表语（predictive）

定语（attribute）

状语（adverbial）

补语（complement）

The sun is shining in our faces.

黄昏开始降临Twilight was falling as Martin left the fruit store.

The play began at eight, so they must dine at seven.

One must endorse背书，代言，被面签字 a cheque before one cashes it.

Thomas receive a warning for speeding. 超速行驶警告单

She gave a roar of pain. 痛苦的吼叫

Hill was declared the winner of the fight. 主语补语

I consider the book expensive. 宾补

The whole house was ill with the mumps. 腮腺炎

John had a great desire to travel.

Children who live by the sea usually begin to swim at an early age.

He ran up to her breathing heavily.

What time is flight 452 due to depart?

Where is the Caribbean Sea? 加勒比海

My car broke down on the high way. 抛锚

This fact has little significance for us. 意义

The new books will have been entered in the register before another parcel

arrives. 邮包，包裹，一大批

The house stood where three roads met.

So far as I know, she is trustworthy.

Located on an island in the Senie River, 塞纳河the Cathedral 大教堂 of Notre

Dame 巴黎圣母院 is one of the famous landmarks in Paris.

When formed with copper 铜, aluminum alloys 铝合金are quite strong.

A man who sells book in a shop is called bookseller. 书商

The suggestion that the new rule be adopted采用，接受 came from the

chairman.

短语或词组 Phrase

名词短语（noun phrase）

动词短语 （verb phrase）

形容词短语（adjective phrase）

副词短语（adverb phrase）

介词短语（prepositional phrase）

不定式短语（infinitive phrase）

动名词短语（gerundial phrase）

分词短语（participial phrase）

从句（subordinate sentence）

主语从句 （subject clause）

宾语从句 (object clause)

定语从句 (attributive clause)

状语从句 (adverbial clause)

同位语从句 (appositive clause)

句子sentence

主语+谓语 (SV) Day dawns 天亮了

主语+谓语+宾语（SVO）

主语+谓语+直接宾语+间接宾语（SVOO）

主语+谓语+主语补语 （SVC）/主语+连系动词+表语（SLP）He died a poor

man.

主语+谓语+宾语+宾补（SVOC）I found him intelligent.

简单句（simple sentence）

Thomas Edison was born in Milan, Ohio, on February 11, 1847.

Fire and water do not agree.

并列句（compound sentence）

I came home early, but she remained to the end of the concert.

复杂句（complex sentence ）

He said he would come in the evening.

并列复杂句 （compound complex sentence）

While the men worked to strengthen the dam,水坝 the rain continued to fall,

and the river, which was already well above its normal level, rose higher and

higher.

根据用途或目的分为：

陈述句（declarative sentence）

疑问句（interrogative sentence）

祈使句（imperative sentence）

感叹句（exclamatory sentence）