2024年4月10日发(作者：)

儿童高流量吸氧的操作流程

English Answer：

Procedure for High-Flow Nasal Cannula (HFNC) Oxygen

Therapy in Children.

Assessment.

Assess the child's respiratory status, including

respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, and work of breathing.

Determine the underlying cause of respiratory distress.

Equipment.

High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC)。

Humidifier.

Heated tubing.

Oxygen source.

Flow meter.

Pulse oximeter.

Setup.

1. Assemble the HFNC system according to the

manufacturer's instructions.

2. Connect the humidifier to the oxygen source and turn

on the humidifier.

3. Connect the heated tubing to the humidifier and the

HFNC nasal cannula.

4. Adjust the flow rate according to the child's weight

and respiratory status.

Administration.

1. Position the nasal cannula snugly in the child's

nose, with the prongs pointing forward.

2. Secure the nasal cannula with a headband or tape.

3. Start the oxygen flow at the prescribed rate.

4. Monitor the child's respiratory status and oxygen

saturation closely.

Titration.

1. Adjust the flow rate as needed to maintain the

desired oxygen saturation.

2. Gradually increase the flow rate if the child's

respiratory status improves.

3. Reduce the flow rate if the child's respiratory

status worsens.

Monitoring.

1. Monitor the child's respiratory status, oxygen

saturation, and heart rate regularly.

2. Check the nasal cannula for proper placement and

patency.

3. Observe the child for any signs of discomfort, such

as nasal irritation or skin breakdown.

Weaning.

1. Gradually reduce the flow rate as the child's

respiratory condition improves.

2. Monitor the child closely for signs of respiratory

distress.

3. Wean the child from HFNC when they are able to

maintain adequate oxygen saturation without support.

Contraindications.

Obstruction of the upper airway.

Severe facial trauma.

Severe nasal congestion.

Bullous lung disease.

Complications.

Nasal irritation.

Skin breakdown.

Epistaxis.

Ocular irritation.

Tympanic membrane perforation.

中文回答：

儿童高流量吸氧操作流程。

评估。

评估儿童的呼吸状况，包括呼吸频率，血氧饱和度和呼吸功。

确定呼吸窘迫的根本原因。

设备。

高流量鼻导管（HFNC）。

加湿器。

加热管路。

氧气源。

流量计。

脉搏血氧仪。

设置。

1. 根据制造商的说明组装 HFNC 系统。

2. 将加湿器连接到氧气源并打开加湿器。

3. 将加热管路连接到加湿器和 HFNC 鼻导管。

4. 根据儿童的体重和呼吸状况调整流量。

实施。

1. 将鼻导管舒适地放置在儿童的鼻腔内，尖端朝前。

2. 使用头带或胶带固定鼻导管。

3. 以规定的速率开始输氧。

4. 密切监测儿童的呼吸状况和血氧饱和度。

滴定。

1. 根据需要调整流量以维持所需的氧饱和度。

2. 如果儿童的呼吸状况改善，则逐渐增加流量。

3. 如果儿童的呼吸状况恶化，则降低流量。

监测。

1. 定期监测儿童的呼吸状况，血氧饱和度和心率。

2. 检查鼻导管的位置和通畅性。

3. 观察儿童是否有任何不适迹象，例如鼻部刺激或皮肤破损。

撤除。

1. 随着儿童呼吸状况的改善，逐渐降低流量。

2. 密切监测儿童是否有呼吸窘迫迹象。

3. 当儿童能够在没有支持的情况下维持足够的血氧饱和度时，

让他们脱离 HFNC。

禁忌症。

上呼吸道梗阻。

严重的颜面创伤。

严重的鼻塞。

大疱性肺病。

并发症。

鼻部刺激。

皮肤破损。

鼻出血。

眼部刺激。

鼓膜穿孔。