2024年3月16日发(作者：)

可数名词和不可数名词

英语中名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。凡是可数计数的名词叫做可数名词;凡是不可以计

数的名词叫做不可数名词。

(1)可数名词分为单数和复数两种形式。可数名词前可以用不定冠词、数词或some many

等修饰。如：a man a desk an apple an orange some books some children tow pens

(2)不可数名词没有复数形式，前面不能用不定冠词、数词或many等词语修饰，但可以用

some a little much等词语来修饰。有时可以与一些量词短语搭配，这些量词短语中的名词一

般是可数的，有单数形式，也可以有复数形式。如：some water ，a little milk ，much food，

a piece of bread， two bottles of milk ,some glasses of water

冠词 a / an / the:

冠词一般位于所限定的名词前，用来署名名词所指的人或事物。冠词有不定冠词和定冠词两

种。不定冠词有两个形式，即a和an。a用在以辅音音素开头的词前，如a book; an用在以

元音音素开头的字母前，如an apple.

a或an与可数名词单数连用，泛指某类人或某物中的一个。

This is a cat.这是一只猫

It's an English book. 这是一本英语书。

His father is a worker.他的爸爸是个工人。

the既可以用在可数名词前，也可以用在不可数名词前，表示某个或某些特定的人或事物，

也可以指上文提到过的人或事物。

Who's the boy in the hat? 戴帽子的男孩是谁呀？

What can you see in the classroom? 你能在教室里看到什么呀？

I can see a bag. 我能看见一个书包。

Where's the bag? 书包在哪呀？

It's on the desk. 在桌子上。

family

family看作为一个整体时，意思是"家庭"，后面的谓语动词be用单数形式 is ；如把family

看作为家庭成员时，应理解为复数，后面的谓语动词be应用are。

My family is a big family. 我的家庭是个大家庭。

My family are all at home now. 我的家人现在都在家。

Family强调由家人组成的一个集体或强调这个集体中的成员。home指个人出生、被抚养长

大的环境和居住地点。 house指"家"、"房屋"，侧重居住的建筑本身。

His family are all workers. 他的家人都是工人。

My home is in Beijing. 我的家在北京。

He isn't at home now. 他现在不在家。

It's a picture of my family. 这是一张我全家的照片。

可数名词单数变复数规律

：

1、词尾直接加s型：students, apples, bags, trees, books, brothers

2、以s、x、sh、ch结尾的名词加es型：glasses, boxes, brushes, matches

3、以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加es型：city-cities, baby-babies

4、以元音字母加y结尾的名词，直接加s: boys, toys

5、以f或fe结尾的名词，多数变f为v加es:

half→halves（半）

thief→thieves（贼）

wife→wives（妻子）

life→lives（生命）

knife→knives（小刀）

wolf→wolves（狼）

calf→calves（小牛）

shelf→shelves（架子）

leaf→leaves（叶）

6、以o结尾的名词，一般直接加s: radios, zoos, pianos, photos；除了5

个特殊的词需要加es: Negroes, heroes, potatoes, tomatoes，mangoes.(黑

人英雄爱吃土豆和西红柿：薯条蘸番茄酱;最后再吃点芒果)

7、不规则变化的词：foot→ feet, goose→ geese, tooth→ teeth,

man→ men, woman→ women, sheep→ sheep, deer→deer

Chinese→Chinese, Japanese→Japanese，child→ children,mouse→ mice.

不规则变化要特别记，oo常常变ee, foot→feet是一例;男人、女人a改e, woman

→women是一例;child复数children要记准，中、日、鹿、绵羊无变化，单数、

复数是一家。

第三人称单数（他，她，它）是除了你、我，还有复数以外（他们，她们，它们）

的人称。

8、有些名词只有单数形式。

advice（劝告；忠告）

information（信息）

luggage（行李）

knowledge（知识）

rubbish（垃圾）

furniture（家具）

9、有些名词通常只有复数形式。

compasses（圆规）

clothes（衣服）

pyjamas（睡衣裤）

trousers（长裤）

breeches（马裤）

pants（短裤）

goods（货物）

binoculars（双筒望远镜）

pliers（钳子）

scissors（剪刀）

scales（天平）

arms（武器）

premises（房屋）

教师用

I'm so hungry. Please give me ______ to eat

A. three bread B three pieces of bread C. three pieces of breads D three piece of bread

答案B

考查可数名词与不可数名词的用法。bread为不可数名词，不加s， 也不能直接用数字修饰，

排除A和C。量词piece片是可数的要加

s。 Cici enjoys dancing. It's one of her . A. prize B. prizes C. hobby D. hobbies 【答案】D

考查名词用法及one of这个句型，由题意可知：跳舞是Cici的 一种爱好。One of后加名词

复数。 – Can I help you, sir?

-- I’

d like to have 100 _____. I want my students to draw pictures. A. piece of paper B. pieces of p

aper C. pieces of papers 答案： B

本题考查不可数名词的运用. paper是不可数名词，它没有复数形式， 若表示数量，一般用

a piece of短语表示，它的复数形式应体现在 piece上。 paper是不可数名词，故排除C；答

句意“我想要100张 纸„„”。100张纸中，量词piece应用复数形式，故排除A。正确 答案

是：B。

Tony has many Chinese ______.

A. stamp B. stamps C. a stamp

答案B

考查名词复数的用法。many意为“很多”后接名词复数，故选

B。 There are many _______ at the foot of the hill. A. cow

B. horse

C. sheep

答案：C

many 修饰的是可数名词的复数形式，sheep的复数形式还是sheep， 故选

C。 The old man used to raise many _____ to make a living on the farm. A duck B horse C

bird D sheep 答案：D

考查点：名词复数形式的用法。 解题思路：many之后要使用可数 名词的复数形式，选项A、

B、C都是可数名词，其复数形式为都要 加-s;而sheep也是可数名词，其复数形式与单数形

式相同，故答案选

D； — Could you please tell me something about the two_______? — ____. They arc exchange

students of No. 1 Middle School. A. Frenchmen; Yes, please B. Frenchmans; Come on C. Ger

men; Not at all D. Germans; All right

名词复数与交际用语用法。Frenchman的复数是Frenchmen，German 的复数不是把a换成e，

而是直接加s, 即Germans，故B,C错。Yes, please 包含“好吧和感谢”的意思，All right指

指“好吧”。故D对。

Could you please get me some_______? I’m hungry. A. apple

B. water

C. bread D. Egg

答案C

考查可数名词与不可数名词。some意为―一些‖，后跟可数名词复数 形式或不可数名词，

A、D为单数形式，需排除。由答语―I’ hungry‖ 可推测，想要点吃的东西。故选C。

There isn't any ______in the fridge. We need to go shopping. A. Oranges B. Milk C. eggs

答案：B

考查名词。根据题干中的isn’t any ，可判断后接不可数名词， 选项中只有B是不可数名

词。

—Mr. Smith always has _____ to tell us. —So he does.

A. some good pieces of news B. some pieces of good news C. some good piece of news D. some

piece of good news

答案：A

不可数名词的考查。News是不可数名词，当要表示几条消息时， 应用量词piece，并且根

据句意要在piece的后面加s。 There are two and three on the table.

A. apple; banana B. apples; banana C. apples; bananas 答案：C

可数名词复数的考查。Apple与banana都为可数名词，故选C。 —

Are there any _______ in the picture? —Yes, there are.

A. fish B. pork C. beef 答案：A

考查名词。B与C都是不可数名词，be动词用单数；fish表示鱼的数量 时，单数和复数同

形。故选A。

Could you take _______ for these _______? They are very beautiful. A. any photos; tomatos

B. some photos; tomatoes C. some photos; tomatos D. any photos; tomatoes 选B。photo

是无生命的，其复数形式为photos，而tomato 是有生命的，其复数形式为tomatoes，故先

排除A、C二项； 另本题是以―Could you ….?‖来表示有礼貌的请求，故舍D选

B。 When I hurriedly got to the airport, the lady at the window told me that there were no _____

___ left on that plane. A. places B. seats C. space D. room

选B。space, room意为―空间‖时是不可数名词，句中there were 需要与可数名词搭配，先

排除C、D；根据关键信息on that plane 和题意―当我匆忙到达飞机场时，窗户旁的那位女

士告诉我在那 架飞机上没有座位‖可知A不符合语境，故选

B。 How many ________ do you want every week? A. milk B. water

C. apples

选C。由关键信息how many可知本题要用可数名词的 复数形式，milk, water是不可数名词，

apple是可数名词， 其复数形式是apples，故正确答案为C。

here are a lot of ________ in our school. They work very hard.

A. woman teachers B. women teachers C. womans teachers 选B。―女教师‖的复数形式

是两个名词都变复数，即women teachers。 故正确答案为B。

They are from ________. They’re _______.

A. Germany; Germans B. Germans; Germany C. German; Germany D. Germany; G

ermen 选A。Germany意为―德国‖，German意为―德国人‖，结合题意 ―他们来自德国，

他们是德国人‖可选出答案。需要注意的是， German不像Englishman和Frenchman，是由

English/ French 和man这两个有独立意义的词合成的, 所以其复数形式不是 Germen，而是直

接在German后面加s。

–

Do you know how many_____ a horse has and how many ____ a bee has? --Of course. I know.

A. teeth, feet B. tooth, foot C. foot, teeth D. teeth, foot foot和tooth的复数形式都是把

oo变成ee，即feet和teeth。结合题中所给 的关键信息how many可选出正确答案为A。

My son got up late this morning. He only had _______ for breakfast. A. two bread B. t

wo slice of bread C. two slices of bread D. two slices of breads 选C。bread为不可数名词，

表示―两片面包‖时用two slices of bread，故选C。

—How many teachers are there in your school? — them over two hundred.

A. woman; The number of; is B. women; The number of; is

C. woman; A number of; is D. women; A number of; are 答案：B

本题主要考查名词复数的用法。英语中有这样使用习惯：child、man、 women这样的名词

作定语时，如果后面被修饰的名词是复数，child用 原形，而man和women要变成复数。

a number of表示若干，许多，谓 语用复数。the number of表示...的数量。题意为：-你们学

校有多少女 老师？-数量超过200。可知本题选B

学生用

可数名词和不可数名词专项练习：

1、I'm so hungry. Please give me ______ to eat

A. three bread B three pieces of bread C. three pieces of breads D three piece of bread

2、Cici enjoys dancing. It's one of her______ .

A. prize B. prizes C. hobby D. hobbies

3、– Can I help you, sir?

-- Id like to have 100 _____. I want my students to draw pictures.

A. piece of paper B. pieces of paper C. pieces of papers

4、Tony has many Chinese ______.

A. stamp B. stamps C. a stamp

5、 There are many _______ at the foot of the hill.

A. cow B. horse C. sheep

6、The old man used to raise many _____ to make a living on the farm.

A duck B horse C bird D sheep

7、— Could you please tell me something about the two_______?

— ____. They arc exchange students of No. 1 Middle School.

A. Frenchmen; Yes, please B. Frenchmans; Come on

B. C. Germen; Not at all D. Germans; All right

8、Could you please get me some_______? I’m hungry.

A. apple B. water C. bread D. Egg

9、There isn't any ______in the fridge. We need to go shopping.

A. Oranges B. Milk C. eggs

10、—Mr. Smith always has _____ to tell us.

—So he does.

A. some good pieces of news B. some pieces of good news

C. some good piece of news D. some piece of good news

11、 There are two ____and three _____ on the table.

; banana B. apples; banana C. apples; bananas

12、Are there any _______ in the picture? —Yes, there are.

A. fish B. pork C. beef

13、Could you take _______ for these _______? They are very beautiful.

A. any photos; tomatos B. some photos; tomatoes

C. some photos; tomatos D. any photos; tomatoes

14When I hurriedly got to the airport, the lady at the window told me that there were no ____ left

on that plane.

A. places B. seats C. space D. room

15、How many ________ do you want every week?

A. milk B. water C. apples

16、there are a lot of ________ in our school. They work very hard.

A. woman teachers B. women teachers C. womans teachers

17、 They are from ________. They’re _______.

A. Germany; Germans B. Germans; Germany

C. German; Germany D. Germany; Germen

18、Do you know how many_____ a horse has and how many ____ a bee has?

Of course. I know.

A. teeth, feet B. tooth, foot C. foot, teeth D. teeth, foot

19、My son got up late this morning. He only had _______ for breakfast.

A. two bread B. two slice of bread

C. two slices of bread D. two slices of breads

20、—How many_____ teachers are there in your school?

— ____them ______ over two hundred.

A. woman; The number of; is B. women; The number of; is

C. woman; A number of; is D. women; A number of; are