2024年3月16日发(作者：)

2017年12月大学英语四级真题试题三(完整版)

Part I Writing

(25 minutes)

(请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an a short easy on how

to best handle the relationship between teachers and students. You should write at

least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

Part II Listening Comprehension

(30 minutes)

说明：2017年12月大学英语四级考试全国共考了两套听力.本套的听

力内容与第二套相同，因此本套听力部分不再重复给出。

Part Ⅲ

(40 minutes)

Section A

Reading Comprehension

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required

to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following

the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices, Each

choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for

each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use

any of the words in the bank more than once.

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Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.

Technological changes brought dramatic new options to Americans living in the

1990s. During this decade new forms of entertainment, commerce, research, and

communication became commonplace in the U. S. The driving force behind much of

this change was a ( n) (26)_______ popularly known as the Internet.

The Internet was developed during the 1970s by the Department of Defense. In

the case of an attack, military advisers suggested the (27)_______ of being able to

operate one computer from another terminal. In the early days, the Internet was used

mainly by scientists to communicate with other scientists. The Internet (28)_______

under government control until 1984.

One early problem faced by Internet users was speed. Phone lines could only

transmit information at a (29)_______ rate. The development of fiber-optic (光纤）

cables allowed for billions of bits of information to be received every minute.

Companies like Intel developed faster microprocessors, so personal computers could

process the (30)_______ signals at a more rapid rate.

In the early 1990s, the World Wide Web was developed, in large part, for

(31)_______ purposes. Corporations created home pages where they could place text

and graphics to sell products. Soon airline tickets, hotel (32)_______, and even cars

and homes could be purchased online. Universities (33)_______research data on the

Internet, so students could find (34)_______ information without leaving their

dormitories. Companies soon discovered that work could be done at home and

(35)_______ online, so a whole new class of telecommuters began to earn a living

from home offices unshaven and wearing pajamas (睡衣）.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

A) advantage

E) incoming

B) commercial

F) innovation

C) conservation

G) limited

D) equipped

H) local

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I) maintained

M) reservations

J) occupations

N) submitted

K) posted

O) valuable

L) remained

Section B

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements

attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.

Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a

paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the

questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

The Health Benefits of Knitting

[A] About 15 years ago, I was invited to join a knitting group, I agreed to give it a try.

[B] My mother has taught me to knit at 15, and I knitted in class throughout college

and for a few years thereafter. Then decades passed without my touching a

knitting needle. But within two Mondays in the group, I was hooked, not only on

knitting but also on crocheting (钩织)，and I was on my way to becoming a

highly productive crafter.

[C] I’ve made countless baby blankets，sweaters，scarves, hats，caps for

newborns. I take a knitting project with me everywhere, especially when I have to

sit still and listen. As I discovered in college, when my hands are busy, my mind

stays focused on the here and now.

[D] It seems, too, that I’m part of a national renewal of interest in needle and other

handicrafts (手工 艺）.The Craft Yarn Council reports that a third of women ages

25 - 35 now knit or crochet. Even men and schoolchildren are swelling the ranks,

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among them my friend ’ s three small grandsons. Last April, the council created a

Stitch Away Stress ” campaign in honor of National Stress Awareness Month. Dr.

Herbert Benson, a pioneer in mind/body medicine and author of The Relaxation

Response, says that the repetitive action of needlework can induce a relaxed state

like that associated with meditation (沉思) and yoga. Once you get beyond the

initial learning curve, knitting and crocheting can lower heart rate and blood

pressure.

[E] But unlike meditation，craft activities result in tangible and often useful products

that can enhance self-esteem. I keep photos of my singular accomplishments on

my cellphone to boost my spirits when needed.

[F] Since the 1990s, the council has surveyed hundreds of thousands of knitters and

crocheters, who routinely list stress relief and creative fulfillment as the activities’

main benefits. Among them is the father of a prematurely born daughter who

reported that during the baby 5 s five weeks in the intensive care unit, “learning

how to knit infant hats gave me a sense of purpose during a time that I felt very

helpless. It’s a hobby that I’ve stuck with, and it continues;to help me cope with

stress at work, provide a sense of order in hectic (忙乱的）days, and allow my

brain time to solve problems. ’’

[G] A recent email from the yarn (纺纱)company Red Heart titled “Health Benefits

of Crocheting and Knitting” prompted me to explore what else might be known

about the health value of activities like knitting. My research revealed that the

rewards go well beyond replacing stress and anxiety with the satisfaction of

creation.

[H] For example, Karen Hayes, a life coach in Toronto, conducts knitting therapy

programs, including Knit to Quit to help smokers give up the habit, and Knit to

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Heal for people coping with health crises, like a cancer diagnosis or serious

illness of a family member. Schools and prisons with craft programs report that

they have a calming effect and enhance social skills. And having to follow

instructions on complex craft projects can improve children ’ s math skills.

[I] Some people find that craftwork helps them control their weight. Just as it’s

challenging to smoke while knitting, when hands are holding needles and

hooks，there, s less snacking and mindless eating out of boredom.

[J] I’ve found that my handiwork with yam has helped my arthritic (患关节炎的）

fingers remain more dexterous (灵巧的）as I age. A woman encouraged to try

knitting and crocheting after developing an autoimmune disease that caused a lot

of hand pain reported on the Craft Yam Council site that her hands are now less

stiff and painful.

[K] A 2009 University of British Columbia study of 38 women with an eating

disorder who were taught to knit found that learning the craft led to significant

improvements. Seventy-four percent of the women said the activity lessened their

fears and kept them from thinking about their problem.

[L] Betsan Corkhill, a wellness coach in Bath, England, and author of the book Knit

for Health & Wellness，established a website, Stitchlinks, to explore the value of

what she calls therapeutic knitting. Among her respondents, 54 percent of those

who were clinically depressed said that knitting made them feel happy or very

happy. In a study of 60 self-selected people with persistent pain, Ms. Corkhill and

colleagues reported that knitting enabled them to redirect their focus, reducing

their awareness of pain. She suggested that the brain can process just so much at

once, and that activities like knitting and crocheting make it harder for the brain

to register pain signals. Perhaps most exciting is research that suggests that crafts

like knitting and crocheting may help to keep off a decline in brain function with

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age. In a 2011 study, researchers led by Dr. Yonas Geda at the Mayo Clinic in

Rochester interviewed a random (随机的）sample of 1,321 people ages 70 - 89，

most of whom were cognitively (在认知方面）normal, about the cognitive

activities they engaged in late in life. The study, published in the Journal of

Neuropsychiatry & Clinical Neurosciences, found that those who engaged in

crafts like knitting and crocheting had a diminished chance of developing mild

cognitive disorder and memory loss.

[M] Although it is possible that only people who are cognitively healthy would pursue

such activities, those who read newspapers or magazines or played music did not

show similar benefits. The researchers speculate that craft activities promote the

development of nerve pathways in the brain that help to maintain cognitive

health.

[N] In support of that suggestion, a 2014 study by Denise C. Park of the University of

Texas at Dallas and colleagues demonstrated that learning to knit or do digital

photography enhanced memory function in older adults. Those who engaged in

activities that were not intellectually challenging,either in a social group or

alone，did not show such improvements.

[O] Given that sustained social contacts have been shown to support health and a long

life, those wishing to maximize the health value of crafts might consider joining a

group of like-minded folks. I for one try not to miss a single weekly meeting of

my knitting group.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

36. When the author was a college student, she found that knitting helped her

concentrate.

37. Knitting can help people stay away from tobacco.

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38. Even men and children are now joining the army of knitters.

39. Being a member of a crafts group enhances one’s health and prolongs one’s life.

40. Knitting diverts people9 s attention from their pain.

41. The author learnt to knit as a teenager, but it was not until she was much older that

she became keenly interested.

42. When people are knitting, they tend to eat fewer snacks.

43. Survey findings show that knitting can help people relieve stress.

44. According to a study, knitters and crocheters are less likely to suffer mild cognitive

damage.

45. The products of knitting can increase one’s sense of self-respect.

Section C

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by

some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices

marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the

corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.

Nobody really knows how big Lagos is. What ’ s indisputable is that it ’ s

growing very quickly.

Between now and 2050, the urban population of Africa could triple. Yet cities in

sub-Saharan Africa are not getting richer the way cities in the rest of the world have.

Most urban Africans live in slums (贫民 窟）；migrants are often not much better off

than they were in the countryside. Why?

The immediate problem is poverty. Most of Africa is urbanising at a lower level

of income than other regions of the world did. That means there ’ s little money

around for investment that would make cities liveable and more productive. Without

upgrades and new capacity，bridges，roads and power systems are unable to cope

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