2024年3月14日发(作者：)

4.1可数名词

一般来说个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，称为可数名词。可数名词有

单数和复数两种形式。

例如: a book, two books, a student, three students, a family, many families。

名词单数变复数变化如下：

◆ 词尾直接加s如：cat——cats bag——bags day——days

◆ 以 s, sh, ch, x 结尾的词加es如：class——classes, match——matches ,box-----

boxes, dish ---- dishes, bus --- buses, peach --- peaches .

◆ 以辅音加y结尾的词变y为i加es. 元音加y 结尾的词直接加s,

如: party----parties city----cities story----stories family---families baby

--- babies

boy---- toys monkey----- monkeys key---- keys等.

◆ 以f或 fe结尾的词, 变f或fe 为v, 加 es,

如: wife ---- wives, half---- halves, shelf—shelves, knife --- knives, life---lives,

leaf---leaves.

注意特殊情况直接加“s”，要逐个记 chiefs, handkerchiefs , roofs.

◆ 以辅音加 o 结尾的词:

有生命的加es如: tomatoes, potatoes, heroes.

无生命的如s,如：:radios, zoos, pianos, photos

◆ 名词单数变复数特殊变化也要逐个记得如: man-men, woman-women,

policeman-policemen, tooth---teeth, foot---feet, child--children,

mouse-mice,goose---geese.

（注意：以下单复同形：deer, sheep, species, means, Chinese, Japanese）

练一练：

一、请写出下列词的复数形式。

______________________ _____________

______________ ___________ ___________

__________ _________ ____________

10. sheep______________________ ___________

二、选择题。

( )1．The deer has four ______.

A. foot B. feet C. feets D. foots

( )2．Her two brothers are both ______.

A. policeman B. policemans C. policemen D. policemens

( )3．Two ______ would come to the village.

A. woman-doctors B. women doctor C. women doctors D. woman

doctors

( )4．Can you see nine _____ in the picture?

A. sheep B. dog C. pig D. horse

( )5..I saw many _____ in the street.

A. peoples B. people C. people’s D. peoples’

( )6．The boy often brushes his _____ before he goes to bed.

A. tooth B. tooths C. teeth D. teeths

( )’s uncle has fifty on his farm

A. sheep s

4.2不可数名词

不可数名词不能用数字计算包括物质名词( air, water等)及抽象名词(advice, hate)

等。所以它通常只有单数形式。如：English, air, water, cotton, work…

不可数名词的类别：

食物：food ,salt, bread, rice, beef, meat, pork, butter（黄油）,cream.

液体：water, juice, milk, coffee, tea, coke, oil, wine.

表示自然现象：snow, ice ,rain, air.

其他类：money,homework, housework, time, music, weather

注意事项：

1.数量的表达方式

不可数名词后面不可以加s, 前面不能直接加数字，不能用a或an，常用some，

much，a little， a lot of， plenty of表示多少。如：

Two water × one bread × two cups of teas ×