2024年2月18日发(作者：)

《国际经济学》 第五章 关税 英文习题

SINGLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

（ ）1. Suppose that the United States eliminates（消除） its tariff on steel imports, permitting

foreign-produced steel to enter the U.S. market. Steel prices to U.S. consumers would be

expected to:

a. Increase, and the foreign demand for U.S. exports would increase

b. Decrease, and the foreign demand for U.S. exports would increase

c. Increase, and the foreign demand for U.S. exports would decrease

d. Decrease, and the foreign demand for U.S. exports would decrease

（ ）2. When a government allows raw materials（原材料） and other intermediate products（中间产品） to enter a country duty free（免税）, its tariff policy generally results in a (an):

a. Effective tariff rate（有效关税率） less than the nominal tariff rate（名义关税率）

b. Nominal tariff rate less than the effective tariff rate

c. Rise in both nominal and effective tariff rates

d. Fall in both nominal and effective tariff rates

（ ）3. The principal benefit of tariff protection goes to:

a. Domestic consumers of the good produced b. Domestic producers of the good produced

c. Foreign producers of the good produced d. Foreign consumers of the good produced

（ ）4. Which of the following policies permits a specified quantity of goods to be imported at one

tariff rate and applies a higher tariff rate to imports above this quantity?

a. Tariff quota（关税配额） b.

c. Specific tariff（从量税） d.

Import tariff

Ad valorem tariff（从价税）

（ ）5. When the production of a commodity does not utilize（利用） imported inputs, the effective

tariff rate（有效保护率） on the commodity:

a. Exceeds the nominal tariff rate on the commodity

b. Equals the nominal tariff rate on the commodity

c. Is less than the nominal tariff rate on the commodity

d. None of the above

（ ）6. Developing nations often maintain that industrial countries permit raw materials to be

imported at very low tariff rates while maintaining high tariff rates on manufactured imports.

Which of the following refers to the above statement?

a. Tariff-quota effect b. Nominal tariff effect

c. Tariff escalation（关税升级）effect d. Protective tariff effect

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《国际经济学》 第五章 关税 英文习题

（ ）7. A beggar-thy-neighbor policy（以邻为壑） is the imposition of:

a. Free trade to increase domestic productivity

b. Trade barriers to increase domestic demand and employment

c. Import tariffs to curb domestic inflation

d. Revenue tariffs to make products cheaper for domestic consumers

（ ）8. Which of the following is a fixed percentage of the value of an imported product as it enters

the country?

a. Specific tariff valorem tariff

c. Nominal tariff d. Effective tariff

（ ）9. A tax of 20 cents per unit of imported cheese would be an example of:

a. Compound tariff（复合关税） b. Effective tariff

c. Ad valorem tariff d. Specific tariff

（ ） most vocal political pressure for tariffs is generally made by:

a. Consumers lobbying（游说） for export tariffs b. Consumers lobbying for import tariffs

c. Producers lobbying for export tariffs d. Producers lobbying for import tariffs

（ ）e that the production of $500,000 worth of steel in the United States requires

$100,000 worth of iron ore. The U.S. nominal tariff rates for importing these goods are 15

percent for steel and 5 percent for iron ore. Given this information, the effective rate of

protection for the U.S. steel industry is approximately:

a. 6 percent b. 12 percent c. 18 percent d. 24 percent

（ ）e that the production of a $30,000 automobile in Canada requires $10,000 worth of

steel. The Canadian nominal tariff rates for importing these goods are 25 percent for

automobiles and 10 percent for steel. Given this information, the effective rate of protection

for the Canadian automobile industry is approximately:

a.15 percent b. 32 percent c. 48 percent d. 67 percent

（ ）e an importer of steel is required to pay a tariff of $20 per ton plus 5 percent of the

value of steel. This is an example of a (an):

ic tariff b. Ad valorem tariff c. Compound tariff d. Tariff quota

（ ）14.A compound tariff（复合关税） is a combination of a (an):

a. Tariff quota and a two-tier tariff b.

c. Import tariff and an export tariff d.

Revenue tariff and a protective tariff

Specific tariff and an ad valorem tariff

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《国际经济学》 第五章 关税 英文习题

TRUE-FALSE QUESTIONS

（ ）1. With a compound tariff（复合税）, a domestic importer of an automobile might be required

to pay a duty of $200 plus 4 percent of the value of the automobile.

（ ）2. During a business recession（衰退）, when cheaper products are purchased, a specific tariff

（从量税）provides domestic producers a greater amount of protection against

import-competing goods.

（ ）3. A ad valorem tariff（从价税） provides domestic producers a declining degree of protection

against import-competing goods during periods of changing prices.

（ ）4. When material inputs enter a country at a very low duty while the final imported product is

protected by a high duty, the result tends to be a high rate of protection for domestic

producers of the final product.

（ ）5. According to the tariff escalation（关税升级） effect, industrial countries apply low tariffs to

imports of finished goods（成品） and high tariffs to imports of raw materials（原料）.

（ ）6. Bonded warehouses（保税仓库） and foreign trade zones have the effect of allowing

domestic importers to postpone and prorate over time their import duty obligations.

（ ）7. For a “small” country（小国）, a tariff raises the domestic price of an imported product by

the full amount of the duty.

（ ）8. Although an import tariff provides the domestic government additional tax revenue（税收收入）, it benefits domestic consumers at the expense of domestic producers.

（ ）9. Changes in a “large” country’s economic conditions or trade policies can affect the terms at

which it trades with other countries.

（ ）10. For a “large” country（大国）, a tariff on an imported product may be partially absorbed（吸收） by the domestic consumer via a higher purchase price and partially absorbed by the

foreign producer via a lower export price.

（ ）11. If a tariff reduces the quantity of Japanese autos imported by the United States, over time it

reduces the ability of Japan to import goods from the United States.

（ ）12. According to the infant-industry argument（幼稚产业论）, temporary tariff protection

granted to an infant industry will help it become competitive in the world market; when

international competitiveness is achieved, the tariff should be removed.

（ ）13 . A tariff can increase the welfare of a “large” levying country if the favorable terms-of-trade

effect more than offsets（抵消） the unfavorable protective effect and consumption effect.

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《国际经济学》 第五章 关税 英文习题

（ ）14. An import tariff will worsen the terms of trade（贸易条件） for a “small” country but improve

the terms of trade for a “large” country.

（ ）15. Suppose that the tariff on imported steel is 40 percent, the tariff on imported iron ore is 20

percent, and 30 percent of the cost of producing a ton of steel consists of the iron ore it

contains. The effective rate of protection of steel is approximately 49 percent.

（ ）16. Assume（假设） that the United States imports VCRs from South Korea at a price of $200

per unit and that these VCRs are subject to an import tariff of 20 percent. Also assume that

U.S. components are used in the VCRs assembled（装配） by South Korea and that these

components（零部件） have a value of $100. Under the Offshore Assembly Provision of U.S.

tariff policy, the price of an imported VCR to the U.S. consumer after the tariff has been

levied is $220.

（ ）17. Assume that the United States imports televisions from Taiwan at a price of $300 per unit

and that these televisions are subject to an import tariff of 25 percent. Also assume that U.S.

components are used in the televisions assembled by Taiwan and that these components（部件） have a value of $100. Under the Offshore Assembly Provision（境外装配条款） of U.S.

tariff policy, the price of an imported television to the U.S. consumer after the tariff has been

levied is $375.

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