2024年1月11日发(作者：)

Unit 1 Science and Scientists

单元总结

■词性转换

1. adj.懊恼的，失意的→ adj.令人懊恼的，令人沮丧的→

n.懊恼，沮丧；

2. v.传染，污染，（某种感情或兴趣）影响→ n.传染病，感染→

adj.传染的，有感染力的→ adj.受感染的，受污染的；

3. v.认购，定期订购→ n.订购费，订阅→ n.订购者，订阅人，消费者；

4. adj.数量多的，多种多样的→ v.倍增，乘以，繁殖→

n.乘法，大量增加；、

5. n.抽水机，泵→ v.用泵输送，涌出，注入→ adj.兴奋的，热情的；

6. v.猜想，怀疑，不信任；n.嫌疑犯→ adj.有嫌疑的→

adj.值得怀疑的，可疑的；

7. v.责怪，归咎于；n.责备，过错→ adj.该死的→ adj.清白的，无可责备的；

8. n.介入，干涉→ v.干预，阻挠，打岔；

9. adj.纯的，不惨杂质的，纯真的→ adv.纯粹地，仅仅，完全地→

n.纯净，纯洁，清白→ v.使洁净，净化→ n.净化，提纯；

10. adj.大量的，价值巨大的→ adv.实质上，大体上；

11. n.统计资料，统计数字→ n.统计学→ adj.统计的，统计学的→ n.统计学家；

12. v.使改观，转变→ n.（彻底或重大的）改观，转变→

adj.变形的，变化的；

13. n.思想，思维，见解→ v.认为，觉得→ n.想法，看法，思想→ adj.体贴入微的，考虑周到的，深思熟虑的→ adj.轻率的，考虑不周的；

14. n.发现，调差结果，判决→ v.找到，发现，发觉，查明→

v.创办，建造；

15. n.阴影，影子，暗处→ adj.幽暗的，昏暗的，鲜为人知的；

16. adj.确实的，具体的，混凝土的；n.混凝土→ adv.具体地→

n.具体，确实；

17. n.机械师→ adj.机械的，机器的；

18. v.保卫，辩解→ n.防御，辩护→ adj.防御的，戒备的，生气的→ n.被告，adj.防御的；

19. n.助理，助手→ n.帮助，援助→ v.帮助，援助；

20. adj.优秀的，杰出的→ adv.非常，及其，格外地→

v.突出，超过；

21. adj.有天赋的，天资聪颖的→ n.礼物，恩赐，天赋，才能；

22. adj.抽象的，理性的；n.摘要→ n.抽象，提取，空想→

adj.心不在焉的，出神的；

23. n.天文学→ adj.天文学的，极其巨大的→ n.天文学家；

24. n.错误，责任，故障→ adj.有故障的，有缺陷的→

adj.完美的，无缺点的；

25. adj.生动的，鲜明的，丰富的→ adv.生动地，强烈地→

n.生动，活泼，明亮；

答案：

ated →frustrating →frustration

→infection →infectious→infected

ibe→subscription→subscriber

le→multiply→multiplication

→pumping→pumped

t→suspected→suspectable

→blamed→blameless

ention→intervene

→purely→purity→purify→purification

ntial→substantially

tic→statistics→statistical→statistician

orm →transformation →transformative

ng→think→thought→thoughtful→thoughtless

g→find→found

→shadowy

te→concretely→concreteness

ic→mechanical

→defence→defensive→defendant

ant→assistance→assist

nding→outstandingly→outstand

→gift

■重点短语

1. 对……懊恼/沮丧

懊恼地

2. 因此

由于……

3. 怀疑某人做某事

怀疑某人是……

4. 因做某事而指责某人

将某人归咎于某人

因做某事应该受到责备

5. 在…和…之间有联系

把……与……连接起来

6. 在减少

7. 把……转变成……

8. 保护……免于

为了保卫……

9. 劝阻做某事

劝阻某人做某事

10. 追溯到……

11. 做……是某人的过失12. 下班/上班

把某物从……移到……

13. 照料，处理，致力于14. 最终地，彻底地

ct→abstraction→abstracted

omy→astronomical→astronomer

→faulty→faultless

→vividly→vividness15. 同意，定期订购

16. 幸亏，由于

17. 有意义，讲得通

做某事是有意义的

18. 开始干，着手做

19. 突然开始，爆发；

20. 主管，掌管，负责

21. 在……方面有天赋

对……有天赋

22. 患病，(成本、水平或数量)下降，降落；

23. 最重要的是；首先；

24. 某事需要被做

有事要去做

25. 本应该做（而没有做） 本不应该做（而做了）

肯定做了……

可能已经做了……

本来不必做（而做了）

不可能做过……

26. 在……方面帮助某人

在某人的帮助下

答案：

frustrated

in frustration

a consequence

as a consequence of

t sb. of doing sth.

suspect sb.

sb. for doing sth.

blame sth. on sb.

be to blame for doing sth.

is a /

the decrease

...from/against

in defence of

rage doing sth.

discourage sb. from doing sth.

back to

’s one’s fault for doing sth.

off/on shift

shift sth.

to

and for all

ibe to

to

sense

It makes sense to do sth.

down to doing

out

charge of

gifted at/in

have a gift for

down

all

/get sth. done

have sth. to do

have done

should not have done

must have done

may have done

needn’t have done

can’t have done

sb. in doing the assistance of sb.

U1课后习题

一、词汇题

is a very (重大的) improvement in the present situation.

can have (数量多的) meanings, as we know.

(干涉) made them quarrel even more loudly.

ing to official (统计数字), the disease killed over 500 people.

poor (家庭) are experiencing real hardship during the period.

is no (证据) that the knife belonged to her.

out with a mask will decrease the risk of (感染).

are faced with two apparently (相互矛盾的) statements.

engine is used for (抽水) water out of the mine.

import (未经处理的) materials and energy and export mainly industrial products.

may talk of beautiful things but beauty itself is (抽象的).

12.I thought I saw a figure standing in the (阴暗处).

have no (概念) of give-and-take, so they lack love.

told me she’d had a (绝妙的) idea, which surprised us.

is believed that strong (领导才能) is needed to captain the team.

(机械修理工) who repaired my car was good at communication.

memory of that is still (生动的) and often fills him with tears.

schools have paid attention to the warnings and are working to correct their (缺点).

was a (爱国的), adventurous and romantic writer.

setting sun (投射) an orange light over the mountains.

答案：substantial, multiple, intervention, statistic, household, proof, infection, contradictory, pimping, raw, abstract,

shadows, concept, brilliant, leadership, mechanic, vivid, fault, patriotic, cast,

二、短语填空

’ve got so many things to . Can you manage it all by yourself?

and more members are refusing to the leader’s point of view.

number of cyclists running traffic lights is .

problem has been settled .

soldiers died their country.

family has a vase, which is said to the Ming Dynasty.

as a consequence,broke out, subscribe to, on the decrease, in defence of, trace back to,

above all, in charge of, come down ,attend to, once and for all, make senses

was put developing China’s rocket science.

to do something to protect the environment.

sister likes to listen to music. , she often buy CDs.

had escaped to America shortly before the war in 1939.

must have with a bad cold, for he has got a sore throat.

12. , we should recognize our strengths and weaknesses.

答案：attend to, subscribe to, on the decrease, once and for all, in defence of, trace back to, in charge of, make

senses, as a consequence, broke out, come down,above all

三、单句语法

l more days went by and the young man’s (frustrate) increased.

is (frustrate) to talk to him because he never listen to anything I say.

learn English well, I have to subscribe some magazines.

4.I regret to inform you that he died a consequence of his injuries.

manager said he suspected the man stealing the papers all along.

became (suspect) of his behavior and contacted the police.

is (blame) for setting the house on fire?

’t always blame your own failure others.

old Silk Road linked China the West in ancient times.

two towns (link) to each other by a railway.

went on to the next town where they linked with the other party.

decrease sales was almost 20 percent.

tion growth is decreasing 1.4% each year.

should try to transform heat power.

was so afraid that she had the light (burn) all night.

16.I have no one (blame) but myself for what I have done.

one knows the way he invented the machine.

18. (link) arms with one of the instructions, I helped carry the young man out of the water.

is so independent that he never asks his parents’ opinion he wants their support.

’t ask him about his plans - he just gets (defend).

town walls were built as a (defend) against enemy attacks.

was charge murder last year.

was his fault the Smiths misses the train.

stopped, (shift) his cane to his left hand.

ing is good exercise; ,it does not pollute the air.

have entered into an age dreams have the best chance of coming true.

is reported that many a new house (build) at present in the disaster area.

from (be) too large, the trousers don’t match my jacket, either.

答案：frustration, frustrating, to, as, of, to blame, on, with/to, are linked, up, in, by, into, burning, to blame,

that/which, Linked, that, defensive, defence, with, that, shifting, besides, when, is being built, being

四、易混填空

at once, once in a while, once and all for

①I can’t do everything —you’ll have to be patient.

① I go to the concert or a movie with my friend.

①It is time we dealt with the issue .

2.用“由于”的相关短语填空

①The businessman’s success was largely his excellent judgement.

①We missed the train you.

① the bad weather, the next flight will be cancelled.

① your help, we finished the task ahead of time.

across, come around, come out, come up, come to

①When walking down the street, I David, whom I hadn’t seen for years.

①In a few moments she suddenly and found herself lying on the ground.

① when you have time, for spring is beautiful here.

①The plane safely in spite of the bad weather.

①When his book , nobody cared for it.

4.用in all, after all, all in all, at all, first of all填空

①Bob thought he couldn’t go to the party because he had to write a report, but he went .

①The Modern Art Exhibition in the City Museum is not interesting .

① , it appeared that Jones spent a pretty depressing summer.

①To be great, you must be smart, confident,and, ,honest.

①How many visitors are there ? We don’t have enough seats for everyone.

, mistake, error

①What you need is a great teacher who lets you make .

①There are too many in your spelling.

①It’s your that she hasn’t come to the party.

答案：all at once, Once in a while, once and for all; due to, because of, Owing to/Due to/Because of, Thanks to;

came across, came to, Come around, came down, came out; after all, at all, All in all, above all, in all; mistakes,

errors/mistakes, fault;

五、根据汉语意思完成句子

1.不要把你的不良行为怪在别人身上。

① .(blame vt.)

① .(blame n.)

2.上星期我请人把那扇门刷了油漆。

3.为了改变你的人生，你必须改变你思考的方式。

4.父亲去世后他掌管了农场。

5.他在音乐和绘画方面有天赋。

答案：Don’t blame others for your bad behavior./Don’t blame your bad behavior on others.

I had that door painted last week.

To change your life, you must change the way you think.

He took charge of the farm after his father’s death.

She has a gift fir music and painting.=She has a talent for music and painting.

六、单元语法—表语从句

r possibility is when there's a lot of talent on a team, some players may make less effort.

is my father had taught me—to always face difficulty and hope for the best.

is everyone learned to read. We would start off with sentences, then paragraphs,and then

stories.

question, however, is this is what the developing countries need the most.

got caught in heavy traffic. That was he was late.

didn't set out; it was we wanted to wait until our mother came back.

t his support, we wouldn't be we are now.

reason why he came late was he was caught in the traffic jam.

9.I've just read a moving story which happened in Yushu earthquake. That is my eyes are filled with

tears. are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is I disagree.

11.”Every time you eat a sweet, drink green tea.” this is my mother used to tell me.

space, the earth looks is about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by

water. question is technology is going to be our servant or our master.

Jonh Lennon once said life is happens to you while you're busy making other plans.

reason for her preference for city life is she can have easy access to places like shops and

restaurants.

last time we had a great fun was we were visiting the water park.

is important is you feel about yourself.

changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer it was twenty years ago when it

was so poorly equipped.

答案：that, what, how, whether, why, because,where, that, why, where, what, because, whether, what, that, when,

how, what

七、短文填词

Cassie lived a lonely life. She would wander through the forest, eating 1. fruits while other birds

flew among the trees. “Why can't you fly?” they would ask. “Your weak little 2. (wing) cannot even

lift your off the ground.” They would tease her. “You're 3. shamed to birds,” they would offend her.

Cassie was feeling increasingly frustrated and 4. (use), so she made up her mind to leave the

forest for good. Just as she walked free from trees, She heard a deep voice 5. (call) from behind.

Cassie turned around. 6. was a large tree that signaled to her to come back into the forest. “We need

you badly here, ” said the tree. “We rely on you 7. (eat) our fruits and spread our seeds. The other

birds may think you're worthless but you're actually 8. (much) useful bird in the forest. Please don't

go, you are irreplaceable. Cassie beamed for the first time in many weeks and 9. (return) to the forest.

The fruits had never tasted so good.

It's easy to compare your skills to the abilities of others and feel independent. It's easy to listen to the

negative voices of others and believe them. But bear 10. mind that you're essential, you're remarkable

and you're irreplaceable!

答案：fallen, wings, a, useless, calling, It, to eat, the most, returned, in