2024年5月19日发(作者：thinkpad x13)

spend, take, cost, worth和pay的用法区别

take spend cost pay的用法 都可以表示“花费”，但用法却不尽相同。

spend的主语必须是人， 常用于以下结构：

(1) spend time ／money on sth. 在……上花费时间（金钱）。

例：I spent two hours on my homework. 做作业花了我两个小时。

(2) spend time ／money (in) doing sth. 花费时间（金钱）做某事。

例：They spent two years (in) building this bridge. 造这座桥花了他们两年时间。

(3) spend money for sth. 花钱买……。

例：Laura‘s money was spent for books. Laura的钱用来买书了。=

Laura spent all her money for books.

cost的主语是物或某种活动， 还可以表示“值”， 常见用法如下：

(1)sth. costs (sb.) ＋金钱,某物花了（某人）多少钱。

例：A new computer costs a lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。

(2) (doing) sth. costs (sb.) ＋时间,某物（做某事）花了（某人）多少时间。

例：Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time.

他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。

注意：cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost,并且不能用于被动句。

take后面常跟双宾语， 主语通常用it 常见用法有以下几种：

(1) It takes sb. ＋时间＋to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。

例：It took them three years to build this road. 他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。

(2)doing sth. takes sb. ＋时间,做某事花了某人多少时间。

例：Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon. 他花了一下午修车。

pay的基本用法是：

(1) pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱（给某人）买……。

例：I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month.

我每个月要付20英磅的房租。

(2)pay for sth. 付……的钱。

例：I have to pay for the book lost. 我不得不赔丢失的书款。

(3)pay for sb. 替某人付钱。

例：Don’t worry! I'll pay for you. 别担心， 我会替你付钱的。

(4)pay sb. 付钱给某人。

例: They pay us every month.他们每月给我们报酬。

（5）pay money back 还钱。

例：May I borrow 12 yuan from you? I'll pay it back next week.

你能借给我12块钱吗？下周还你。

（6）pay off one's money还清钱。

例：I paid for John last month. He’ll pay it back next week.

上个月我替John付了钱。他下周会还我钱的。

worth是一个介词，它一般和be动词连用

（1）sth is worth money某物值多少钱

例：This house is worth every penny of it.这幢房子值这个价。

（2）It is worth doing sth.值得做某事

例：It is worth reading this book.这本书值得一看。

Exercises:

中译英（用三种方法）

1. 这件外套花费了我100元。

1) _________________________________________________________________

2) _________________________________________________________________

3) _________________________________________________________________

( ) will ________us several years to learn a foreign language well.

A. cost

A. cost

B. take

B. take

C. spend

C. spend

D. use

D. pay

( ) 3. How much did the new skirt ______ you?

( ) 4.- What about going to the concert this weekend?

-Sounds great, but the ticket is too expensive, I can't ________it.

A. spend B. cost C. pay D. afford

( ) 5. They spend too much time _____ the report.

A. writing B. to write C. on writing D. write

( ) 6. ---What beautiful shoes you’re wearing! They must be dear.

---No. They only _____ 10 yuan.

A. spent B. took C. paid D. cost

( ) 7. ---Will you please _____ for my dinner, Peter? --- Sure!

A. spend B. pay C. cost D. take

( ) 8. It will _______ me too much time to read this book.

A. take B. cost C. spend D. pay

( ) 9. This science book _____ me a great amount of money.

A. took B. cost C. used D. spent

( ) 10. ---How do you come to school? ---By bike. Taking a bus may _____ much

money. And walking _____ too much time.

A. take, pays B. cost, takes C. pay, cost D. pay, takes

( ) 11. She usually ______ much time shopping in the supermarket.

A. spends B. costs C. takes D. pays

( ) 12. American students spend ___ time ____ homework than Chinese students.

A. fewer, doing B. less, to do C. less, doing D. least, doing

( ) 13. This kind of computer ______ too much. I can’t afford one.

A. takes B. spends C. pays D. costs

( ) 14. It will _______ us several years to learn a foreign language well.

A. cost B. take C. spend D. use

( ) 15. May I borrow 100 yuan from you? I’ll _______next week.

A. take it back B. cost it back C. pay you D. pay it back

( ) 16. Repairing this TV _______ him the whole afternoon.

A. took B. cost C. pay D. spend

17. It often ________ about 3 hours to get to school from my home.

18. Who will _________ for the bill? ---Maybe our boss.

19. The house ________ him 30, 000 dollars.

20. His cousin _________ the whole day making the toy car yesterday.

21. It _____________ visiting the Colosseum.

22. Since June 1

st

, 2008, when we want plastic bags in the supermarket, we have to

_________ （付款）them.

23. He likes English. He spends lots of time ___________(read) it every day.

24. It took Alice five minutes to finish reading the book.

Alice ________ five minutes ___________ reading the book.

25. It took him 40 yuan to buy the book Harry Potter.

He ________ 40 yuan ______ the book Harry Potter.

26. We spent 20 minutes cleaning the room yesterday.

It ______ _______ 20 minutes ________ ________ the room yesterday.

27. It took Jones half an hour to write a letter.

Jones _________ half an hour __________ a letter.

28. 昨天他花了10分钟乘公共汽车去动物园。

It_______________________________________________________ yesterday.

29. 买一台电脑要花费一大笔钱。（cost）

_________________________________________________________________

30. 他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。(take)

_________________________________________________________________

31. 我每个月要支付给房东20美元的房租。(pay)

_________________________________________________________________

32. 造这座桥花了他们两年的时间。(spend)

_________________________________________________________________

答案：

1.

①I spend 100 yuan on this coat.=I spend 100 yuan to buy this coat.

②The coat cost me 100 yuan.=It cost me 100 yuan to buy this coat.

③I paid 100 yuan for this coat.

④It takes me 100 yuan to buy this coat.

2-6 BADAD 7-11 BABBA 12-16 CDBDA

17. takes 18. pay 19. cost 20. spent 21. is worth 22. pay for

23. reading 24. spent ，in 25. spent，on 26. took us，to clean

27. spent ，writing

28. It took him 10 minutes to go to the zoo by bus yesterday.

29. A new computer costs a lot of money.

30. It took them three years to build this road.

31. I have to pay my landlord 20 dollars for this room each month.

32. They spent two years (in) building this bridge.